Healthcare faces a structural paradox: while protecting human health, it generates significant environmental impacts through energy use, waste generation, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore, hospitals must integrate environmental sustainability into their governance frameworks. This thesis aims to support the ecological transition of IRCCS Humanitas through two complementary instruments: EnviroCheck Humanitas, a supplier qualification tool for sustainable procurement, and an extended “green” Hospital-based Health Technology Assessment (Hb-HTA) model that embeds environmental evidence into technology evaluation. The first tool was developed through a comparative analysis of the Sustainable Procurement Index for Health (SPIH) and the Basic Sustainability Assessment Tool (BSAT). The resulting model combines the structural robustness of SPIH with the usability of BSAT, enabling the assessment of suppliers’ environmental performance across key domains - emissions, resource efficiency, waste management - through a weighted, category-specific questionnaire. The second part proposes a Hb-HTA model including an environmental domain to evaluate impacts in parallel with clinical, organizational, and economic outcomes. The model was applied to anaesthesia in bariatric surgery to assess sustainable alternatives to desflurane. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of results, while Multi Criteria Decision Analysis ranked the four scenarios – desflurane, sevoflurane, total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA), and desflurane with a capture system. Results show that replacing desflurane with lower-impact alternatives such as TIVA substantially reduces GHG emissions without compromising clinical quality and highlight the mitigation potential of gas capture technologies. Together, the two instruments enable the concrete integration of environmental sustainability into hospital-decision making, turning it from an ethical duty into a strategic opportunity for innovation and leadership in the fight against climate change.
Il sistema sanitario vive un paradosso strutturale: mentre tutela la salute umana, genera al contempo rilevanti impatti ambientali dovuti ai consumi energetici, alla produzione di rifiuti e alle emissioni di gas serra (GHG). Gli ospedali devono quindi integrare la sostenibilità ambientale nei propri modelli di governance. Questa tesi mira a supportare la transizione ecologica dell’IRCCS Humanitas, attraverso due strumenti complementari: EnviroCheck Humanitas, un questionario di qualifica dei fornitori per il procurement sostenibile, e un modello “green” di Hospital based Health Technology Assessment (Hb-HTA), che incorpora l’evidenza ambientale nella valutazione delle tecnologie sanitarie. Il primo strumento è stato sviluppato tramite un’analisi comparativa tra il Sustainable Procurement Index for Health (SPIH) e il Basic Sustainability Assessment Tool (BSAT). Il modello risultante combina la solidità strutturale dello SPIH con la praticità del BSAT, consentendo la valutazione delle prestazioni ambientali dei fornitori in aree chiave – emissioni, gestione efficiente delle risorse e dei rifiuti – attraverso un questionario ponderato e specifico per categoria. La seconda parte propone un modello di Hb-HTA che include un dominio ambientale per valutare gli impatti in parallelo ai risultati clinici, organizzativi ed economici. Il modello è stato applicato al caso dell’anestesia in chirurgia bariatrica per analizzare scenari sostenibili alternativi al desflurano. L’analisi di sensibilità ha verificato la robustezza dei risultati mentre l’analisi multicriterio ha classificato i quattro scenari - desflurano, sevoflurano, anestesia totale endovenosa (TIVA), e desflurano con sistema di cattura. I risultati confermano che la sostituzione del desflurano con alternative a minore impatto come la TIVA riduce le emissioni GHG senza compromettere la qualità clinica, e dimostrano il potenziale mitigativo dei sistemi di cattura dei gas. I due strumenti permettono di integrare concretamente la sostenibilità ambientale nelle decisioni ospedaliere, trasformandola da dovere etico ad opportunità strategica per innovazione e leadership nella lotta al cambiamento climatico.
Environmental sustainability in health technology management: a supplier qualification tool and a green hb-hta case study in bariatric surgery at IRCCS Humanitas
Sicignano, Josephin
2024/2025
Abstract
Healthcare faces a structural paradox: while protecting human health, it generates significant environmental impacts through energy use, waste generation, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore, hospitals must integrate environmental sustainability into their governance frameworks. This thesis aims to support the ecological transition of IRCCS Humanitas through two complementary instruments: EnviroCheck Humanitas, a supplier qualification tool for sustainable procurement, and an extended “green” Hospital-based Health Technology Assessment (Hb-HTA) model that embeds environmental evidence into technology evaluation. The first tool was developed through a comparative analysis of the Sustainable Procurement Index for Health (SPIH) and the Basic Sustainability Assessment Tool (BSAT). The resulting model combines the structural robustness of SPIH with the usability of BSAT, enabling the assessment of suppliers’ environmental performance across key domains - emissions, resource efficiency, waste management - through a weighted, category-specific questionnaire. The second part proposes a Hb-HTA model including an environmental domain to evaluate impacts in parallel with clinical, organizational, and economic outcomes. The model was applied to anaesthesia in bariatric surgery to assess sustainable alternatives to desflurane. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of results, while Multi Criteria Decision Analysis ranked the four scenarios – desflurane, sevoflurane, total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA), and desflurane with a capture system. Results show that replacing desflurane with lower-impact alternatives such as TIVA substantially reduces GHG emissions without compromising clinical quality and highlight the mitigation potential of gas capture technologies. Together, the two instruments enable the concrete integration of environmental sustainability into hospital-decision making, turning it from an ethical duty into a strategic opportunity for innovation and leadership in the fight against climate change.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_12_Sicignano_Tesi.pdf
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2025_12_Sicignano_Executive Summary.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/246812