Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and postural and gait disturbances. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an advanced treatment option that alleviates the cardinal motor symptoms of PD. Adaptive DBS (aDBS) holds the promise to enhance the clinical benefits of conventional DBS (cDBS) while reducing stimulation-related side effects, through real-time modulation of stimulation parameters. In its single-drive (SD) mode, aDBS modulates stimulation for both hemispheres based on local field potentials (LFP) recorded from only one side. This makes interhemispheric coupling a key determinant for ensuring appropriate contralateral stimulation. This study investigated long-term interhemispheric coupling between the two subthalamic nuclei (STN) in patients undergoing both cDBS and SD-aDBS, and examined its relationship with stimulation mode, awake/asleep state, and clinical and demographic factors. Twelve patients with idiopathic PD (11 males; mean±sd age: 59 ± 9 years; disease duration: 15 ± 5 years), all implanted bilaterally for STN-DBS, were enrolled. Interhemispheric coupling was assessed using r2 and Mutual Information (MI) across four spectral features: the offset and slope of the aperiodic component of the STN-LFP amplitude spectra, and the amplitude of oscillatory activity in the Lowβ (12–20 Hz) and Highβ (21–30 Hz) bands. Interhemispheric coupling was significant in most cases but showed substantial inter-subject and inter-feature variability. Notably, Lowβ r2 was significantly higher during cDBS than during aDBS, and during aDBS it correlated with the percentage of time spent in the OFF motor condition. No consistent linear temporal trend in coupling emerged over the recording period for any spectral feature. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of long-term STN-LFP interhemispheric coupling dynamics and provide insights that may guide the optimization of SD-aDBS paradigms.
La malattia di Parkinson (PD) è il secondo disturbo neurodegenerativo più comune ed è caratterizzata da sintomi motori e non motori, tra cui bradicinesia, rigidità, tremore e alterazioni della postura e dell’andatura. La Stimolazione Cerebrale Profonda (DBS) è un trattamento avanzato che allevia i principali sintomi motori della PD. La DBS adattativa (aDBS) punta a potenziare i benefici e a ridurre gli effetti collaterali associati alla DBS convenzionale (cDBS), grazie alla modulazione in tempo reale dei parametri di stimolazione. In aDBS in modalità single drive (SD-aDBS), la stimolazione di entrambi gli emisferi è regolata sulla base dei local field potential (LFP) registrati da un solo lato, rendendo l’accoppiamento interemisferico determinante per garantire una stimolazione controlaterale adeguata. Questo studio ha analizzato l’accoppiamento interemisfersico a lungo termine tra i nuclei subtalamici (STN) in pazienti trattati sia in cDBS che in SD-aDBS, valutandone la relazione con modalità di stimolazione, stato di veglia/sonno e fattori clinici e demografici. Dodici pazienti con PD idiopatica (11 maschi; media±ds: età 59 ± 9 anni; durata di malattia 15 ± 5 anni), impiantati bilateralmente per ricevere la STN-DBS, sono stati inclusi. L’accoppiamento interemisferico è stato stimato tramite r2 e Mutual Information (MI) su quattro feature spettrali: offset e pendenza della componente aperiodica degli spettri di ampiezza degli STN-LFP, e ampiezza della componete oscillatoria nelle bande Lowβ (12–20 Hz) e Highβ (21–30 Hz). L’accoppiamento interemisferico è risultato generalmente significativo, ma con ampia variabilità inter-soggetto e tra le diverse feature. In particolare, r2 in Lowβ era più elevato in cDBS rispetto all’aDBS, e in aDBS è risultato correlato con la percentuale di tempo trascorso in una condizione motoria di OFF. Inoltre, non sono emersi trend temporali lineari consistenti per nessuna feature spettrale. Questi risultati approfondiscono la comprensione delle dinamiche di accoppiamento interemisferico a lungo termine per gli STN-LFP e forniscono indicazioni utili per l’ottimizzazione di paradigmi di stimolazione personalizzati per SD-aDBS.
Long-term interhemispheric coupling between the subthalamic nuclei in patients with Parkinson's disease undergoing conventional and adaptive deep brain stimulation
SERRAO, PASQUALE
2024/2025
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and postural and gait disturbances. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an advanced treatment option that alleviates the cardinal motor symptoms of PD. Adaptive DBS (aDBS) holds the promise to enhance the clinical benefits of conventional DBS (cDBS) while reducing stimulation-related side effects, through real-time modulation of stimulation parameters. In its single-drive (SD) mode, aDBS modulates stimulation for both hemispheres based on local field potentials (LFP) recorded from only one side. This makes interhemispheric coupling a key determinant for ensuring appropriate contralateral stimulation. This study investigated long-term interhemispheric coupling between the two subthalamic nuclei (STN) in patients undergoing both cDBS and SD-aDBS, and examined its relationship with stimulation mode, awake/asleep state, and clinical and demographic factors. Twelve patients with idiopathic PD (11 males; mean±sd age: 59 ± 9 years; disease duration: 15 ± 5 years), all implanted bilaterally for STN-DBS, were enrolled. Interhemispheric coupling was assessed using r2 and Mutual Information (MI) across four spectral features: the offset and slope of the aperiodic component of the STN-LFP amplitude spectra, and the amplitude of oscillatory activity in the Lowβ (12–20 Hz) and Highβ (21–30 Hz) bands. Interhemispheric coupling was significant in most cases but showed substantial inter-subject and inter-feature variability. Notably, Lowβ r2 was significantly higher during cDBS than during aDBS, and during aDBS it correlated with the percentage of time spent in the OFF motor condition. No consistent linear temporal trend in coupling emerged over the recording period for any spectral feature. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of long-term STN-LFP interhemispheric coupling dynamics and provide insights that may guide the optimization of SD-aDBS paradigms.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/246863