This thesis explores architectural education by analyzing the relationship between theory and practice, examining how various pedagogical models influence the way architecture is both learned and taught. Architecture is itself an educational act, which is the reason behind the research that investigates how knowledge emerges from both intellectual reflection and material experience. The study examines two distinct traditions with a comparison approach: the European model, exemplified by the Italian context, and the South American model, represented by Chile. In Italy, and often recalled in Europe, architectural education developed between polytechnic and humanist traditions. Theoretical learning, design, and representation are central to the architect’s intellectual formation. The postwar reconstruction and the successive decades laid the groundwork for a pedagogy rooted in urban analysis and critical design thinking. The development of academic institutions reinforced the architect’s cultural role within society. The Chilean University embodies an education through building, where students materialize projects that engage directly with local communities and landscapes. Università Cattolica di Valparaíso and the related Ciudad Abierta, gave birth to a poetic and collective mode of learning, where architecture becomes a lived experiment in making and coexistence. These experiences are a perfect example of South American pedagogical movements that privilege collaboration, improvisation, and social relevance. Comparing these two cultural and pedagogical traditions, the thesis aims to reveal how architecture can serve as a bridge between intellectual inquiry and practical knowledge, between conceiving and constructing. The final part of the research narrates a practical form through the RECycled Pavilion, designed and built in Concepción, Chile, as part of an academic collaboration between Politecnico di Milano and local institutions. The pavilion serves as a pedagogical experiment, testing the integration of theoretical and hands-on learning. The thesis argues for an architectural pedagogy that avoids the dualism between thought and action, proposing a model where design and construction, reflection and participation, become complementary instruments of education.
La tesi esplora l’educazione architettonica analizzando la relazione tra teoria e pratica, esaminando come diversi modelli pedagogici influenzino il modo in cui l’architettura viene appresa e insegnata. L’architettura è di per sé un atto educativo, ed è proprio da questa consapevolezza che nasce la ricerca, volta a indagare come la conoscenza emerga sia dalla riflessione intellettuale sia dall’esperienza materiale. Lo studio prende in esame due tradizioni distinte attraverso un approccio comparativo: il modello europeo, rappresentato dal contesto italiano, e quello sudamericano, incarnato dal caso cileno. In Italia e, più in generale, in Europa, la formazione architettonica si è sviluppata tra la tradizione politecnica e quella umanistica. L’apprendimento teorico, la progettazione e la rappresentazione costituiscono il nucleo della formazione intellettuale dell’architetto. Il periodo della ricostruzione postbellica e i decenni successivi hanno gettato le basi per una pedagogia radicata nell’analisi urbana e nel pensiero critico progettuale, mentre lo sviluppo delle istituzioni accademiche ha consolidato il ruolo culturale dell’architetto nella società. Le università cilene, al contrario, incarnano un’educazione “attraverso il costruire”, in cui gli studenti realizzano progetti che dialogano direttamente con le comunità locali e i paesaggi circostanti. L’Universidad Católica de Valparaíso e la sua esperienza correlata, la Ciudad Abierta, hanno dato origine a una modalità di apprendimento poetica e collettiva, in cui l’architettura diventa un esperimento vissuto di fare e di coesistere. Queste esperienze cilene rappresentano un esempio paradigmatico dei movimenti pedagogici sudamericani che privilegiano la collaborazione, l’improvvisazione e la rilevanza sociale. Confrontando queste due tradizioni culturali e pedagogiche, la tesi intende mostrare come l’architettura possa fungere da ponte tra l’indagine intellettuale e la conoscenza pratica, tra il concepire e il costruire. La parte finale della ricerca si concretizza in una sperimentazione pratica con il RECycled Pavilion realizzato con dell’Alta Scuola Politecnica, progettato e costruito a Concepción, in Cile, nell’ambito di una collaborazione accademica tra il Politecnico di Milano e le istituzioni locali. Il padiglione si configura come un esperimento pedagogico, volto a mettere alla prova l’integrazione tra l’apprendimento teorico e la pratica costruttiva. La tesi sostiene la necessità di una pedagogia architettonica capace di superare il dualismo tra pensiero e azione, proponendo un modello in cui progettazione e costruzione, riflessione e partecipazione, diventino strumenti complementari di formazione.
Learning by building: architectural education between theory and practice. A comparative study of pedagogical models and a built pavilion in Chile
Cairoli, Edoardo
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis explores architectural education by analyzing the relationship between theory and practice, examining how various pedagogical models influence the way architecture is both learned and taught. Architecture is itself an educational act, which is the reason behind the research that investigates how knowledge emerges from both intellectual reflection and material experience. The study examines two distinct traditions with a comparison approach: the European model, exemplified by the Italian context, and the South American model, represented by Chile. In Italy, and often recalled in Europe, architectural education developed between polytechnic and humanist traditions. Theoretical learning, design, and representation are central to the architect’s intellectual formation. The postwar reconstruction and the successive decades laid the groundwork for a pedagogy rooted in urban analysis and critical design thinking. The development of academic institutions reinforced the architect’s cultural role within society. The Chilean University embodies an education through building, where students materialize projects that engage directly with local communities and landscapes. Università Cattolica di Valparaíso and the related Ciudad Abierta, gave birth to a poetic and collective mode of learning, where architecture becomes a lived experiment in making and coexistence. These experiences are a perfect example of South American pedagogical movements that privilege collaboration, improvisation, and social relevance. Comparing these two cultural and pedagogical traditions, the thesis aims to reveal how architecture can serve as a bridge between intellectual inquiry and practical knowledge, between conceiving and constructing. The final part of the research narrates a practical form through the RECycled Pavilion, designed and built in Concepción, Chile, as part of an academic collaboration between Politecnico di Milano and local institutions. The pavilion serves as a pedagogical experiment, testing the integration of theoretical and hands-on learning. The thesis argues for an architectural pedagogy that avoids the dualism between thought and action, proposing a model where design and construction, reflection and participation, become complementary instruments of education.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/246818