In the shifting tides of the 21st century, the North Sea stands as both a monument to industrial ambition and a stage upon which the geopolitics of energy, environment, and national identity continue to unfold. Once the engine of Europe’s fossil-fuel economy, this vast and often invisible maritime territory is now at the centre of a global transition towards decarbonisation and the 2050 Net Zero targets. Scattered across its depths are colossal offshore platforms — architectural artefacts of a carbon-driven era — that embody not only human ingenuity but also the ecological and political costs of progress. Among them, the Frigg Field holds particular significance: a transboundary gas field straddling the maritime border between the United Kingdom and Norway, a place where engineering ambition and diplomatic negotiation were fused in steel and concrete. The thesis reimagines the afterlife of these industrial giants. The thesis asks what comes after the fossil fuel era—how these infrastructures, once symbols of extraction and geopolitical power, might be reinterpreted as catalysts for cooperation, regeneration, and new forms of inhabitation at sea. The North Sea, traditionally seen as a frontier of competition and resource exploitation, is recast here as a shared landscape of opportunity and transformation. The project proposes a two-phase adaptive strategy for the Frigg Field, aligning with the 2050 Net Zero goal and broader European decarbonisation agendas. The first phase envisions Frigg as a renewable energy and marine research centre, reusing its existing platforms to host hybrid systems of wind, wave, and tidal generation. These installations would serve as a joint research and innovation hub between the UK and Norway — a new form of cross-border cooperation that transforms former industrial rivalry into scientific and environmental partnership. The second phase imagines the site’s gradual transformation into a heritage and cultural landscape, where the monumental remnants of the oil age become markers of collective memory. The structures would be preserved in part as museums, observation stations, and oceanic archives, narrating the history of extraction while engaging with the evolving ecological and social realities of the North Sea. Over time, Frigg would shift from a productive to a reflective infrastructure—an architectural palimpsest embodying the region’s transition from industrial dominance to sustainable coexistence. The geopolitical dynamic remains central to this exploration. Frigg’s position between two nations foregrounds questions of sovereignty, shared responsibility, and environmental governance. The project situates architecture as a mediator between political boundaries and ecological continuities, proposing spatial frameworks that encourage cooperation over ownership. Ultimately, Frigg’s Adaptive Future presents the North Sea as a new kind of urban and political frontier — an extended territory where energy, ecology, and diplomacy intersect. Through the reimagination of decommissioned platforms, the thesis proposes not only an adaptive reuse strategy but also a broader rethinking of humanity’s relationship with the sea: from the extraction of resources to the cultivation of shared futures.
Nel flusso mutevole del XXI secolo, il Mare del Nord si erge sia come monumento all’ambizione industriale sia come palcoscenico sul quale continuano a intrecciarsi le geopolitiche dell’energia, dell’ambiente e dell’identità nazionale. Un tempo motore dell’economia fossile europea, questo vasto e spesso invisibile territorio marittimo si trova oggi al centro di una transizione globale verso la decarbonizzazione e gli obiettivi di neutralità climatica del 2050. Sparse nelle sue profondità si trovano colossali piattaforme offshore — artefatti architettonici di un’epoca alimentata dal carbonio — che incarnano non solo l’ingegno umano, ma anche i costi ecologici e politici del progresso. Tra queste, il giacimento di Frigg riveste un’importanza particolare: un campo di gas transfrontaliero che si estende lungo il confine marittimo tra il Regno Unito e la Norvegia, luogo in cui l’ambizione ingegneristica e la negoziazione diplomatica si sono fuse nell’acciaio e nel cemento. La tesi reimmagina la vita successiva di questi giganti industriali e si interroga su cosa avvenga dopo l’era dei combustibili fossili: come queste infrastrutture, un tempo simboli di estrazione e di potere geopolitico, possano essere reinterpretate come catalizzatori di cooperazione, rigenerazione e nuove forme di abitabilità marina. Il Mare del Nord, tradizionalmente considerato una frontiera di competizione ed estrazione di risorse, viene qui riletto come un paesaggio condiviso di opportunità e trasformazione. Il progetto propone una strategia adattiva in due fasi per il giacimento di Frigg, in linea con l’obiettivo Net Zero 2050 e con le più ampie agende europee di decarbonizzazione. La prima fase immagina Frigg come un centro per le energie rinnovabili e la ricerca marina, riutilizzando le piattaforme esistenti per ospitare sistemi ibridi di produzione eolica, ondosa e mareomotrice. Queste installazioni fungerebbero da polo congiunto di ricerca e innovazione tra Regno Unito e Norvegia — una nuova forma di cooperazione transfrontaliera che trasforma l’antica rivalità industriale in una partnership scientifica e ambientale. La seconda fase prevede la trasformazione graduale del sito in un paesaggio culturale e di memoria, in cui i resti monumentali dell’era del petrolio diventino segni di una memoria collettiva. Le strutture sarebbero parzialmente conservate come musei, stazioni di osservazione e archivi oceanici, raccontando la storia dell’estrazione e confrontandosi con le nuove realtà ecologiche e sociali del Mare del Nord. Con il passare del tempo, Frigg evolverebbe da infrastruttura produttiva a infrastruttura riflessiva — un palinsesto architettonico che incarna la transizione della regione dal dominio industriale alla coesistenza sostenibile. La dinamica geopolitica rimane centrale in questa esplorazione. La posizione di Frigg tra due nazioni pone in primo piano questioni di sovranità, responsabilità condivisa e governance ambientale. Il progetto colloca l’architettura come mediatore tra confini politici e continuità ecologiche, proponendo quadri spaziali che privilegiano la cooperazione rispetto alla proprietà. In ultima analisi, Frigg’s Adaptive Future presenta il Mare del Nord come una nuova frontiera urbana e politica — un territorio esteso in cui energia, ecologia e diplomazia si intersecano. Attraverso la reinterpretazione delle piattaforme dismesse, la tesi propone non solo una strategia di riuso adattivo, ma anche una più ampia riflessione sul rapporto dell’umanità con il mare: dal prelievo delle risorse alla costruzione di futuri condivisi.
Where the sea divides : beyond fossil fuels in the North Sea - Frigg's adaptive future
Tam, Yue
2024/2025
Abstract
In the shifting tides of the 21st century, the North Sea stands as both a monument to industrial ambition and a stage upon which the geopolitics of energy, environment, and national identity continue to unfold. Once the engine of Europe’s fossil-fuel economy, this vast and often invisible maritime territory is now at the centre of a global transition towards decarbonisation and the 2050 Net Zero targets. Scattered across its depths are colossal offshore platforms — architectural artefacts of a carbon-driven era — that embody not only human ingenuity but also the ecological and political costs of progress. Among them, the Frigg Field holds particular significance: a transboundary gas field straddling the maritime border between the United Kingdom and Norway, a place where engineering ambition and diplomatic negotiation were fused in steel and concrete. The thesis reimagines the afterlife of these industrial giants. The thesis asks what comes after the fossil fuel era—how these infrastructures, once symbols of extraction and geopolitical power, might be reinterpreted as catalysts for cooperation, regeneration, and new forms of inhabitation at sea. The North Sea, traditionally seen as a frontier of competition and resource exploitation, is recast here as a shared landscape of opportunity and transformation. The project proposes a two-phase adaptive strategy for the Frigg Field, aligning with the 2050 Net Zero goal and broader European decarbonisation agendas. The first phase envisions Frigg as a renewable energy and marine research centre, reusing its existing platforms to host hybrid systems of wind, wave, and tidal generation. These installations would serve as a joint research and innovation hub between the UK and Norway — a new form of cross-border cooperation that transforms former industrial rivalry into scientific and environmental partnership. The second phase imagines the site’s gradual transformation into a heritage and cultural landscape, where the monumental remnants of the oil age become markers of collective memory. The structures would be preserved in part as museums, observation stations, and oceanic archives, narrating the history of extraction while engaging with the evolving ecological and social realities of the North Sea. Over time, Frigg would shift from a productive to a reflective infrastructure—an architectural palimpsest embodying the region’s transition from industrial dominance to sustainable coexistence. The geopolitical dynamic remains central to this exploration. Frigg’s position between two nations foregrounds questions of sovereignty, shared responsibility, and environmental governance. The project situates architecture as a mediator between political boundaries and ecological continuities, proposing spatial frameworks that encourage cooperation over ownership. Ultimately, Frigg’s Adaptive Future presents the North Sea as a new kind of urban and political frontier — an extended territory where energy, ecology, and diplomacy intersect. Through the reimagination of decommissioned platforms, the thesis proposes not only an adaptive reuse strategy but also a broader rethinking of humanity’s relationship with the sea: from the extraction of resources to the cultivation of shared futures.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/247416