Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) are known to outperform the RANS model, especially when it comes to flows around bluff bodies. However, this greater accuracy in results comes at the cost of higher computational effort. Zonal methods have emerged as an alternative to this by mixing the positive aspects of both RANS (low computational effort) and LES/DES (high accuracy) to develop a technique which is both computationally efficient and accurate. For this, a numerical study has been conducted to investigate the flow around an Ahmed body with 25° rear slant, especially in the near wake region, using zonal methods. Initially, the RANS method is used to solve the flow over a full domain, upon convergence of which the values at the plane at mid-body length are extracted. From this plane to the downstream outlet a new domain is defined where the extracted values act as inlet conditions; this zonal domain is solved in two variants using the DES model, one with the Synthetic Turbulence Generator (STG) at the inlet, and one without. Additionally, a DES run on the whole domain is also conducted for comparison purposes. In the end, the three results are compared, and it is observed that the zonal run with STG gave the closest solution to the DES run, while in the absence of STG, the model struggled to accurately predict a realistic turbulent environment.
La simulazione dei grandi vortici (LES) e la simulazione dei vortici distaccati (DES) sono note per superare il modello RANS, specialmente quando si tratta di flussi attorno a corpi spigolosi. Tuttavia, questa maggiore accuratezza nei risultati comporta un maggiore sforzo computazionale. I metodi zonali sono emersi come alternativa a questo, combinando gli aspetti positivi sia del RANS (basso sforzo computazionale) che del LES/DES (alta accuratezza) per sviluppare una tecnica che sia sia computazionalmente efficiente che accurata. A tal fine, è stato condotto uno studio numerico per indagare il flusso attorno a un corpo di Ahmed con inclinazione posteriore di 25°, in particolare nella regione vicina alla scia, utilizzando metodi zonali. Inizialmente, il metodo RANS viene utilizzato per risolvere il flusso su un dominio completo, al raggiungimento della convergenza dei quali vengono estratti i valori sul piano a metà della lunghezza del corpo. Da questo piano all'uscita a valle viene definito un nuovo dominio in cui i valori estratti fungono da condizioni di ingresso; questo dominio zonale viene risolto in due varianti utilizzando il modello DES, una con il Synthetic Turbulence Generator (STG) sul piano di taglio e una senza. Inoltre, viene eseguito anche un DES sull'intero dominio a fini di confronto. Alla fine, i tre risultati vengono confrontati e si osserva che l'esecuzione zonale con STG ha fornito la soluzione più vicina all'esecuzione DES, mentre in assenza di STG il modello ha faticato a prevedere con precisione un ambiente turbolento realistico.
Zonal methods to study near wake conditions for Ahmed body
ANAND, SHLOK
2024/2025
Abstract
Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) are known to outperform the RANS model, especially when it comes to flows around bluff bodies. However, this greater accuracy in results comes at the cost of higher computational effort. Zonal methods have emerged as an alternative to this by mixing the positive aspects of both RANS (low computational effort) and LES/DES (high accuracy) to develop a technique which is both computationally efficient and accurate. For this, a numerical study has been conducted to investigate the flow around an Ahmed body with 25° rear slant, especially in the near wake region, using zonal methods. Initially, the RANS method is used to solve the flow over a full domain, upon convergence of which the values at the plane at mid-body length are extracted. From this plane to the downstream outlet a new domain is defined where the extracted values act as inlet conditions; this zonal domain is solved in two variants using the DES model, one with the Synthetic Turbulence Generator (STG) at the inlet, and one without. Additionally, a DES run on the whole domain is also conducted for comparison purposes. In the end, the three results are compared, and it is observed that the zonal run with STG gave the closest solution to the DES run, while in the absence of STG, the model struggled to accurately predict a realistic turbulent environment.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_10_Anand.pdf
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Descrizione: Thesis Manuscript (Final draft)
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/243186