China’s rapid online food-delivery growth has intensified last-mile congestion and site-access frictions that undermine timely, reliable rider handovers. Drone delivery, short aerial hops with kiosk/locker handovers, can bypass ground bottlenecks and standardize pickup. This study examines what drives consumer acceptance of drone-based food delivery in Chinese cities and under which contexts it creates the most value. Prior work often relies on generic, first-order acceptance models, aggregates perceived risk, and describes rather than operationalizes delivery-place accessibility, obscuring how specific benefit/risk facets combine with built-environment effects. This research addresses these limitations by surveying active users in China (N=276) and modeling acceptance with covariance-based SEM. Behavioral intention, the likelihood of using drone-based meal delivery when available, is explained by Perceived Benefits as a higher-order construct (speed expectation, process convenience, environmental benefit expectation, hedonic, price-value, contact-free handover, social influence) and Perceived Risks as a bundle (safety, privacy, noise, compensation). In the customer-acceptance model, Location Accessibility Constraints (LAC) are modeled upstream; age, order frequency, and prior exposure are controls. Results show a benefits-dominant mechanism: perceived benefits are the main pathway to intention, and the model explains about 86% of its variance. LAC raises perceived benefits and thereby strengthens intention, with greatest value in high-friction settings. Facet decomposition indicates that speed expectation contributes about 26% of the total benefits pathway, while environmental benefit expectation and process convenience contribute about 19% and 17%, respectively. Prior exposure is associated with lower perceived benefits on average, but its interaction with LAC is positive, weakening benefits in easy-access settings while strengthening them where access constraints are high.
La rapida crescita del mercato cinese del food delivery ha intensificato la congestione dell’ultimo miglio e le difficoltà di accesso ai luoghi di consegna, compromettendo la tempestività e l’affidabilità delle operazioni di handover effettuate dai rider. La consegna tramite droni, basata su brevi tratte aeree e su punti di ritiro dedicati come chioschi o locker, consente di aggirare i colli di bottiglia a terra e di standardizzare il processo di ritiro. Questa tesi analizza i fattori che guidano l’accettazione da parte dei consumatori della consegna di cibo tramite droni nelle città cinesi e i contesti in cui tale soluzione è in grado di generare valore. La letteratura esistente si basa spesso su modelli di accettazione generici e di primo ordine, aggrega le diverse dimensioni del rischio percepito e tratta in modo descrittivo le condizioni di accessibilità dei luoghi di consegna, limitando la comprensione delle interazioni tra benefici, rischi e ambiente costruito. Per superare tali limiti, la ricerca si fonda su un’indagine condotta su utenti attivi di piattaforme di food delivery in Cina (N=276) e utilizza la Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling. L’intenzione comportamentale è spiegata attraverso i Benefici Percepiti, modellati come costrutto di ordine superiore, e i Rischi Percepiti, considerati come un insieme di dimensioni correlate. I Vincoli di Accessibilità del Luogo di Consegna (Location Accessibility Constraints, LAC) sono modellati come fattori a monte, mentre età, frequenza d’ordine ed esposizione pregressa alla tecnologia sono incluse come variabili di controllo. I risultati mostrano un meccanismo dominato dai benefici percepiti, che rappresentano il principale canale di influenza sull’intenzione comportamentale, con una varianza spiegata pari a circa l’86%. I LAC incrementano i benefici percepiti e rafforzano indirettamente l’intenzione di utilizzo, soprattutto nei contesti caratterizzati da elevata frizione di accesso. Le aspettative di velocità costituiscono il contributo principale ai benefici complessivi, seguite dal beneficio ambientale e dalla convenienza del processo di consegna; l’esposizione pregressa alla tecnologia interagisce positivamente con i LAC nei contesti più vincolati.
Determinants of customer acceptance of drone-based food delivery services
Colli, Matteo
2025/2026
Abstract
China’s rapid online food-delivery growth has intensified last-mile congestion and site-access frictions that undermine timely, reliable rider handovers. Drone delivery, short aerial hops with kiosk/locker handovers, can bypass ground bottlenecks and standardize pickup. This study examines what drives consumer acceptance of drone-based food delivery in Chinese cities and under which contexts it creates the most value. Prior work often relies on generic, first-order acceptance models, aggregates perceived risk, and describes rather than operationalizes delivery-place accessibility, obscuring how specific benefit/risk facets combine with built-environment effects. This research addresses these limitations by surveying active users in China (N=276) and modeling acceptance with covariance-based SEM. Behavioral intention, the likelihood of using drone-based meal delivery when available, is explained by Perceived Benefits as a higher-order construct (speed expectation, process convenience, environmental benefit expectation, hedonic, price-value, contact-free handover, social influence) and Perceived Risks as a bundle (safety, privacy, noise, compensation). In the customer-acceptance model, Location Accessibility Constraints (LAC) are modeled upstream; age, order frequency, and prior exposure are controls. Results show a benefits-dominant mechanism: perceived benefits are the main pathway to intention, and the model explains about 86% of its variance. LAC raises perceived benefits and thereby strengthens intention, with greatest value in high-friction settings. Facet decomposition indicates that speed expectation contributes about 26% of the total benefits pathway, while environmental benefit expectation and process convenience contribute about 19% and 17%, respectively. Prior exposure is associated with lower perceived benefits on average, but its interaction with LAC is positive, weakening benefits in easy-access settings while strengthening them where access constraints are high.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/251090