This thesis designs and evaluates an Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) model for Italy’s furniture sector through a circular ecosystem lens. It tackles four systemic gaps – fragmented coordination, thin data traceability, lack of harmonized eco-modulation metrics, and the disconnect between eco-design and real treatment/ logistics – by framing the EPR programme as a mission-oriented megaproject governed in stages under regulatory constraints. The first contribution is an eco-modulation framework built on a Recyclability Coefficient (RC) that combines material recyclability, disassemblability of joints, and durability/reuse. Computed from the bill of materials and joining techniques, the RC links design choices to differentiated fees and is supported by a product “digital-twin” environment that enables simplified LCA, redesign guidance, end-to-end traceability of waste generation, and audit-ready reporting. The second contribution is an inclusive, ecosystemic governance model articulated through a new phase model aligned with legislative timing. It clarifies roles and interfaces across producers, operators, public bodies and users, and sequences delivery, from regulatory set-up and pilots to scale-up and periodic reviews, so that data standards, service rules and incentives cohere before steady-state operations. The third contribution models the second-hand and reuse domain as an integral pillar of EPR: a shared platform, where producers and users interact, coordinates a national network of reuse, repair and reconditioning centres and gives disciplined outlets to unsold items. In this way, responsibility extends upstream and downstream, diverting high-value goods from disposal and linking field feedback to design and fee signals. Results show that applying the RC enables transparent, design-oriented fee differentiation; improves flow quality and predictability; shortens decision cycles through automated, verifiable data; and, with reuse integrated, raises recovery yields while lowering end-of-life costs. The combined governance architecture, enforced by the digital transition proposed, strengthens trust across the chain and makes national scale-up feasible.
La seguente tesi progetta e valuta un modello di Responsabilità Estesa del Produttore (EPR) per il settore arredo in Italia, adottando la lente teorica dell’ecosistema circolare. Affronta quattro gap sistemici – coordinamento frammentato, tracciabilità dei dati debole, mancanza di metriche armonizzate per l’eco-modulazione e scollamento tra ecodesign e condizioni reali di trattamento/logistica – inquadrando il programma EPR come un megaprogetto “mission-oriented”, governato per fasi sotto vincoli normativi. Il primo contributo è un quadro di eco-modulazione basato su un Coefficiente di Riciclabilità (CR) che combina riciclabilità dei materiali, disassemblabilità delle giunzioni e durabilità/riuso. Calcolato a partire dalla distinta base e dalle tecniche di assemblaggio, il CR collega le scelte di design a contributi differenziati ed è supportato da un ambiente di “digital twin” che abilita l’LCA semplificata, guida al redesign, tracciabilità end-to-end dei rifiuti e rendicontazione pronta alla verifica. Il secondo contributo è un modello di governance inclusivo ed ecosistemico, articolato in un nuovo phase model allineato alle tempistiche legislative. Chiarisce ruoli e interfacce tra produttori, operatori, enti pubblici e utenti, e sequenzia l’implementazione, dal set-up regolatorio e dai piloti allo scale-up e alle revisioni periodiche, affinché standard dei dati, regole di servizio e incentivi risultino coerenti prima della fase a regime. Il terzo contributo modella il dominio dell’usato e del riuso come pilastro integrale dell’EPR: una piattaforma condivisa, dove produttori e utenti interagiscono, coordina una rete nazionale di centri di riuso, riparazione e ricondizionamento e offre sbocchi regolati all’invenduto. In tal modo la responsabilità si estende a monte e a valle, deviando beni ad alto valore dalla dismissione e collegando l’esperienza pratica al design e ai segnali tariffari. I risultati mostrano che l’applicazione del CR abilita una differenziazione tariffaria trasparente e orientata al design, migliora qualità e prevedibilità dei flussi, accorcia i cicli decisionali grazie a dati automatizzati e verificabili e, con il riuso integrato, aumenta i rendimenti di recupero riducendo i costi di fine vita. L’architettura di governance combinata, rinforzata dallo sviluppo tecnologico proposto, rafforza la fiducia lungo la catena e rende praticabile la scalabilità nazionale.
Implementing EU EPR regulations within a circular ecosystem for the italian furniture industry
Baltaro, Alessandro Giovanni
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis designs and evaluates an Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) model for Italy’s furniture sector through a circular ecosystem lens. It tackles four systemic gaps – fragmented coordination, thin data traceability, lack of harmonized eco-modulation metrics, and the disconnect between eco-design and real treatment/ logistics – by framing the EPR programme as a mission-oriented megaproject governed in stages under regulatory constraints. The first contribution is an eco-modulation framework built on a Recyclability Coefficient (RC) that combines material recyclability, disassemblability of joints, and durability/reuse. Computed from the bill of materials and joining techniques, the RC links design choices to differentiated fees and is supported by a product “digital-twin” environment that enables simplified LCA, redesign guidance, end-to-end traceability of waste generation, and audit-ready reporting. The second contribution is an inclusive, ecosystemic governance model articulated through a new phase model aligned with legislative timing. It clarifies roles and interfaces across producers, operators, public bodies and users, and sequences delivery, from regulatory set-up and pilots to scale-up and periodic reviews, so that data standards, service rules and incentives cohere before steady-state operations. The third contribution models the second-hand and reuse domain as an integral pillar of EPR: a shared platform, where producers and users interact, coordinates a national network of reuse, repair and reconditioning centres and gives disciplined outlets to unsold items. In this way, responsibility extends upstream and downstream, diverting high-value goods from disposal and linking field feedback to design and fee signals. Results show that applying the RC enables transparent, design-oriented fee differentiation; improves flow quality and predictability; shortens decision cycles through automated, verifiable data; and, with reuse integrated, raises recovery yields while lowering end-of-life costs. The combined governance architecture, enforced by the digital transition proposed, strengthens trust across the chain and makes national scale-up feasible.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_12_Baltaro_01.pdf
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2025_12_Baltaro_02.pdf
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Descrizione: Executive Summary
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/247289