This research explores utopia as a critical and design tool for reading and reinterpreting contemporary reality, proposing it not as an escape from the present but as a lens through which to observe fragilities, contradictions, and opportunities for transformation. Water represents the element that binds together the narrative of this research, revealing its provocative, symbolic, and biopolitical dimensions. The first chapter establishes the method underlying the project: utopia is not an abstract ideal but a critical mirror and a laboratory of possibilities that reappears cyclically in history during periods of transition, such as the one we are experiencing today. Through an investigation directed toward the past, it demonstrates how utopia has always functioned as a compass in seas difficult to navigate, where the element of water holds a strong symbolic and critical value for understanding the limits and resources of the specific historical era of each utopia examined. The utopian dimension always begins with an analysis of reality, and for this reason the study presents the case of Copenhagen, where water occupies an unstable balance between threat and opportunity for the city, revealing the tensions between urbanization, climate risk, and speculative logics, and highlighting the urgency of rethinking the relationship between society, territory, and environment. Within it, the urban experiment of Christiania reveals a resilient and creative community capable of imagining ways of living alternative to the dominant system, using water as a fluid and permeable boundary of freedom. The research then clarifies the critique of contemporaneity it seeks to develop, characterized by interdependent ecological and technological crises. The analysis shows how artificial intelligence, instead of promoting sustainability, often ends up amplifying dynamics of control, profit, and exploitation. Meanwhile, environmental policies remain largely inert. Is a world in which technology is genuinely used for the environment and society truly possible? In this context, the New Christiania project emerges as a radical critique of the present: not an ideal city but a device that tests the role of water and technology as instruments of cooperation with nature and collective responsibility, pushing as far as openly questioning whether an equilibrium between humans, environment, and machine is possible at all. In this way, the project offers no answers but instead radicalizes the critique developed in the previous chapters. In conclusion, the thesis proposes utopia as a dynamic method of critique and imagination, as a form of power contestation capable of questioning the present and orienting design toward possible futures. It reaffirms the urgency of restoring to architecture an ethical and political dimension, in which imagining becomes an act of resilience and utopia, once again, an invitation to think differently.
Questa ricerca esplora l’utopia come strumento critico e progettuale per leggere e reinterpretare la realtà contemporanea, proponendola non come fuga dal presente, ma come lente per osservare fragilità, contraddizioni e opportunità di trasformazione. L’acqua rappresenta l’elemento che lega la narrativa di questa ricerca, mostrandone aspetti provocativi, simbolici e biopolitici. Il primo capitolo stabilisce il metodo alla base del progetto: l’utopia non è un ideale astratto, ma uno specchio critico e un laboratorio di possibilità, che si ripresenta ciclicamente nella storia in periodi di transizione, come quello che stiamo attraversando oggi. Attraverso un’indagine rivolta al passato, si dimostra come l’utopia si configura, da sempre, come bussola in mari difficili da navigare, dove l’elemento dell’acqua ha un forte valore simbolico e critico per comprendere limiti e risorse della specifica epoca storica di ogni utopia analizzata. La dimensione utopica parte sempre da un’analisi della realtà, e per questo lo studio mostra il caso di Copenhagen, dove l’acqua si colloca in un equilibrio instabile tra minaccia e opportunità per la città, e svela le tensioni tra urbanizzazione, rischio climatico e logiche speculative, mostrando l’urgenza di ripensare il rapporto tra società, territorio e ambiente. Al suo interno, l’esperimento urbano di Christiania mostra una comunità resiliente e creativa, capace di immaginare modi di vivere alternativi al sistema dominante, utilizzando l’acqua come un confine fluido e permeabile di libertà. A questo punto la ricerca chiarisce la critica alla contemporaneità che intende sviluppare, caratterizzata da crisi ecologica e tecnologica interdipendenti. L’analisi mostra come l’intelligenza artificiale, anziché promuovere sostenibilità, finisca spesso per amplificare dinamiche di controllo, profitto e sfruttamento. Parallelamente, le politiche ambientali restano in gran parte inerti. E’ davvero possibile un mondo in cui la tecnologia venga usata per l’ambiente e la società? In questo contesto, il progetto di New Christiania emerge come una critica radicale del presente: non una città ideale, ma un dispositivo che mette alla prova il ruolo dell’acqua e della tecnologia come strumenti di cooperazione con la natura e di responsabilità collettiva, spingendosi fino a mettere in discussione apertamente che un equilibrio tra uomo, ambiente e macchina sia davvero possibile. In questo modo, il progetto non offre risposte, ma estremizza la critica sviluppata nei capitoli precedenti. In conclusione, la tesi propone l’utopia come metodo dinamico di critica e immaginazione, come contestazione di potere capace di interrogare il presente e orientare il progetto verso futuri possibili. Essa riafferma l’urgenza di restituire all’architettura una dimensione etica e politica, in cui immaginare diventa un atto di resilienza e l’utopia, ancora una volta, un invito a pensare diversamente.
Fluid utopias : utopia as a critical tool for the biopolitical project
Petrelli, Elisa
2024/2025
Abstract
This research explores utopia as a critical and design tool for reading and reinterpreting contemporary reality, proposing it not as an escape from the present but as a lens through which to observe fragilities, contradictions, and opportunities for transformation. Water represents the element that binds together the narrative of this research, revealing its provocative, symbolic, and biopolitical dimensions. The first chapter establishes the method underlying the project: utopia is not an abstract ideal but a critical mirror and a laboratory of possibilities that reappears cyclically in history during periods of transition, such as the one we are experiencing today. Through an investigation directed toward the past, it demonstrates how utopia has always functioned as a compass in seas difficult to navigate, where the element of water holds a strong symbolic and critical value for understanding the limits and resources of the specific historical era of each utopia examined. The utopian dimension always begins with an analysis of reality, and for this reason the study presents the case of Copenhagen, where water occupies an unstable balance between threat and opportunity for the city, revealing the tensions between urbanization, climate risk, and speculative logics, and highlighting the urgency of rethinking the relationship between society, territory, and environment. Within it, the urban experiment of Christiania reveals a resilient and creative community capable of imagining ways of living alternative to the dominant system, using water as a fluid and permeable boundary of freedom. The research then clarifies the critique of contemporaneity it seeks to develop, characterized by interdependent ecological and technological crises. The analysis shows how artificial intelligence, instead of promoting sustainability, often ends up amplifying dynamics of control, profit, and exploitation. Meanwhile, environmental policies remain largely inert. Is a world in which technology is genuinely used for the environment and society truly possible? In this context, the New Christiania project emerges as a radical critique of the present: not an ideal city but a device that tests the role of water and technology as instruments of cooperation with nature and collective responsibility, pushing as far as openly questioning whether an equilibrium between humans, environment, and machine is possible at all. In this way, the project offers no answers but instead radicalizes the critique developed in the previous chapters. In conclusion, the thesis proposes utopia as a dynamic method of critique and imagination, as a form of power contestation capable of questioning the present and orienting design toward possible futures. It reaffirms the urgency of restoring to architecture an ethical and political dimension, in which imagining becomes an act of resilience and utopia, once again, an invitation to think differently.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/247212