Operational safety during landing and take-off represents one of the most critical aspects for the airport management, as it is during these operations that most of the risk of accidents is concentrated. Among the various types of events, particular importance is attached to runway excursions (RE), i.e. longitudinal and transverse runway departures during landing or take-off. The report A Statistical Analysis of Commercial Aviation Accidents, compiled by Airbus, highlights how, in the period 2003–2023, runway excursions were one of the main causes of fatal accidents and the leading source of irreparable damage to aircraft; highlighting the need to strengthen runway end protection measures. The following thesis is focused on the study of the Runway Safety Areas, RSA, and on the assessment of the need to introduce innovative solutions, such as Engineered Materials Arresting Systems (EMAS), as a risk mitigation measure. The presented thesis is structured as follows. After a brief overview about the international and national regulations, respectively ICAO, EASA and ENAC. By using the AIP, the main characteristics of the airports, such as runway and RESA dimensions, and infrastructural and territorial constraints that can affect its extension, were collected. This preliminary analysis provided a useful database for the development of subsequent assessments. The application phase involved a representative sample reflecting the characteristics of selected Italian airports, on which a risk analysis was conducted using RSARA2 software, capable of estimating the probability of runway excursion events. Based on the software output, a model for locating incidental events was developed. The obtained results were then used to discuss the effectiveness of the protective measures currently in place, as well as the advisability of integrating advanced systems such as EMAS , with the aim of improving airport system security and guiding future choices regarding infrastructure planning and risk management.
La sicurezza operativa nelle fasi di decollo e atterraggio rappresenta uno degli aspetti più critici della gestione aeroportuale, poichè proprio durante queste operazioni si concentra la maggior parte del rischio di incidenti. Tra le diverse tipologie di eventi, particolare rilevanza è assunta dalle runway excursion (RE), ossia le uscite, longitudinali e trasversali, di pista in fase di atterraggio o decollo. Il report A Statistical Analysis of Commercial Aviation Accidents, redatto da Airbus, evidenzia come, nel periodo 2003–2023, le runway excursions abbiano rappresentato una delle principali cause di incidenti mortali e siano state la prima fonte di danni irreparabili agli aeromobili, evidenziando la necessità di rafforzare le misure di protezione delle estremità di pista. La presente tesi si concentra sullo studio delle aree di sicurezza delle piste aeroportuali (Runway Safety Areas, RSA) e sulla valutazione della necessità di introdurre soluzioni innovative, quali i letti d’arresto (Engineered Materials Arresting Systems, EMAS), come misura di mitigazione del rischio. Dopo un inquadramento normativo di carattere internazionale (ICAO, EASA) e nazionale (ENAC), sono state raccolte e catalogate, tramite l’AIP, le caratteristiche di tutti gli aeroporti italiani, con riferimento alle dimensioni delle piste, alle RESA e agli eventuali vincoli infrastrutturali o territoriali che ne condizionano l’estensione. Tale analisi preliminare ha permesso di disporre di una base dati utile per lo sviluppo delle valutazioni successive. La fase applicativa ha riguardato un campione rappresentativo delle caratteristiche di alcuni aeroporti italiani, sui quali è stata condotta un’analisi del rischio attraverso l’utilizzo del software RSARA2, in grado di stimare la probabilità di eventi di runway excursion. A partire dagli output del software è stato sviluppato un modello di localizzazione degli eventi incidentali. I risultati ottenuti sono stati quindi utilizzati per discutere l’efficacia delle misure di protezione attualmente previste, nonché l’opportunità di integrare sistemi avanzati come gli EMAS , con l’obiettivo di migliorare la sicurezza del sistema aeroportuale e di orientare le scelte future per quanto riguarda la pianificazione infrastrutturale e la gestione del rischio.
Implementazione di una metodologia per la valutazione della sicurezza delle Runway Safety Area e dell'efficacia delle relative misure di compensazione
Orrù, Elisabetta;Defilippo, Alice
2024/2025
Abstract
Operational safety during landing and take-off represents one of the most critical aspects for the airport management, as it is during these operations that most of the risk of accidents is concentrated. Among the various types of events, particular importance is attached to runway excursions (RE), i.e. longitudinal and transverse runway departures during landing or take-off. The report A Statistical Analysis of Commercial Aviation Accidents, compiled by Airbus, highlights how, in the period 2003–2023, runway excursions were one of the main causes of fatal accidents and the leading source of irreparable damage to aircraft; highlighting the need to strengthen runway end protection measures. The following thesis is focused on the study of the Runway Safety Areas, RSA, and on the assessment of the need to introduce innovative solutions, such as Engineered Materials Arresting Systems (EMAS), as a risk mitigation measure. The presented thesis is structured as follows. After a brief overview about the international and national regulations, respectively ICAO, EASA and ENAC. By using the AIP, the main characteristics of the airports, such as runway and RESA dimensions, and infrastructural and territorial constraints that can affect its extension, were collected. This preliminary analysis provided a useful database for the development of subsequent assessments. The application phase involved a representative sample reflecting the characteristics of selected Italian airports, on which a risk analysis was conducted using RSARA2 software, capable of estimating the probability of runway excursion events. Based on the software output, a model for locating incidental events was developed. The obtained results were then used to discuss the effectiveness of the protective measures currently in place, as well as the advisability of integrating advanced systems such as EMAS , with the aim of improving airport system security and guiding future choices regarding infrastructure planning and risk management.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/246510