Smart metering sector, an important application of the Internet of Things, is transforming the way we monitor utility consumption data. Ensuring accurate remote reading of smart meters requires a reliable telecommunications network capable of covering large areas. Among the various LPWAN solutions, LoRaWAN stands out for its ability to cover long distances with reduced energy consumption. This thesis, conducted in collaboration with A2A Smart City, analyzes and compares the radio performance of a sample of smart water meters from different manufacturers. Experimental tests were conducted in three different controlled scenarios—a test bench, a metal cabinet, and a concrete manhole—and the results were subsequently compared with data collected from the meter field in the municipalities of Brescia and Ospitaletto. The analysis focused on key parameters such as RSSI, SNR, SF, and the number of transmitted messages. The results revealed significant differences between brands and scenarios, in which the presence of shielding elements impacted telecommunications. The comparison with real data partially confirmed the results obtained from the tests: some brands had consistent performance, while others showed better performance in the real case. Overall, the study highlights the importance of considering device-specific characteristics, environmental conditions, and network planning strategies to ensure reliable communications in large-scale smart metering deployments.
Il settore dello smart metering, un'importante applicazione dell'Internet of Things, sta trasformando il modo di monitorare i dati sui consumi delle utenze. Per garantire la corretta telelettura dei contatori smart è necessario disporre di una rete di telecomunicazioni affidabile capace di coprire ampi territori. Tra le diverse soluzioni LPWAN, LoRaWAN si distingue per la sua capacità di coprire lunghe distanze con consumi energetici ridotti. Questa tesi, svolta con la collaborazione di A2A Smart City, analizza e confronta le prestazioni radio di un campione di contatori idrici intelligenti di diversi costruttori. Sono stati condotti dei test sperimentali in tre diversi scenari controllati - banco prova, armadio metallico e pozzetto in cemento - e i risultati sono stati successivamente confrontati con i dati raccolti dal campo meter dei comuni di Brescia e Ospitaletto. L’analisi si è concentrata su parametri chiave quali RSSI, SNR, SF e numero di messaggi trasmessi. Dai risultati emergono differenze significative tra i brand e gli scenari, in cui la presenza di elementi schermanti ha penalizzato la telecomunicazione. Il confronto con i dati reali ha parzialmente confermato i risultati ottenuti dai test: alcuni brand hanno avuto prestazioni coerenti, mentre altri hanno mostrato migliori performance nel caso reale. Nel complesso, lo studio evidenzia l’importanza di considerare le caratteristiche specifiche dei dispositivi, le condizioni ambientali e le strategie di pianificazione della rete per garantire comunicazioni affidabili nelle implementazioni su larga scala di smart metering.
Comparative performance analysis of LoRaWAN smart water meters in controlled and real-world environments
Melandri, Laura
2024/2025
Abstract
Smart metering sector, an important application of the Internet of Things, is transforming the way we monitor utility consumption data. Ensuring accurate remote reading of smart meters requires a reliable telecommunications network capable of covering large areas. Among the various LPWAN solutions, LoRaWAN stands out for its ability to cover long distances with reduced energy consumption. This thesis, conducted in collaboration with A2A Smart City, analyzes and compares the radio performance of a sample of smart water meters from different manufacturers. Experimental tests were conducted in three different controlled scenarios—a test bench, a metal cabinet, and a concrete manhole—and the results were subsequently compared with data collected from the meter field in the municipalities of Brescia and Ospitaletto. The analysis focused on key parameters such as RSSI, SNR, SF, and the number of transmitted messages. The results revealed significant differences between brands and scenarios, in which the presence of shielding elements impacted telecommunications. The comparison with real data partially confirmed the results obtained from the tests: some brands had consistent performance, while others showed better performance in the real case. Overall, the study highlights the importance of considering device-specific characteristics, environmental conditions, and network planning strategies to ensure reliable communications in large-scale smart metering deployments.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/247362