The next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) must be searched with new cathode material other than the well-known layered oxides. The use of disorder rock salt (DRX) materials is promising as it can hold a large amount of charge through a combination of cationic redox (from transition metals) and ionic (from oxygen) redox reactions. However, their application is constrained by two major issues, i.e., the difficultly of synthesizing a pure-phase materials and their low natural electronic conductivities. In order to address them this thesis uses Li-Ni-Ti-O DRX materials as model prepares both pristine and F-Contained materials using solid-state reaction and evaluate them with extensive electrochemical measurements. The sample with the highest capacity was the carbon-coated, F-contained sample that was prepared at 850°C under atmosphere gas for 10h. Higher calcination temperature worsened the performance which was likely due to material shifting to the disordered phase. The major finding is that proper annealing temperature, fluoride incorporation, and the presence of conductive coating layer are important for achieving good electrochemical performance. The study provides some guidelines in synthesis of DRX cathodes with promising electrochemical performance in future.
Le batterie agli ioni di litio (LIB) di nuova generazione devono essere studiate con nuovi materiali catodici diversi dai noti ossidi stratificati. L'uso di materiali a base di salgemma disordinato (DRX) è promettente in quanto può trattenere una grande quantità di carica attraverso una combinazione di reazioni redox cationiche (da metalli di transizione) e ioniche (da ossigeno). Tuttavia, la loro applicazione è limitata da due problemi principali, ovvero la difficoltà di sintetizzare materiali in fase pura e la loro bassa conduttività elettronica naturale. Per affrontare questi problemi, questa tesi utilizza i materiali DRX Li-Ni-Ti-O come modello per preparare materiali sia puri che contenenti fluoro utilizzando una reazione allo stato solido e valutarli con ampie misurazioni elettrochimiche. Il campione con la capacità più elevata è stato il campione rivestito di carbonio e contenente fluoro, preparato a 850 °C in atmosfera di gas per 10 ore. Una temperatura di calcinazione più elevata ha peggiorato le prestazioni, probabilmente a causa dello spostamento del materiale verso la fase disordinata. La scoperta principale è che una corretta temperatura di ricottura, l'incorporazione di fluoruro e la presenza di uno strato di rivestimento conduttivo sono importanti per ottenere buone prestazioni elettrochimiche. Lo studio fornisce alcune linee guida per la sintesi di catodi DRX con promettenti prestazioni elettrochimiche in futuro.
Structure and charge compensation mechanism in fluorinated ni-ti disordered rock salts materials with carbon coating
RAJULADEV, VISHAL
2024/2025
Abstract
The next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) must be searched with new cathode material other than the well-known layered oxides. The use of disorder rock salt (DRX) materials is promising as it can hold a large amount of charge through a combination of cationic redox (from transition metals) and ionic (from oxygen) redox reactions. However, their application is constrained by two major issues, i.e., the difficultly of synthesizing a pure-phase materials and their low natural electronic conductivities. In order to address them this thesis uses Li-Ni-Ti-O DRX materials as model prepares both pristine and F-Contained materials using solid-state reaction and evaluate them with extensive electrochemical measurements. The sample with the highest capacity was the carbon-coated, F-contained sample that was prepared at 850°C under atmosphere gas for 10h. Higher calcination temperature worsened the performance which was likely due to material shifting to the disordered phase. The major finding is that proper annealing temperature, fluoride incorporation, and the presence of conductive coating layer are important for achieving good electrochemical performance. The study provides some guidelines in synthesis of DRX cathodes with promising electrochemical performance in future.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2025_Rajuladev_Vishal_Thesis_DRX Cathodes.pdf
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Descrizione: Structure and Charge Compensation Mechanisms in Fluorinated Ni–Ti Disordered Rocksalt Materials with Carbon Coating
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/247358