For decades, civil engineering has been devoted to developing methods aimed at protecting buildings from the effects of seismic actions. Among these methods, base isolation is one of the most widely adopted solutions when it is required that a structure maintains full functionality after an earthquake, by preventing structural elements from entering the plastic range and minimising damage to both the structure and its contents. The adoption of such systems, which introduce a high concentrated non-linearity, entails greater analytical and design efforts. For this reason, several simplified approaches have been proposed over the years to approximate the behaviour of isolation devices and enable the use of conventional design methods. This thesis aims to propose and validate a hybrid approach that combines traditional analysis procedures with the modelling of base-isolated structures, allowing the design and analysis process to be treated similarly to that of conventional buildings. In particular, an equivalent linear structural model, subjected to the base excitation derived from the non-linear time-history analysis of the complete base-isolated system, is proposed and validated. By verifying and confirming the equivalence between the complete and the equivalent base-excited models, a method based on an equivalent response spectrum is proposed. This spectrum is obtained from the filtered base accelerations, which inherently account, thanks to the performed NLTH analysis, for the actual properties and behaviour of the isolation system. Subsequently, the advantages and limitations of the proposed method are analysed, with particular attention to its applicability in professional practice. The overall procedure is finally applied and validated through a detailed case study.
Per decenni, l’ingegneria civile si è dedicata allo sviluppo di metodi volti a proteggere gli edifici dagli effetti delle azioni sismiche. Tra questi, l’isolamento alla base è una delle soluzioni maggiormente adottate quando è richiesto che una struttura mantenga la piena funzionalità dopo un terremoto, impedendo agli elementi strutturali di entrare in campo plastico e riducendo al minimo i danni sia alla struttura sia al suo contenuto. L’adozione di tali sistemi, che introducono una concentrata ed elevata non linearità, comporta maggiori difficoltà dal punto di vista analitico e progettuale. Per questo motivo, nel corso degli anni sono stati proposti diversi approcci semplificati per approssimare il comportamento dei dispositivi di isolamento e consentire l’utilizzo dei metodi di progettazione convenzionali. La presente tesi si propone di introdurre e validare un approccio ibrido che combina le procedure di analisi tradizionale con la modellazione di strutture isolate alla base, consentendo di trattare il processo di progettazione e analisi in modo analogo a quello degli edifici convenzionali. In particolare, viene proposto e validato un modello strutturale lineare equivalente, soggetto all’accelerazione della base isolata derivante dall’analisi time-history non lineare del sistema isolato completo. Verificando e confermando l’equivalenza tra il modello completo e quello equivalente soggetto all'accelerazione della base isolata, viene proposto un metodo di analisi basato sullo spettro di risposta equivalente. Questo spettro è costruito partendo dalle accelerazioni filtrate della base, che tengono intrinsecamente conto, grazie all'eseguita NLTH analisi, delle proprietà e del comportamento effettivo del sistema di isolamento. Successivamente, vengono analizzati i vantaggi e le limitazioni del metodo proposto, con particolare attenzione alla sua applicabilità nella pratica professionale. L’intera procedura è infine applicata e validata attraverso un caso studio dettagliato.
An equivalent response spectrum method for base isolated structures
Locatelli, Nicola
2024/2025
Abstract
For decades, civil engineering has been devoted to developing methods aimed at protecting buildings from the effects of seismic actions. Among these methods, base isolation is one of the most widely adopted solutions when it is required that a structure maintains full functionality after an earthquake, by preventing structural elements from entering the plastic range and minimising damage to both the structure and its contents. The adoption of such systems, which introduce a high concentrated non-linearity, entails greater analytical and design efforts. For this reason, several simplified approaches have been proposed over the years to approximate the behaviour of isolation devices and enable the use of conventional design methods. This thesis aims to propose and validate a hybrid approach that combines traditional analysis procedures with the modelling of base-isolated structures, allowing the design and analysis process to be treated similarly to that of conventional buildings. In particular, an equivalent linear structural model, subjected to the base excitation derived from the non-linear time-history analysis of the complete base-isolated system, is proposed and validated. By verifying and confirming the equivalence between the complete and the equivalent base-excited models, a method based on an equivalent response spectrum is proposed. This spectrum is obtained from the filtered base accelerations, which inherently account, thanks to the performed NLTH analysis, for the actual properties and behaviour of the isolation system. Subsequently, the advantages and limitations of the proposed method are analysed, with particular attention to its applicability in professional practice. The overall procedure is finally applied and validated through a detailed case study.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/247354