The loss of hand functionality significantly compromises quality of daily life. In order to promote the recovery of lost function and consequently improve the patient’s quality of life, it is necessary to undertake a systematic and continuous rehabilitation program based on exercises specifically aimed at the partial or total restoration of motor abilities. However, rehabilitation activities typically require the assistance of qualified physiotherapists, the use of often expensive equipment, and, most importantly, continuity over time. Indeed, to increase the probability of functional recovery, exercises must be performed consistently and without prolonged interruptions. For this reason, the present thesis focuses on the design and development of a lightweight and comfortable device that allows patients to carry out therapy directly at home, while maintaining high levels of effectiveness and repeatability over time. The device must therefore primarily ensure reliability, understood as operational consistency, mechanical stability, and precision in the execution of rehabilitative movements. In order to keep costs contained, easily accessible and replicable materials and manufacturing techniques were selected. The exoskeleton structure was designed and prototyped using 3D modeling software, while its physical realization was achieved through 3D printing. The actuation system was implemented using linear servomotors, with motion transmission achieved through cable mechanisms. The actuators are controlled by an Arduino board, which receives commands from a Unity-based virtual reality interface. The latter was designed to create an immersive environment for the patient, with the aim of increasing engagement and, consequently, enhancing the effectiveness of the rehabilitation treatment.
La perdita della funzionalità della mano compromette significativamente la qualità della vita quotidiana. Per favorire il recupero della funzionalità perduta e migliorare, di conseguenza, la qualità di vita del paziente, è necessario intraprendere un percorso riabilitativo sistematico e continuativo, basato su esercizi mirati al ripristino parziale o totale delle capacità motorie. Lo svolgimento dell’attività riabilitativa richiede tuttavia l’assistenza di fisioterapisti qualificati, l’utilizzo di strumentazione spesso costosa e, soprattutto, la garanzia di continuità nel tempo. Per aumentare la probabilità di recupero funzionale, infatti, è fondamentale che gli esercizi vengano eseguiti in modo sistematico e senza interruzioni prolungate. Per questo motivo, la presente tesi si concentra sulla progettazione e realizzazione di un dispositivo confortevole e leggero, che consenta al paziente di svolgere la terapia direttamente presso la propria abitazione, mantenendo elevati livelli di efficacia e ripetibilità dell’esercizio nel tempo. Il dispositivo deve quindi garantire innanzitutto affidabilità, intesa come coerenza di funzionamento, stabilità meccanica e precisione nell’esecuzione del movimento riabilitativo. Per mantenere i costi contenuti, sono stati selezionati materiali e tecniche produttive facilmente reperibili e replicabili. Per quanto riguarda la struttura dell’esoscheletro, sono stati impiegati software di modellazione 3D per la fase di progettazione e prototipazione, mentre la realizzazione fisica è stata effettuata mediante stampa 3D. Il sistema di attuazione è stato implementato attraverso l’utilizzo di servomotori lineari, con trasmissione del movimento mediante cavi. Gli attuatori sono controllati da una scheda Arduino, che riceve i comandi dall’interfaccia sviluppata in Unity in ambiente di realtà virtuale. Quest’ultima è stata progettata per creare un contesto immersivo per il paziente, con l’obiettivo di aumentare il coinvolgimento e, di conseguenza, l’efficacia del trattamento riabilitativo.
Design and development of a patient-specific hand rehabilitation exoskeleton controlled by virtual reality hand tracking
Tagliabue, Gianluca;BARBIERI, GIOVANNI
2025/2026
Abstract
The loss of hand functionality significantly compromises quality of daily life. In order to promote the recovery of lost function and consequently improve the patient’s quality of life, it is necessary to undertake a systematic and continuous rehabilitation program based on exercises specifically aimed at the partial or total restoration of motor abilities. However, rehabilitation activities typically require the assistance of qualified physiotherapists, the use of often expensive equipment, and, most importantly, continuity over time. Indeed, to increase the probability of functional recovery, exercises must be performed consistently and without prolonged interruptions. For this reason, the present thesis focuses on the design and development of a lightweight and comfortable device that allows patients to carry out therapy directly at home, while maintaining high levels of effectiveness and repeatability over time. The device must therefore primarily ensure reliability, understood as operational consistency, mechanical stability, and precision in the execution of rehabilitative movements. In order to keep costs contained, easily accessible and replicable materials and manufacturing techniques were selected. The exoskeleton structure was designed and prototyped using 3D modeling software, while its physical realization was achieved through 3D printing. The actuation system was implemented using linear servomotors, with motion transmission achieved through cable mechanisms. The actuators are controlled by an Arduino board, which receives commands from a Unity-based virtual reality interface. The latter was designed to create an immersive environment for the patient, with the aim of increasing engagement and, consequently, enhancing the effectiveness of the rehabilitation treatment.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2026_03_Tagliabue_Barbieri_Executive Summary.pdf
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Descrizione: Executive Summary
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2026_03_Tagliabue_Barbieri_Tesi.pdf
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Descrizione: Tesi
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18.76 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/251272