Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is a highly prevalent chronic condition characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to sleep fragmentation and oxygen desaturation. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy represents the gold standard treatment for moderate and severe cases; however, therapeutic adherence remains a significant clinical challenge, with considerable dropout rates within the first year of use. The difficulties are not exclusively technical but also involve psychological, relational, and logistical dimensions. Device bulkiness, dependence on power supply, hygiene management, aesthetic impact, and the perception of medicalizing the domestic space all affect treatment continuity. These issues become even more critical in mobility contexts, where traveling requires patients to constantly negotiate between health, autonomy, and quality of life. This thesis addresses therapeutic adherence in mobility contexts through a human-centered approach. The research included a clinical analysis of the condition, a review of existing therapies, and a qualitative investigation conducted through interviews with patients and specialists, aimed at identifying latent barriers and unmet needs. The findings highlighted the need for solutions capable of reducing both the physical and symbolic burden of therapy, fostering better integration into everyday life. Based on these insights, the project develops HYO, a wearable product-service system based on non-invasive hypoglossal nerve stimulation, conceived as a discreet alternative to mechanical ventilation in mobility contexts. The device aims to prevent upper airway collapse through transcutaneous neurostimulation, integrating a digital ecosystem to support monitoring, configuration, and therapeutic continuity. HYO proposes a de-medicalized nighttime experience by reducing logistical friction, aesthetic impact, and social stigma, promoting a therapy that is more compatible with the user’s desire for movement and autonomy.
La Sindrome delle Apnee Ostruttive del Sonno (OSAS) è una patologia cronica ad alta prevalenza, caratterizzata da episodi ricorrenti di ostruzione delle vie aeree superiori durante il sonno, con conseguente frammentazione del riposo e desaturazione dell’ossigeno. La ventilazione a pressione positiva continua (CPAP) rappresenta il trattamento di riferimento per le forme moderate e gravi; tuttavia, l’aderenza terapeutica costituisce ancora una criticità rilevante, con percentuali significative di abbandono entro il primo anno. Le difficoltà non sono esclusivamente tecniche, ma coinvolgono dimensioni psicologiche, relazionali e logistiche. L’ingombro del dispositivo, la dipendenza energetica, la gestione dell’igiene, l’impatto estetico e la percezione di medicalizzazione dello spazio domestico incidono sulla continuità della terapia. Tali problematiche si amplificano nei contesti di mobilità, dove il viaggio impone una negoziazione costante tra salute, autonomia e qualità della vita. La tesi affronta il tema dell’aderenza terapeutica in mobilità attraverso un approccio human-centered. La ricerca ha previsto un’analisi clinica della patologia, lo studio delle terapie esistenti e un’indagine qualitativa mediante interviste a pazienti e specialisti, con l’obiettivo di individuare barriere latenti e bisogni inespressi. È emersa la necessità di soluzioni capaci di ridurre l’ingombro fisico e simbolico della terapia, favorendone l’integrazione nella quotidianità. A partire da tali evidenze, il progetto sviluppa HYO, un sistema prodotto-servizio wearable basato su stimolazione non invasiva del nervo ipoglosso, concepito come alternativa discreta alla ventilazione meccanica nei contesti di mobilità. Il dispositivo mira a prevenire il collasso delle vie aeree tramite neurostimolazione transcutanea, integrando un ecosistema digitale per il monitoraggio e la continuità terapeutica. HYO si configura come proposta di de-medicalizzazione dell’esperienza notturna, riducendo attrito logistico, impatto estetico e stigma sociale, e promuovendo una terapia più compatibile con il desiderio di movimento e autonomia dell’utente.
HYO: progettazione di un sistema wearable non invasivo per il miglioramento dell'aderenza terapeutica nelle apnee ostruttive del sonno
Salis, Alice
2024/2025
Abstract
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is a highly prevalent chronic condition characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to sleep fragmentation and oxygen desaturation. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy represents the gold standard treatment for moderate and severe cases; however, therapeutic adherence remains a significant clinical challenge, with considerable dropout rates within the first year of use. The difficulties are not exclusively technical but also involve psychological, relational, and logistical dimensions. Device bulkiness, dependence on power supply, hygiene management, aesthetic impact, and the perception of medicalizing the domestic space all affect treatment continuity. These issues become even more critical in mobility contexts, where traveling requires patients to constantly negotiate between health, autonomy, and quality of life. This thesis addresses therapeutic adherence in mobility contexts through a human-centered approach. The research included a clinical analysis of the condition, a review of existing therapies, and a qualitative investigation conducted through interviews with patients and specialists, aimed at identifying latent barriers and unmet needs. The findings highlighted the need for solutions capable of reducing both the physical and symbolic burden of therapy, fostering better integration into everyday life. Based on these insights, the project develops HYO, a wearable product-service system based on non-invasive hypoglossal nerve stimulation, conceived as a discreet alternative to mechanical ventilation in mobility contexts. The device aims to prevent upper airway collapse through transcutaneous neurostimulation, integrating a digital ecosystem to support monitoring, configuration, and therapeutic continuity. HYO proposes a de-medicalized nighttime experience by reducing logistical friction, aesthetic impact, and social stigma, promoting a therapy that is more compatible with the user’s desire for movement and autonomy.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/252191