Open-pit lignite mining is more than an isolated industrial activity; it is a complex system that dictates infrastructure, water management, and regional economies for decades. Unlike highly tradable hard coal, lignite is structurally tied to adjacent power plants, making its spatial footprint deeply local and enduring. This thesis argues that transitioning away from coal requires much more than simply landscaping the remaining craters. Because the mine itself functioned as a massive exercise in territorial planning, post-mining recovery must be approached with the same systemic rigor, addressing ecological liabilities, economic shifts, and new infrastructures simultaneously. Grounding global energy trends in a specific local context, the research focuses on Germany’s Hambach mine in the Rhenish Revier. As the region accelerates its lignite phase-out, it faces the generational challenge of managing colossal voids, continuous groundwater pumping, and large-scale infrastructure corridors. The planned artificial lakes are not final endpoints, but provisional landforms whose success depends on continuous hydrological governance. To navigate this, the thesis proposes an adaptive urban development for the Alt Manheim area, strategically positioned between Cologne and Aachen. The project envisions transforming the site into a new technological and educational hub. Rather than erasing the industrial past, the design directly leverages it. By utilizing the mine’s massive existing electrical grid and repurposing the polluted water of the emerging lake for data center cooling, the project creates a new economic anchor designed to attract tech investment and a university campus to the site. At the heart of this development is a residential community designed for physical transition. Initially built on the dry basin of the mine, the settlement is engineered to slowly lift and float as the post-mining lake fills over the coming decades. This floating architecture provides spatial flexibility and reduces permanent land use, but it also serves a deeper cultural purpose. By echoing the suspended treehouses built by environmental activists during the Hambach Forest occupations, the floating village stands as a tangible tribute to local resistance and alternative ways of living. Ultimately, this thesis demonstrates how the energy transition can creatively couple ecological repair, regional economic revival, and contested social history into a functional urban future.
L’estrazione di lignite a cielo aperto è molto più di un’attività industriale isolata; è un sistema complesso che detta le infrastrutture, la gestione delle acque e le economie regionali per decenni. A differenza del carbone fossile, facilmente commerciabile, la lignite è strutturalmente legata alle centrali elettriche adiacenti, rendendo il suo impatto spaziale profondamente locale e duraturo. Questa tesi sostiene che la transizione dal carbone richiede molto più di una semplice riqualificazione paesaggistica dei crateri rimanenti. Poiché la miniera stessa ha funzionato come un massiccio esercizio di pianificazione territoriale, il recupero post-estrattivo deve essere affrontato con lo stesso rigore sistemico, gestendo simultaneamente le passività ecologiche, i cambiamenti economici e le nuove infrastrutture. Calando le tendenze energetiche globali in uno specifico contesto locale, la ricerca si concentra sulla miniera tedesca di Hambach, nel bacino renano (Rhenish Revier). Mentre la regione accelera l’abbandono della lignite, si trova ad affrontare la sfida generazionale di gestire vuoti colossali, il pompaggio continuo delle acque sotterranee e corridoi infrastrutturali su larga scala. I laghi artificiali previsti non sono punti di arrivo definitivi, ma conformazioni provvisorie del terreno il cui successo dipende da una continua governance idrologica. Per affrontare tutto questo, la tesi propone uno sviluppo urbano adattivo per l’area di Alt Manheim, strategicamente posizionata tra Colonia e Aquisgrana. Il progetto prevede di trasformare il sito in un nuovo polo tecnologico ed educativo. Invece di cancellare il passato industriale, il design lo sfrutta direttamente. Utilizzando l’imponente rete elettrica esistente della miniera e riutilizzando l’acqua inquinata del lago emergente per il raffreddamento dei data center. Al centro di questo sviluppo c’è una comunità residenziale progettata per la transizione fisica. Inizialmente costruito sul bacino asciutto della miniera, l’insediamento è ingegnerizzato per sollevarsi lentamente e galleggiare man mano che il lago post-minerario si riempirà nei decenni a venire. Questa architettura galleggiante offre flessibilità spaziale e riduce il consumo permanente di suolo, ma ha anche uno scopo culturale più profondo. Richiamando le case sugli alberi sospese, costruite dagli attivisti ambientali durante le occupazioni della foresta di Hambach, il villaggio galleggiante si erge a tributo tangibile alla resistenza locale e a modi di vivere alternativi. In definitiva, questa tesi dimostra come la transizione energetica possa coniugare in modo creativo la riparazione ecologica, la rinascita economica regionale e una complessa storia sociale in un futuro urbano funzionale.
Mining landscape: habitats in mining landscapes,Hambach between landscape and urban development
Villa Aliberti, Elia
2025/2026
Abstract
Open-pit lignite mining is more than an isolated industrial activity; it is a complex system that dictates infrastructure, water management, and regional economies for decades. Unlike highly tradable hard coal, lignite is structurally tied to adjacent power plants, making its spatial footprint deeply local and enduring. This thesis argues that transitioning away from coal requires much more than simply landscaping the remaining craters. Because the mine itself functioned as a massive exercise in territorial planning, post-mining recovery must be approached with the same systemic rigor, addressing ecological liabilities, economic shifts, and new infrastructures simultaneously. Grounding global energy trends in a specific local context, the research focuses on Germany’s Hambach mine in the Rhenish Revier. As the region accelerates its lignite phase-out, it faces the generational challenge of managing colossal voids, continuous groundwater pumping, and large-scale infrastructure corridors. The planned artificial lakes are not final endpoints, but provisional landforms whose success depends on continuous hydrological governance. To navigate this, the thesis proposes an adaptive urban development for the Alt Manheim area, strategically positioned between Cologne and Aachen. The project envisions transforming the site into a new technological and educational hub. Rather than erasing the industrial past, the design directly leverages it. By utilizing the mine’s massive existing electrical grid and repurposing the polluted water of the emerging lake for data center cooling, the project creates a new economic anchor designed to attract tech investment and a university campus to the site. At the heart of this development is a residential community designed for physical transition. Initially built on the dry basin of the mine, the settlement is engineered to slowly lift and float as the post-mining lake fills over the coming decades. This floating architecture provides spatial flexibility and reduces permanent land use, but it also serves a deeper cultural purpose. By echoing the suspended treehouses built by environmental activists during the Hambach Forest occupations, the floating village stands as a tangible tribute to local resistance and alternative ways of living. Ultimately, this thesis demonstrates how the energy transition can creatively couple ecological repair, regional economic revival, and contested social history into a functional urban future.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Elia_Villa Aliberti_Mining Landscapes.pdf
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Descrizione: Thesis Booklet
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/252616