Biophilia describes human innate affinity with nature: a bond rooted in evolution. Yet urbanization and digitalization have progressively moved people away from natural environments, leading to stress and cognitive fatigue. In this context, biophilic design addressed the need for integrating nature into the built environment, with the aim of fostering well-being and restoration. However, while biophilic design has been widely explored in architecture, interior and product design, its potential within visual communication disciplines is slow to be considered. Everyday life is full of interactions with print and digital two-dimensional media, that strongly affect emotions, cognition, and behaviour. Therefore, biophilic visuals may no longer be artificial obstacles, but means to reconnect with nature and benefit from it. This thesis explores the possibility of extending biophilic design beyond the realm of spatial design, into the domain of graphic design. Discussion leads to a focus on fractal geometry as the biophilic element that is most supported by evidence, and can be easily abstracted into visual patterns. Fractals are the geometries of nature, defined by self-similarity and a visual complexity that humans easily process. Research shows that exposure to fractals reduces stress, improves mood and creativity, and supports cognitive restoration. However, are all fractals biophilic? When we move from natural to abstract or mathematical representations, some patterns seem to lack connection to natural forms. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to identify the aesthetic qualities that make fractal patterns more likely to be perceived as natural and preferred, thus maximizing their restorative potential in graphic design. In fact, research states that preference judgments are mediated by the restorative value of the same natural image. Drawing from literature, case studies and empirical testing via an online survey, five key biophilic qualities are proposed and evaluated. The findings offer practical guidelines for designers and present fractals as effective evidence-based biophilic tools for graphic design.
La biofilia descrive l’innata affinità degli esseri umani con la natura: un legame radicato nell’evoluzione. Tuttavia, urbanizzazione e digitalizzazione hanno progressivamente allontanato le persone dagli ambienti naturali, generando stress e affaticamento cognitivo. In questo contesto, il design biofilico risponde all’esigenza di integrare la natura negli spazi indoor, con l’obiettivo di promuovere benessere fisico e mentale. Tuttavia, mentre il design biofilico è stato esplorato in architettura, interior e product design, le discipline della comunicazione non hanno ancora compreso il suo potenziale. I media cartacei e digitali pervadono la quotidianità e influenzano emozioni, pensieri e comportamenti. Perciò, visual biofilici potrebbero rappresentare nuovi strumenti per riconnetterci con la natura e trarne i suoi benefici. Questa tesi esplora la possibilità di estendere il design biofilico oltre i limiti dello spazio, fino al graphic design. La discussione si concentra sulla geometria frattale, individuata come l’elemento biofilico più forte in termini di ricerca e più facilmente traducibile in pattern visivi. I frattali sono la geometria della natura, caratterizzata da auto-similarità e da una complessità visiva che l’essere umano elabora facilmente. La ricerca dimostra che l’esposizione ai frattali riduce lo stress, migliora il mood e la creatività. Tuttavia, tutti i frattali sono biofilici? Nel passaggio dalle rappresentazioni più naturali alle forme più astratte e matematiche, alcuni pattern sembrano perdere la connessione con la natura. Perciò, l’obiettivo di questa tesi è identificare le qualità estetiche che più impattano la naturalezza percepita e la preferenza per un frattale, massimizzando così i suoi benefici. Infatti, la ricerca indica che i giudizi estetici sono mediati dal valore ristorativo della stessa immagine naturale. Attraverso l’analisi della letteratura, dei casi studio e un sondaggio online, cinque qualità biofiliche chiave sono state proposte e testate. I risultati offrono linee guida per i designer e presentano i frattali come efficaci strumenti, supportati dalla ricerca, per creare un ponte tra biofilia e graphic design.
Fractal patterns as evidence-based biophilic tools for graphic design
Manara, Olivia
2024/2025
Abstract
Biophilia describes human innate affinity with nature: a bond rooted in evolution. Yet urbanization and digitalization have progressively moved people away from natural environments, leading to stress and cognitive fatigue. In this context, biophilic design addressed the need for integrating nature into the built environment, with the aim of fostering well-being and restoration. However, while biophilic design has been widely explored in architecture, interior and product design, its potential within visual communication disciplines is slow to be considered. Everyday life is full of interactions with print and digital two-dimensional media, that strongly affect emotions, cognition, and behaviour. Therefore, biophilic visuals may no longer be artificial obstacles, but means to reconnect with nature and benefit from it. This thesis explores the possibility of extending biophilic design beyond the realm of spatial design, into the domain of graphic design. Discussion leads to a focus on fractal geometry as the biophilic element that is most supported by evidence, and can be easily abstracted into visual patterns. Fractals are the geometries of nature, defined by self-similarity and a visual complexity that humans easily process. Research shows that exposure to fractals reduces stress, improves mood and creativity, and supports cognitive restoration. However, are all fractals biophilic? When we move from natural to abstract or mathematical representations, some patterns seem to lack connection to natural forms. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to identify the aesthetic qualities that make fractal patterns more likely to be perceived as natural and preferred, thus maximizing their restorative potential in graphic design. In fact, research states that preference judgments are mediated by the restorative value of the same natural image. Drawing from literature, case studies and empirical testing via an online survey, five key biophilic qualities are proposed and evaluated. The findings offer practical guidelines for designers and present fractals as effective evidence-based biophilic tools for graphic design.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/244050