This thesis examines the theoretical translation and localization of Aldo Rossi’s typological urbanism in the Chinese architectural discourse, highlighting how cross-cultural interpretation, contextual shifts, and local theoretical figures such as Wang Shu have shaped both intellectual frameworks and urban planning practices. Central to the analysis is Rossi’s key notions that were transformed through processes of linguistic mediation and theoretical adaptation. While typological thinking has implicit roots in traditional Chinese architecture, particularly in the replication of canonical forms documented by figures like Liang Sicheng, a systematic theoretical engagement with typology emerged only in the late 20th century. Chinese readers were introduced to Aldo Rossi’s book L’architettura della città by two separate translations. The first was the Traditional Chinese edition published in Taiwan in 1992, translated by Shi Zhiming (施植明), an architect and scholar trained at the École d’Architecture de Paris-La Villette. This version was heavily based on the French edition. The second translation in Simplified Chinese was published in mainland China in 2006, but the text was completed as early as the first translation, as part of a broader “translation wave” that began in the late 1980s to systematically introduce key Western architectural theories into Chinese academia. This version, translated by American-Chinese architect Huang Shijun (黄士钧), followed the 1984 English-language edition edited by Peter Eisenman (translated by Diane Ghirardo and Joan Ockman). Although separated by more than a decade and produced in different political and editorial environments, both versions reflect China’s shifting relationship with foreign theory. This study focuses on the 2006 Simplified Chinese edition, for two key reasons. First, the earlier Traditional Chinese version draws heavily from the French translation, introducing an additional layer of linguistic and conceptual mediation that falls outside the scope of this thesis, which is primarily concerned with the dynamics of multi-layered translation using English as an intermediary language and the academic circulation between Europe, the United States, and China. Second, the 2006 edition is closely tied to the broader intellectual climate in mainland China, emerging from the translation wave initiated in the late 1980s and situated within the institutional context of academic reform, theoretical exchange, and evolving architectural practice. The first journal paper which introduced the typological theory of Aldo Rossi in China was Zhu Bei’s 1992 article “lèi xíng xué yǔ Aldo Rossi” (类型学与阿尔多·罗西, Typology and Aldo Rossi), which introduced Rossi’s theoretical model in a rigorous and historically grounded manner. Rossi’s emphasis on the abstract and historical dimensions of type, distinct from mere functionalism or stylistic replication, provided a foundation for rethinking urban form as a product of cultural memory, civic meaning, and typological continuity. Rather than prescribing models, his work suggested a method of understanding the city through analogical thinking and urban structure, which quickly aroused general interest in the topic of typology and in the study of Aldo Rossi’s work and practice around 1990s. More ideas resonate within the Chinese context, not as imported doctrines, but as reinterpreted frameworks. A lateral example of contextual adaptation can be seen in Wang Shu’s doctoral dissertation The Fictional City (2010), which draws extensively on a reinterpretation of Rossi’s L’architettura della città. Rather than merely adopting Rossi’s theory, Wang selectively engaged with some core concepts, particularly the role of collective memory and the persistence of urban form. This work highlights his approaches of historical erasure in contemporary Chinese practice. Ultimately, this research argues that the transposition of Rossi’s typology into China represents more than theoretical borrowing—it reveals a deeper negotiation between globalization and local identity, between translated meaning and situated design. In doing so, it contributes to a broader understanding of how architectural theory can be critically re-engaged across cultural and historical boundaries.
Questa tesi esamina la traduzione teorica e la localizzazione dell’urbanistica tipologica di Aldo Rossi nel discorso architettonico cinese, mettendo in luce come l’interpretazione transculturale, i mutamenti contestuali e figure teoriche locali come Wang Shu abbiano plasmato sia i quadri intellettuali sia le pratiche di pianificazione urbana. Al centro dell’analisi vi sono le nozioni chiave di Rossi, trasformate attraverso processi di mediazione linguistica e adattamento teorico. Sebbene il pensiero tipologico abbia radici implicite nell’architettura tradizionale cinese, in particolare nella riproduzione di forme canoniche documentate da figure come Liang Sicheng, un coinvolgimento teorico sistematico con la tipologia è emerso solo nella tarda età contemporanea. I lettori cinesi furono introdotti al libro di Aldo Rossi L’architettura della città attraverso due traduzioni distinte. La prima fu l’edizione in cinese tradizionale pubblicata a Taiwan nel 1992, tradotta da Shi Zhiming (施植明), architetto e studioso formatosi all’École d’Architecture de Paris-La Villette. Questa versione si basava in gran parte sull’edizione francese. La seconda traduzione, in cinese semplificato, fu pubblicata nella Cina continentale nel 2006, benché il testo fosse stato completato già in contemporanea alla prima traduzione, come parte di un più ampio “movimento traduttivo” iniziato alla fine degli anni Ottanta volto a introdurre sistematicamente nell’accademia cinese le principali teorie architettoniche occidentali. Questa versione, tradotta dall’architetto sino-americano Huang Shijun (黄士钧), seguiva l’edizione in lingua inglese del 1984 curata da Peter Eisenman (tradotta da Diane Ghirardo e Joan Ockman). Pur essendo separate da oltre un decennio e prodotte in contesti politici ed editoriali diversi, entrambe le versioni riflettono il mutevole rapporto della Cina con la teoria straniera. Questo studio si concentra sull’edizione in cinese semplificato del 2006 per due motivi principali. In primo luogo, la precedente versione in cinese tradizionale si fondava largamente sulla traduzione francese, introducendo un ulteriore livello di mediazione linguistica e concettuale che esula dall’ambito di questa tesi, la quale si concentra soprattutto sulle dinamiche di traduzione multilivello attraverso l’inglese come lingua intermedia e sulla circolazione accademica tra Europa, Stati Uniti e Cina. In secondo luogo, l’edizione del 2006 è strettamente legata al più ampio clima intellettuale della Cina continentale, emergendo dal movimento traduttivo avviato alla fine degli anni Ottanta e situandosi nel contesto istituzionale della riforma accademica, dello scambio teorico e della pratica architettonica in evoluzione. Il primo articolo accademico che introdusse la teoria tipologica di Aldo Rossi in Cina fu quello di Zhu Bei del 1992, intitolato “lèi xíng xué yǔ Aldo Rossi” (类型学与阿尔多·罗西, Tipologia e Aldo Rossi), che presentava il modello teorico di Rossi in modo rigoroso e storicamente fondato. L’enfasi di Rossi sulle dimensioni astratte e storiche del tipo, distinte dal mero funzionalismo o dalla semplice replicazione stilistica, fornì un fondamento per ripensare la forma urbana come prodotto della memoria culturale, del significato civico e della continuità tipologica. Più che prescrivere modelli, il suo lavoro suggeriva un metodo di comprensione della città attraverso il pensiero analogico e la struttura urbana, suscitando rapidamente un diffuso interesse per il tema della tipologia e per lo studio dell’opera e della pratica di Rossi negli anni Novanta. Molte idee risuonano nel contesto cinese non come dottrine importate, ma come quadri reinterpretati. Un esempio trasversale di adattamento contestuale si trova nella tesi di dottorato di Wang Shu, La città fittizia (2010), che attinge ampiamente a una reinterpretazione de L’architettura della città. Più che adottare semplicemente la teoria di Rossi, Wang si confronta selettivamente con alcuni concetti fondamentali, in particolare il ruolo della memoria collettiva e la persistenza della forma urbana. Questo lavoro mette in evidenza i suoi approcci nei confronti della cancellazione storica nella pratica contemporanea cinese. In ultima analisi, questa ricerca sostiene che il trasferimento della tipologia di Rossi in Cina rappresenti più di un semplice prestito teorico: rivela una più profonda negoziazione tra globalizzazione e identità locale, tra significato tradotto e progetto situato. In tal modo, essa contribuisce a una comprensione più ampia di come la teoria architettonica possa essere criticamente riattivata attraverso confini culturali e storici.
Aldo Rossi's theory in China: translation and recontextualization
ZHANG, QINGYI
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis examines the theoretical translation and localization of Aldo Rossi’s typological urbanism in the Chinese architectural discourse, highlighting how cross-cultural interpretation, contextual shifts, and local theoretical figures such as Wang Shu have shaped both intellectual frameworks and urban planning practices. Central to the analysis is Rossi’s key notions that were transformed through processes of linguistic mediation and theoretical adaptation. While typological thinking has implicit roots in traditional Chinese architecture, particularly in the replication of canonical forms documented by figures like Liang Sicheng, a systematic theoretical engagement with typology emerged only in the late 20th century. Chinese readers were introduced to Aldo Rossi’s book L’architettura della città by two separate translations. The first was the Traditional Chinese edition published in Taiwan in 1992, translated by Shi Zhiming (施植明), an architect and scholar trained at the École d’Architecture de Paris-La Villette. This version was heavily based on the French edition. The second translation in Simplified Chinese was published in mainland China in 2006, but the text was completed as early as the first translation, as part of a broader “translation wave” that began in the late 1980s to systematically introduce key Western architectural theories into Chinese academia. This version, translated by American-Chinese architect Huang Shijun (黄士钧), followed the 1984 English-language edition edited by Peter Eisenman (translated by Diane Ghirardo and Joan Ockman). Although separated by more than a decade and produced in different political and editorial environments, both versions reflect China’s shifting relationship with foreign theory. This study focuses on the 2006 Simplified Chinese edition, for two key reasons. First, the earlier Traditional Chinese version draws heavily from the French translation, introducing an additional layer of linguistic and conceptual mediation that falls outside the scope of this thesis, which is primarily concerned with the dynamics of multi-layered translation using English as an intermediary language and the academic circulation between Europe, the United States, and China. Second, the 2006 edition is closely tied to the broader intellectual climate in mainland China, emerging from the translation wave initiated in the late 1980s and situated within the institutional context of academic reform, theoretical exchange, and evolving architectural practice. The first journal paper which introduced the typological theory of Aldo Rossi in China was Zhu Bei’s 1992 article “lèi xíng xué yǔ Aldo Rossi” (类型学与阿尔多·罗西, Typology and Aldo Rossi), which introduced Rossi’s theoretical model in a rigorous and historically grounded manner. Rossi’s emphasis on the abstract and historical dimensions of type, distinct from mere functionalism or stylistic replication, provided a foundation for rethinking urban form as a product of cultural memory, civic meaning, and typological continuity. Rather than prescribing models, his work suggested a method of understanding the city through analogical thinking and urban structure, which quickly aroused general interest in the topic of typology and in the study of Aldo Rossi’s work and practice around 1990s. More ideas resonate within the Chinese context, not as imported doctrines, but as reinterpreted frameworks. A lateral example of contextual adaptation can be seen in Wang Shu’s doctoral dissertation The Fictional City (2010), which draws extensively on a reinterpretation of Rossi’s L’architettura della città. Rather than merely adopting Rossi’s theory, Wang selectively engaged with some core concepts, particularly the role of collective memory and the persistence of urban form. This work highlights his approaches of historical erasure in contemporary Chinese practice. Ultimately, this research argues that the transposition of Rossi’s typology into China represents more than theoretical borrowing—it reveals a deeper negotiation between globalization and local identity, between translated meaning and situated design. In doing so, it contributes to a broader understanding of how architectural theory can be critically re-engaged across cultural and historical boundaries.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/243638