The integration of Circular Economy (CE) principles into industrial plant projects has gained increasing attention as the Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) sector seeks to enhance sustainability and resource efficiency. However, despite growing interest, the scientific and technical knowledge surrounding CE in this context remains highly fragmented and lacks a unified framework to support practical implementation. This thesis addresses this gap through a systematic literature review (SLR), which identified and analyzed 123 high-relevance peer-reviewed articles. The review explores how CE principles are implemented across the EPC project lifecycle in the greenfield area, from engineering and procurement to construction, and categorizes these practices into structured thematic clusters. These findings form the foundation for developing two conceptual frameworks that structure and interrelate CE practices within EPC contexts. To ensure their practical applicability and relevance, the proposed frameworks were subsequently validated through semi-structured expert interviews with academic and industry professionals, thereby bridging theoretical insights with real-world implementation. The study culminates in two interlinked frameworks: the first systematically maps CE practices within EPC phases, while the second conceptualizes the interactions and enablers among practices. Collectively, these contributions provide a structured knowledge base that bridges the gap between theory and practice, offering EPC companies actionable insights to embed circularity into industrial project delivery models. Furthermore, a set of propositions is presented to guide future research on advancing CE implementation in EPC projects.
L’integrazione dei principi dell’Economia Circolare (CE) in progetti di costruzione di impianti industriali sta ricevendo crescente attenzione, poiché il settore dell’Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) mira a migliorare la sostenibilità e l’efficienza nell’uso delle risorse. Tuttavia, nonostante l’aumento d’interesse, la conoscenza scientifica e tecnica relativa alla CE in questo contesto risulta ancora altamente frammentata e priva di un quadro unificato a supporto dell’implementazione pratica. Questo lavoro di tesi affronta tale lacuna attraverso una Systematic Literature Review (SLR) che ha identificato e analizzato 123 articoli peer-reviewed rilevanti. La ricerca mira ad esplorare quali principi della CE vengano applicati lungo l’intero ciclo di vita dei progetti EPC nell’ambito di nuovi progetti (greenfield), dalla fase di ingegneria e approvvigionamento fino alla costruzione, categorizzando tali pratiche in cluster tematici per conferire struttura alla conoscenza. I risultati ottenuti costituiscono la base per lo sviluppo di due framework concettuali che organizzano e mettono in relazione le pratiche di CE all’interno dei contesti EPC. Per garantirne l’applicabilità e la rilevanza pratica, i framework proposti sono stati successivamente validati attraverso interviste semi-strutturate a esperti provenienti dal mondo accademico e professionale, colmando così il divario tra le prospettive teoriche e la loro applicazione nel settore. Lo studio si conclude con la definizione di due framework interconnessi: il primo mappa sistematicamente le pratiche di CE all’interno delle fasi EPC, mentre il secondo ne concettualizza le interazioni e i fattori abilitanti. Nel loro insieme, questi contributi forniscono una struttura di base alla conoscenza che colma il divario tra teoria e pratica, offrendo alle imprese EPC indicazioni operative per integrare la circolarità nei modelli di realizzazione dei loro progetti. Inoltre, viene presentato un insieme di proposizioni per orientare le future ricerche sull’avanzamento dell’implementazione dell’Economia Circolare nei progetti EPC.
The EPC company perspective on implementing circular economy principles in industrial plant projects: a systematic literature review and industry insights
Crisna, Martin;GATTI, MARCO
2024/2025
Abstract
The integration of Circular Economy (CE) principles into industrial plant projects has gained increasing attention as the Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) sector seeks to enhance sustainability and resource efficiency. However, despite growing interest, the scientific and technical knowledge surrounding CE in this context remains highly fragmented and lacks a unified framework to support practical implementation. This thesis addresses this gap through a systematic literature review (SLR), which identified and analyzed 123 high-relevance peer-reviewed articles. The review explores how CE principles are implemented across the EPC project lifecycle in the greenfield area, from engineering and procurement to construction, and categorizes these practices into structured thematic clusters. These findings form the foundation for developing two conceptual frameworks that structure and interrelate CE practices within EPC contexts. To ensure their practical applicability and relevance, the proposed frameworks were subsequently validated through semi-structured expert interviews with academic and industry professionals, thereby bridging theoretical insights with real-world implementation. The study culminates in two interlinked frameworks: the first systematically maps CE practices within EPC phases, while the second conceptualizes the interactions and enablers among practices. Collectively, these contributions provide a structured knowledge base that bridges the gap between theory and practice, offering EPC companies actionable insights to embed circularity into industrial project delivery models. Furthermore, a set of propositions is presented to guide future research on advancing CE implementation in EPC projects.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_12_Crisna_Gatti_Thesis_01.pdf
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Descrizione: Text of the thesis
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2025_12_Crisna_Gatti_Executive Summary_02.pdf
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Descrizione: Executive summary of the thesis
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/246855