In recent years, shopping centres have undergone a profound transformation: from places primarily intended for retail, they are now multifunctional ecosystems where shopping, entertainment and various services coexist. This process is part of a context in which the focus is on economic and environmental aspects: the growth of e-commerce, the crisis of traditional formats and the growing importance of ESG criteria require a profound review of management models. In this scenario, property management plays a crucial role in ensuring economic sustainability, operational efficiency and quality of experience. Digitalisation represents an opportunity to address these challenges, but theoretical and empirical research paints a critical picture: existing studies focus on specific aspects, such as customer experience, facility management or sustainability, without explaining how digital technologies can concretely support the activities of property managers. In addition, in the Italian context, the adoption of digital technology appears to be slower and more uneven than in other European models, mainly hampered by cultural, organisational and financial barriers. In light of these gaps, the research aims to investigate how digital solutions can optimise key property management activities in shopping centres, focusing in particular on three aspects: the level of implementation of digital technologies in key property management activities, the degree of alignment between strategic vision and operational practice in digital transformation, and the contribution of digital solutions to the optimisation of the four areas of value creation (facility management, marketing, contract and cost control, and energy efficiency). The ultimate goal is to build an interpretative framework that links property management activities to the four areas of value creation, identifying for each area the technologies that generate the most value today, or that may generate the most value in the future, paying particular attention to the importance of the level of alignment between strategic and operational management. The research is based on four phases. Firstly, a literature analysis was conducted to outline the state of the art of digitization in real estate and shopping malls, identifying trends and knowledge gaps. Subsequently, the primary empirical analysis was conducted through semi-structured interviews with strategic and operational professionals from Svicom S.p.A. Benefit and Savills. These interviews represent the original contribution of this study, complementing the sectoral analysis provided by IPN interviews (2024) and the IPN Steering Committee workshop (2025), which are used as contextual evidence. The results highlight that digitalisation in Italian shopping centres is still partial and uneven. Facility management and marketing activities are the most digitally mature, with widespread use of CAFM/BMS platforms, IoT, big data analytics, and web/mobile apps. In contrast, contract management, cost control, and energy monitoring remain poorly digitalised and fragmented. The interviews also confirm a mismatch between strategic and operational levels: while strategic managers emphasise the importance of digital technologies, operational staff focus on the need for structured feedback and involvement in decisions, usability and customisation of digital solutions. The analysis of recurrent barriers identifies four main critical issues: cultural resistance, digital skills shortage, difficulties of integration between systems, unclear return on investment and absence of shared KPIs to measure the impact of digital. At the same time, enabling levers emerge such as training, interoperability of systems and definition of common indicators to link operational efficiency, economic performance and sustainability. The research contributes to the literature by offering an updated picture of the digital maturity of the Italian real estate retail sector through a methodology that connects management activities, areas of value creation and digital technologies. In practice, the work shows where technologies produce tangible benefits (maintenance, communication with tenants, traceability of services) and where systemic interventions are needed (energy and cost management) and suggests that the true potential of PropTech lies not only in the availability of technologies, but in the ability of organizations to integrate them coherently, overcoming the boundaries between management levels. The transition from isolated initiatives to integrated strategies represents a necessary condition for transforming Italian shopping centres into more resilient and sustainable ecosystems.
Negli ultimi anni i centri commerciali hanno attraversato una profonda trasformazione: da luoghi destinati prevalentemente al retail, oggi sono ecosistemi multifunzionali in cui coesistono esperienze di acquisto, intrattenimento e diversi servizi. Questo processo si inserisce in un contesto in cui l’attenzione è posta su aspetti economici e ambientali: la crescita dell’e-commerce, la crisi dei formati tradizionali e la crescente rilevanza dei criteri ESG impongono una revisione profonda dei modelli di gestione. In questo scenario, il property management svolge un ruolo cruciale nel garantire sostenibilità economica, efficienza operativa e qualità dell’esperienza. La digitalizzazione rappresenta un’opportunità per affrontare queste sfide, ma le ricerche teoriche ed empiriche mostrano un quadro critico: gli studi esistenti si concentrano su aspetti specifici, come la customer experience, il facility management o la sostenibilità, senza spiegare come le tecnologie digitali possano supportare concretamente le attività del property manager. A questo si aggiunge che nel contesto italiano l’adozione del digitale appare più lenta e disomogenea rispetto ad altri modelli europei, ostacolata principalmente da barriere culturali, organizzative e finanziarie. Alla luce di queste lacune, la ricerca ha come obbiettivo quello di indagare come le soluzioni digitali possano ottimizzare le principali attività del property management nei centri commerciali, valutando in particolare tre aspetti: il livello di implementazione delle tecnologie digitali nelle principali attività del property management, il grado di allineamento tra visione strategica e pratica operativa nella trasformazione digitale e il contributo delle soluzioni digitali nell’ottimizzazione delle quattro aree di creazione del valore (gestione delle strutture, marketing, controllo contrattuale e dei costi e rendimento energetico). L’obiettivo finale è costruire un quadro interpretativo che colleghi le attività del property management alle quattro aree di creazione del valore individuando per ogni ambito le tecnologie che generano oggi, o che possono generare in futuro, il maggiore valore, facendo particolare attenzione all’importanza dell livello di allineamento tra gestione strategica e operativa. La ricerca si basa su quattro fasi. In primo luogo, è stata condotta un'analisi della letteratura per delineare lo stato dell'arte della digitalizzazione nel settore immobiliare e nei centri commerciali, identificando le tendenze e le lacune conoscitive. Successivamente, è stata condotta l'analisi empirica primaria attraverso interviste semi-strutturate con professionisti strategici e operativi di Svicom S.p.A. Benefit e Savills. Queste interviste rappresentano il contributo originale di questo studio, integrando l'analisi settoriale fornita dalle interviste IPN (2024) e dal workshop del Comitato direttivo IPN (2025), che sono utilizzati come prove contestuali. I risultati evidenziano che la digitalizzazione nei centri commerciali italiani è ancora parziale e disomogenea. Le attività di facility management e marketing sono quelle più mature dal punto di vista digitale, con un uso diffuso di piattaforme CAFM/BMS, IoT, analisi dei big data e app web/mobile. Al contrario, la gestione dei contratti, il controllo dei costi e il monitoraggio energetico rimangono poco digitalizzati e frammentati. Le interviste confermano inoltre un disallineamento tra il livello strategico e quello operativo: mentre i manager strategici sottolineano l'importanza delle tecnologie digitali, il personale operativo si concentra sulla necessità di un feedback strutturato e di un coinvolgimento nelle decisioni, sull'usabilità e sulla personalizzazione delle soluzioni digitali. L'analisi delle barriere ricorrenti identifica quattro questioni critiche principali: resistenza culturale, carenza di competenze digitali, difficoltà di integrazione tra i sistemi, ritorno sull'investimento poco chiaro e assenza di KPI condivisi per misurare l'impatto del digitale. Allo stesso tempo, emergono leve abilitanti quali la formazione, l'interoperabilità dei sistemi e la definizione di indicatori comuni per collegare l'efficienza operativa, la performance economica e la sostenibilità. La ricerca contribuisce alla letteratura offrendo un quadro aggiornato della maturità digitale del settore retail real estate italiano tramite una metodologia che connette attività gestionali, aree di creazione del valore e tecnologie digitali. Nel pratico, il lavoro mostra dove le tecnologie producono benefici tangibili (manutenzione, comunicazione con i tenant, tracciabilità dei servizi) e dove invece sono necessari interventi sistemici (energy e cost management) e suggerisce che il vero potenziale del PropTech non risiede solo nella disponibilità delle tecnologie, ma nella capacità delle organizzazioni di integrarle in modo coerente, superando i confini tra livelli gestionali. Il passaggio da iniziative isolate a strategie integrate rappresenta una condizione necessaria per trasformare i centri commerciali italiani in ecosistemi più resilienti e sostenibili.
Digital property management in shopping centres: how proptech solutions address strategic and operational issues
Sguazzi, Caterina
2025/2026
Abstract
In recent years, shopping centres have undergone a profound transformation: from places primarily intended for retail, they are now multifunctional ecosystems where shopping, entertainment and various services coexist. This process is part of a context in which the focus is on economic and environmental aspects: the growth of e-commerce, the crisis of traditional formats and the growing importance of ESG criteria require a profound review of management models. In this scenario, property management plays a crucial role in ensuring economic sustainability, operational efficiency and quality of experience. Digitalisation represents an opportunity to address these challenges, but theoretical and empirical research paints a critical picture: existing studies focus on specific aspects, such as customer experience, facility management or sustainability, without explaining how digital technologies can concretely support the activities of property managers. In addition, in the Italian context, the adoption of digital technology appears to be slower and more uneven than in other European models, mainly hampered by cultural, organisational and financial barriers. In light of these gaps, the research aims to investigate how digital solutions can optimise key property management activities in shopping centres, focusing in particular on three aspects: the level of implementation of digital technologies in key property management activities, the degree of alignment between strategic vision and operational practice in digital transformation, and the contribution of digital solutions to the optimisation of the four areas of value creation (facility management, marketing, contract and cost control, and energy efficiency). The ultimate goal is to build an interpretative framework that links property management activities to the four areas of value creation, identifying for each area the technologies that generate the most value today, or that may generate the most value in the future, paying particular attention to the importance of the level of alignment between strategic and operational management. The research is based on four phases. Firstly, a literature analysis was conducted to outline the state of the art of digitization in real estate and shopping malls, identifying trends and knowledge gaps. Subsequently, the primary empirical analysis was conducted through semi-structured interviews with strategic and operational professionals from Svicom S.p.A. Benefit and Savills. These interviews represent the original contribution of this study, complementing the sectoral analysis provided by IPN interviews (2024) and the IPN Steering Committee workshop (2025), which are used as contextual evidence. The results highlight that digitalisation in Italian shopping centres is still partial and uneven. Facility management and marketing activities are the most digitally mature, with widespread use of CAFM/BMS platforms, IoT, big data analytics, and web/mobile apps. In contrast, contract management, cost control, and energy monitoring remain poorly digitalised and fragmented. The interviews also confirm a mismatch between strategic and operational levels: while strategic managers emphasise the importance of digital technologies, operational staff focus on the need for structured feedback and involvement in decisions, usability and customisation of digital solutions. The analysis of recurrent barriers identifies four main critical issues: cultural resistance, digital skills shortage, difficulties of integration between systems, unclear return on investment and absence of shared KPIs to measure the impact of digital. At the same time, enabling levers emerge such as training, interoperability of systems and definition of common indicators to link operational efficiency, economic performance and sustainability. The research contributes to the literature by offering an updated picture of the digital maturity of the Italian real estate retail sector through a methodology that connects management activities, areas of value creation and digital technologies. In practice, the work shows where technologies produce tangible benefits (maintenance, communication with tenants, traceability of services) and where systemic interventions are needed (energy and cost management) and suggests that the true potential of PropTech lies not only in the availability of technologies, but in the ability of organizations to integrate them coherently, overcoming the boundaries between management levels. The transition from isolated initiatives to integrated strategies represents a necessary condition for transforming Italian shopping centres into more resilient and sustainable ecosystems.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/247331