Today, in the 21st century, the world has changed; it is a hybrid, mutant body. The research addresses the contemporary condition as a systemic crisis affecting the environment, culture, and the very perception of humanity. Climate change, the loss of biodiversity, and the increasing technicization of the world make it clear that we have entered an era in which the human footprint manifests itself as a planetary force: the Anthropocene. This term, coined to describe the set of effects generated by human action on the Earth system, has over time become a theoretical device capable of questioning the modern separation between nature and culture, between the living and the artificial. However, as authors such as Jason W. Moore and Donna Haraway point out, the notion of the Anthropocene risks attributing indistinct responsibility to the entire human species, obscuring the economic and technological logics that have determined its imbalances. The research therefore also adopts the perspectives of the Capitalocene and the Machinocene, which allow us to understand the planetary crisis as the result of specific systems of production, extraction, and technical mediation. In this context, design is interpreted as a cognitive and political practice, capable of questioning the relationships between matter, environment, and society. The focus is on textiles, understood as an archetypal activity of transforming nature into culture: a technical and symbolic gesture that runs through human history and, in the contemporary context, becomes a critical tool for rethinking the sustainability of production systems. The Biella wool district, chosen as a case study, represents a paradigmatic territory in which manufacturing tradition, technological experimentation, and environmental issues intertwine in a fragile but fertile balance. Carded wool, Biella's signature material, thus becomes a medium for reflection on the relationship between ecology, industry, and material culture. Speculative design is used as a methodological key to investigate and represent these tensions. Far from proposing functional solutions, it acts as a critical practice capable of generating scenarios and objects that make the contradictions of the present visible, stimulating reflection on the responsibility of design in the Anthropocene era. Through the analysis of significant case studies, from the Broken Nature exhibition (Triennale di Milano, 2019) to the works of authors such as Kurant, Meindertsma, Barker, Ginsberg, and Nova, with his A Bestiary of the Anthropocene (2021), the research identifies four fundamental parameters that articulate the speculative action of design: destabilization of the visible, re-signification, new role of the user, and new role of technology. These criteria, read in a comparative key, form the basis of a design matrix that translates theoretical principles into an operational language. This matrix forms the basis for the project Non-human Anthropocene. Ecologies of carded wool from Biella: a series of transformations of carded wool that embody the different combinations of the parameters analyzed. Each form is a critical design outcome, a possible variation in the relationship between humans, matter, and the environment, in which the textile fiber becomes a device for reflection and an archive of transformations. These entities, treated as “species” in a contemporary bestiary, do not represent real animals but conceptual organisms that translate the logic of the matrix into visual and tactile form. In analogy with the cognitive function of medieval bestiaries, the project proposes a speculative taxonomy that does not classify but questions. Each ‘animal’ becomes an expression of a unique relationship between destabilisation, meaning, use and technology. The set of transformations thus generates a design ecosystem in which carded wool becomes testimonial material and a tool for critical imagination. Finally, the work aims to overturn the anthropocentric paradigm, proposing a non-human ecology of Biella carded wool. Wool, a living and relational material, becomes an agent of thought and a sensitive interlocutor, capable of restoring a vision of design as a practice of listening, coexistence, and responsibility towards the territory and its materials.
Oggi, nel XXI secolo, il mondo è cambiato, è un corpo ibrido, mutante. La ricerca affronta la condizione contemporanea come una crisi sistemica che investe l’ambiente, la cultura e la percezione stessa dell’umano. Le trasformazioni climatiche, la perdita di biodiversità e la crescente tecnicizzazione del mondo rendono evidente l’ingresso in un’epoca in cui l’impronta dell’uomo si manifesta come forza planetaria: l’Antropocene. Questo termine, nato per descrivere l’insieme degli effetti generati dall’azione umana sul sistema Terra, è divenuto nel tempo un dispositivo teorico capace di mettere in discussione la separazione moderna tra natura e cultura, tra vivente e artificiale. Tuttavia, come evidenziano autori quali Jason W. Moore e Donna Haraway, la nozione di Antropocene rischia di attribuire responsabilità indistinte all’intera specie umana, occultando le logiche economiche e tecnologiche che ne hanno determinato gli squilibri. La ricerca adotta pertanto anche le prospettive del Capitalocene e del Machinocene, che permettono di comprendere la crisi planetaria come esito di specifici sistemi di produzione, estrazione e mediazione tecnica. In questo contesto, il design è interpretato come pratica conoscitiva e politica, capace di interrogare le relazioni tra materia, ambiente e società. L’attenzione si concentra sul tessile, inteso come attività archetipica di trasformazione della natura in cultura: un gesto tecnico e simbolico che attraversa la storia dell’umanità e che, nel contesto contemporaneo, diventa strumento critico per ripensare la sostenibilità dei sistemi produttivi. Il distretto laniero biellese, scelto come caso di studio, rappresenta un territorio paradigmatico in cui la tradizione manifatturiera, la sperimentazione tecnologica e le criticità ambientali si intrecciano in un equilibrio fragile ma fertile. La lana cardata, materiale identitario di Biella, diviene così medium di una riflessione sul rapporto tra ecologia, industria e cultura materiale. Il design speculativo viene assunto come chiave metodologica per indagare e rappresentare queste tensioni. Lungi dal proporre soluzioni funzionali, esso agisce come pratica critica capace di generare scenari e oggetti che rendono visibili le contraddizioni del presente, stimolando una riflessione sulla responsabilità del progetto nell’era dell’Antropocene. Attraverso l’analisi di casi studio significativi, dalla mostra Broken Nature (Triennale di Milano, 2019) alle opere di autori come Kurant, Meindertsma, Barker, Ginsberg e Nova, con il suo A Bestiary of the Anthropocene (2021), la ricerca individua quattro parametri fondamentali che articolano l’azione speculativa del design: destabilizzazione del visibile, ri-significazione, nuovo ruolo dell’utente e nuovo ruolo della tecnologia. Questi criteri, letti in chiave comparativa, costituiscono la base di una matrice progettuale che traduce i principi teorici in un linguaggio operativo. A partire da questa matrice prende forma il progetto Antropocene non-umano. Ecologie del cardato biellese: un insieme di trasformazioni di lana cardata che incarnano le differenti combinazioni dei parametri analizzati. Ciascuna forma è un esito progettuale critico, una variazione possibile del rapporto tra umano, materia e ambiente, in cui la fibra tessile diventa dispositivo di riflessione e archivio di trasformazioni. Queste entità, trattate come “specie” di un bestiario contemporaneo, non rappresentano animali reali ma organismi concettuali che traducono in forma visiva e tattile la logica della matrice. In analogia con la funzione conoscitiva dei bestiari medievali, il progetto propone una tassonomia speculativa che non classifica, ma interroga. Ogni “animale” diventa espressione di una relazione singolare tra destabilizzazione, senso, uso e tecnologia. L’insieme delle trasformazioni genera così un ecosistema progettuale in cui il cardato si fa materia testimoniale e strumento di immaginazione critica. Il lavoro si pone infine l’obiettivo di ribaltare il paradigma antropocentrico, proponendo una ecologia del cardato biellese in chiave non-umana. La lana, materia viva e relazionale, diventa agente di pensiero e interlocutore sensibile, capace di restituire una visione del design come pratica di ascolto, di coesistenza e di responsabilità verso il territorio e le sue materie.
Antropocene non-umano : ecologie del cardato biellese : un territorio antropocenico narrato da specie non-umane
Lombardi, Vanessa
2024/2025
Abstract
Today, in the 21st century, the world has changed; it is a hybrid, mutant body. The research addresses the contemporary condition as a systemic crisis affecting the environment, culture, and the very perception of humanity. Climate change, the loss of biodiversity, and the increasing technicization of the world make it clear that we have entered an era in which the human footprint manifests itself as a planetary force: the Anthropocene. This term, coined to describe the set of effects generated by human action on the Earth system, has over time become a theoretical device capable of questioning the modern separation between nature and culture, between the living and the artificial. However, as authors such as Jason W. Moore and Donna Haraway point out, the notion of the Anthropocene risks attributing indistinct responsibility to the entire human species, obscuring the economic and technological logics that have determined its imbalances. The research therefore also adopts the perspectives of the Capitalocene and the Machinocene, which allow us to understand the planetary crisis as the result of specific systems of production, extraction, and technical mediation. In this context, design is interpreted as a cognitive and political practice, capable of questioning the relationships between matter, environment, and society. The focus is on textiles, understood as an archetypal activity of transforming nature into culture: a technical and symbolic gesture that runs through human history and, in the contemporary context, becomes a critical tool for rethinking the sustainability of production systems. The Biella wool district, chosen as a case study, represents a paradigmatic territory in which manufacturing tradition, technological experimentation, and environmental issues intertwine in a fragile but fertile balance. Carded wool, Biella's signature material, thus becomes a medium for reflection on the relationship between ecology, industry, and material culture. Speculative design is used as a methodological key to investigate and represent these tensions. Far from proposing functional solutions, it acts as a critical practice capable of generating scenarios and objects that make the contradictions of the present visible, stimulating reflection on the responsibility of design in the Anthropocene era. Through the analysis of significant case studies, from the Broken Nature exhibition (Triennale di Milano, 2019) to the works of authors such as Kurant, Meindertsma, Barker, Ginsberg, and Nova, with his A Bestiary of the Anthropocene (2021), the research identifies four fundamental parameters that articulate the speculative action of design: destabilization of the visible, re-signification, new role of the user, and new role of technology. These criteria, read in a comparative key, form the basis of a design matrix that translates theoretical principles into an operational language. This matrix forms the basis for the project Non-human Anthropocene. Ecologies of carded wool from Biella: a series of transformations of carded wool that embody the different combinations of the parameters analyzed. Each form is a critical design outcome, a possible variation in the relationship between humans, matter, and the environment, in which the textile fiber becomes a device for reflection and an archive of transformations. These entities, treated as “species” in a contemporary bestiary, do not represent real animals but conceptual organisms that translate the logic of the matrix into visual and tactile form. In analogy with the cognitive function of medieval bestiaries, the project proposes a speculative taxonomy that does not classify but questions. Each ‘animal’ becomes an expression of a unique relationship between destabilisation, meaning, use and technology. The set of transformations thus generates a design ecosystem in which carded wool becomes testimonial material and a tool for critical imagination. Finally, the work aims to overturn the anthropocentric paradigm, proposing a non-human ecology of Biella carded wool. Wool, a living and relational material, becomes an agent of thought and a sensitive interlocutor, capable of restoring a vision of design as a practice of listening, coexistence, and responsibility towards the territory and its materials.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Antropocene non-umano. Ecologie del cardato biellese_VANESSA LOMBARDI_10794900.pdf
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Descrizione: Antropocene non-umano. Ecologie del cardato biellese Un territorio antropocenico narrato da specie non umane.
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/247544