Throughout history, the kitchen has been one of the most significant spaces in the home. From the centrality of the fireplace in early human communities to the technologically advanced configurations of the 21st century, it has constantly reflected the social, economic and cultural changes of different eras. Analysing its spatial and material evolution means observing, in retrospect, the transformations of society itself: domestic roles, family organisation, social hierarchies and the relationship between the individual and the community. Starting from historical and critical research on the spatial and symbolic evolution of the kitchen, the thesis identifies a condition in the present defined as the liquid kitchen. This term does not refer to a specific type, but to the contemporary state of the kitchen, marked by heterogeneity, a loss of formal rigidity and adaptation to increasingly mobile and temporary ways of living. Work mobility, reduction in domestic space, demographic changes and new forms of cohabitation contribute to redefining the kitchen no longer as a fixed and definitive space, but as a set of functions and relationships that can be activated in variable configurations. The kitchen is therefore considered not only as an architectural environment, but as an operative idea, constructible through the set of objects, tools and gestures that constitute its fundamental functions. The aim of the research is dual: on the one hand, to identify and define “today's kitchen”; on the other, to develop a design tool capable of supporting its material and symbolic permanence within domestic environments, counteracting the tendency towards marginalisation caused by new consumption habits, the reduction in domestic space and the outsourcing of food practices. The urban context of Milan is taken as a case study to observe this condition in concrete terms. In particular, a scenario of multi-generational home sharing based on reversible division and temporary rental of a portion of the home is analysed, a practice that brings together older owners and young tenants. Through qualitative interviews, needs mapping, benchmarking of historical and contemporary case studies, and comparative synthesis tools, the design conditions for configuring a temporary kitchen within existing spaces are identified. The outcome of the research is a manual for the construction of a temporary and reversible kitchen, based on the adaptation of existing furniture and the use of generic elements whose functions are related to the domestic kitchen. The manual organises criteria, constraints and operational guidelines to enable the non-designer user to design and create a DIY kitchen in a safe, economical and disassemblable way. The work demonstrates that, in the fluid condition of contemporary living, the kitchen can continue to exist not necessarily as a predefined space, but as an activatable system: a coherent set of relationships between objects, practices and people, capable of adapting without losing meaning.
La cucina, nel corso della storia, ha rappresentato uno degli spazi più significativi dell’abitare. Dalla centralità del focolare nelle prime comunità umane fino alle configurazioni tecnologicamente avanzate del XXI secolo, essa ha costantemente riflesso i mutamenti sociali, economici e culturali delle diverse epoche. Analizzarne l’evoluzione spaziale e materiale significa osservare, in controluce, le trasformazioni della società stessa: i ruoli domestici, l’organizzazione familiare, le gerarchie sociali e il rapporto tra individuo e collettività. A partire da una ricerca storico-critica sull’evoluzione spaziale e simbolica della cucina, la tesi individua nel presente una condizione definita come cucina liquida. Con questo termine si intende non una tipologia specifica, ma lo stato contemporaneo della cucina, segnato da eterogeneità, perdita di rigidità formale e adattamento a modalità abitative sempre più mobili e temporanee. Mobilità lavorativa, riduzione delle superfici domestiche, trasformazioni demografiche e nuove forme di convivenza contribuiscono a ridefinire la cucina non più come spazio fisso e definitivo, ma come insieme di funzioni e relazioni attivabili in configurazioni variabili. La cucina viene quindi considerata non soltanto come ambiente architettonico, ma come idea operativa, costruibile attraverso l’insieme di oggetti, strumenti e gesti che ne costituiscono le funzioni fondamentali. L’obiettivo della ricerca è duplice: da un lato individuare e definire la “cucina dell’oggi”; dall’altro elaborare uno strumento progettuale capace di sostenerne la permanenza materiale e simbolica all’interno degli ambienti domestici, contrastandone la tendenza alla marginalizzazione determinata da nuove abitudini di consumo, dalla diminuzione delle superfici domestiche e dall’esternalizzazione delle pratiche alimentari. Il contesto urbano milanese viene assunto come caso studio per osservare concretamente tale condizione. In particolare, viene analizzato uno scenario di home sharing multi-generazionale basato sulla divisione reversibile e sull’affitto temporaneo di una porzione dell’abitazione, pratica che mette in relazione proprietari in età più avanzata e giovani inquilini. Attraverso interviste qualitative, mappatura delle necessità, benchmarking di casi studio storici e contemporanei e strumenti di sintesi comparativa, vengono individuate le condizioni progettuali per configurare una cucina temporanea all’interno di spazi esistenti. L’esito della ricerca si concretizza in un manuale per la costruzione di una cucina temporanea e reversibile, fondato sull’adattamento di arredi già esistenti e sull’impiego di elementi generici le cui funzioni sono legate alla cucina domestica. Il manuale organizza criteri, vincoli e indicazioni operative per rendere possibile la progettazione e l'assemblaggio, da parte di un utente che non possiede conoscenze tecniche, di una cucina fai da te in modo sicuro, economico e disassemblabile. Il lavoro dimostra che, nella condizione liquida dell’abitare contemporaneo, la cucina può continuare a esistere non necessariamente come spazio predefinito, ma come sistema attivabile: un insieme coerente di relazioni tra oggetti, pratiche e persone, capace di adattarsi senza perdere significato.
La cucina liquida: metaprogetto per la reversibilità dei luoghi e degli oggetti domestici : manuale di progettazione per non-designer
Berolatti, Marianna
2024/2025
Abstract
Throughout history, the kitchen has been one of the most significant spaces in the home. From the centrality of the fireplace in early human communities to the technologically advanced configurations of the 21st century, it has constantly reflected the social, economic and cultural changes of different eras. Analysing its spatial and material evolution means observing, in retrospect, the transformations of society itself: domestic roles, family organisation, social hierarchies and the relationship between the individual and the community. Starting from historical and critical research on the spatial and symbolic evolution of the kitchen, the thesis identifies a condition in the present defined as the liquid kitchen. This term does not refer to a specific type, but to the contemporary state of the kitchen, marked by heterogeneity, a loss of formal rigidity and adaptation to increasingly mobile and temporary ways of living. Work mobility, reduction in domestic space, demographic changes and new forms of cohabitation contribute to redefining the kitchen no longer as a fixed and definitive space, but as a set of functions and relationships that can be activated in variable configurations. The kitchen is therefore considered not only as an architectural environment, but as an operative idea, constructible through the set of objects, tools and gestures that constitute its fundamental functions. The aim of the research is dual: on the one hand, to identify and define “today's kitchen”; on the other, to develop a design tool capable of supporting its material and symbolic permanence within domestic environments, counteracting the tendency towards marginalisation caused by new consumption habits, the reduction in domestic space and the outsourcing of food practices. The urban context of Milan is taken as a case study to observe this condition in concrete terms. In particular, a scenario of multi-generational home sharing based on reversible division and temporary rental of a portion of the home is analysed, a practice that brings together older owners and young tenants. Through qualitative interviews, needs mapping, benchmarking of historical and contemporary case studies, and comparative synthesis tools, the design conditions for configuring a temporary kitchen within existing spaces are identified. The outcome of the research is a manual for the construction of a temporary and reversible kitchen, based on the adaptation of existing furniture and the use of generic elements whose functions are related to the domestic kitchen. The manual organises criteria, constraints and operational guidelines to enable the non-designer user to design and create a DIY kitchen in a safe, economical and disassemblable way. The work demonstrates that, in the fluid condition of contemporary living, the kitchen can continue to exist not necessarily as a predefined space, but as an activatable system: a coherent set of relationships between objects, practices and people, capable of adapting without losing meaning.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/252750