This thesis examines the alignment of value creation and capture activities during the lifecycle of digital ecosystems, taking into consideration the case of fan tokens in the sports industry. While previous literature has primarily examined these two processes separately, or focusing on the ecosystem emergence phase, this study follows a rigorous temporal perspective that highlights their continuous interaction through all the ecosystem lifecycle phases identified by literature. This research was developed from a longitudinal single case study, employing a qualitative methodology based on interviews and secondary sources, that were then analyzed through Gioia's systematic coding method. The empirical findings reveal three aggregate strategies, one for each ecosystem lifecycle phase identified, that describe how value creation and capture activities are designed to ensure ecosystem viability and alignment: orchestrator-led frontloading, reciprocal commitment, and distributed enablement. Each of them is based on three alignment levers that are considered together: incentive system setting, activities governance, and complementors selection, whose configuration evolves systematically throughout the lifecycle. Moreover, the study shows that there may be a non-linear trajectory of ecosystem development, as some phases can be skipped under certain conditions, going beyond the ecosystem’s traditional four-stage model. Theoretically, this thesis contributes to both ecosystem alignment and lifecycle research, by providing a temporal process model that analyzes value creation and capture dynamics over time. Managerially, the model offers guidelines for orchestrators to manage digital ecosystems, that need responsive measures and strategies to navigate in a rapidly evolving environment.
L’obiettivo di questa tesi è di analizzare l’allineamento delle attività di creazione e cattura del valore lungo il ciclo di vita degli ecosistemi digitali, prendendo in esame il caso dei Fan Token nell’industria sportiva. La letteratura ha per lo più affrontato questi due processi separatamente, o concentrandosi sulle fasi iniziali dell’ecosistema. Questo studio adotta invece una prospettiva temporale rigorosa, che mette in evidenza la loro interazione continua attraverso tutte le fasi del ciclo di vita identificate in letteratura. La ricerca è stata sviluppata tramite un singolo caso studio longitudinale, impiegando una metodologia qualitativa basata su interviste e fonti secondarie, successivamente analizzate attraverso il metodo di codifica sistematica di Gioia. I risultati empirici rivelano tre strategie aggregate, una per ciascuna fase del ciclo di vita, che descrivono come le attività di creazione e cattura del valore vengono progettate per garantire la sostenibilità e l’allineamento dell’ecosistema: orchestrator-led frontloading, reciprocal commitment e distributed enablement. Ciascuna di esse si fonda su tre leve di allineamento considerate congiuntamente: incentive system setting (definizione del sistema di incentivi), activities governance (responsabilità operative) e complementors selection (selezione dei partner chiave), la cui configurazione evolve nel corso del ciclo di vita. Inoltre, lo studio evidenzia come lo sviluppo degli ecosistemi possa seguire traiettorie non lineari, nelle quali alcune fasi possono essere saltate in determinate condizioni, superando così il tradizionale modello a quattro stadi. Sul piano teorico, la tesi contribuisce alla letteratura sia sull’allineamento degli ecosistemi sia sul loro ciclo di vita, proponendo un modello di processo temporale che analizza le dinamiche di creazione e cattura del valore nel tempo. A livello manageriale, il modello offre indicazioni utili agli orchestrator (l’azienda che coordina l’ecosistema) per la gestione degli ecosistemi digitali, i quali richiedono misure e strategie adattive per operare in contesti in rapida evoluzione.
Navigating the digital ecosystem lifecycle: evidence from the Fan Token industry
Manenti, Edoardo Franco
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis examines the alignment of value creation and capture activities during the lifecycle of digital ecosystems, taking into consideration the case of fan tokens in the sports industry. While previous literature has primarily examined these two processes separately, or focusing on the ecosystem emergence phase, this study follows a rigorous temporal perspective that highlights their continuous interaction through all the ecosystem lifecycle phases identified by literature. This research was developed from a longitudinal single case study, employing a qualitative methodology based on interviews and secondary sources, that were then analyzed through Gioia's systematic coding method. The empirical findings reveal three aggregate strategies, one for each ecosystem lifecycle phase identified, that describe how value creation and capture activities are designed to ensure ecosystem viability and alignment: orchestrator-led frontloading, reciprocal commitment, and distributed enablement. Each of them is based on three alignment levers that are considered together: incentive system setting, activities governance, and complementors selection, whose configuration evolves systematically throughout the lifecycle. Moreover, the study shows that there may be a non-linear trajectory of ecosystem development, as some phases can be skipped under certain conditions, going beyond the ecosystem’s traditional four-stage model. Theoretically, this thesis contributes to both ecosystem alignment and lifecycle research, by providing a temporal process model that analyzes value creation and capture dynamics over time. Managerially, the model offers guidelines for orchestrators to manage digital ecosystems, that need responsive measures and strategies to navigate in a rapidly evolving environment.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_10_Manenti_01.pdf
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Descrizione: testo tesi
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3.43 MB
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2025_10_Manenti_Executive Summary_02.pdf
non accessibile
Descrizione: executive summary testo
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2.09 MB
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Adobe PDF
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2.09 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/243650