As the European Union intensifies its regulatory focus on climate neutrality through the Green Deal, the real estate and construction sectors face increasing pressure to align corporate strategies with complex frameworks such as the EU Taxonomy, CSRD, and SFDR. Despite these strong regulations, a persistent implementation gap exists between high-level policy objectives and operational practice. This research investigates how leading European real estate players translate EU sustainability policies into corporate strategy and project operations to bridge the implementation gap. Adopting a qualitative comparative case study approach, the study applies a Multi Level Analysis (MLA) framework to examine two distinct business models, represented by Skanska AB and COIMA SGR. Data were collected from corporate reports (2023–2025) and from two flagship office projects, Sthlm 01 in Stockholm and Gioia 22 in Milan. The analysis is based on seven assessment indicators grouped into translation, integration, and verification phases. The findings reveal that while both firms significantly narrow the implementation gap, they address different aspects based on their roles in the value chain. Skanska focuses on upstream technical translation, embedding quantified carbon targets into executive remuneration and prioritizing construction standards aligned with the EU Taxonomy. In contrast, COIMA emphasizes downstream financial translation, using SFDR classifications, green lease clauses, and Digital Twin platforms to support long-term asset value. The study concludes that effectively closing the implementation gap requires the integration of these complementary approaches to establish a closed-loop lifecycle framework.
Mentre l'Unione Europea intensifica la sua attenzione normativa sulla neutralità climatica attraverso il Green Deal, i settori immobiliare e delle costruzioni affrontano una crescente pressione per allineare le strategie aziendali a quadri normativi complessi come la EU Taxonomy, la CSRD e l'SFDR. Nonostante queste rigide normative, esiste un persistente divario di implementazione (implementation gap) tra gli obiettivi politici di alto livello e la pratica operativa. Questa ricerca indaga come i principali attori immobiliari europei traducano le politiche di sostenibilità dell'UE in strategia aziendale e operazioni di progetto per colmare tale divario di implementazione. Adottando un approccio qualitativo basato sullo studio di casi comparativi, la ricerca applica un framework di Multi-Level Analysis (MLA) per esaminare due modelli di business distinti, rappresentati da Skanska AB e COIMA SGR. I dati sono stati raccolti dai report aziendali (2023–2025) e da due progetti direzionali di punta, Sthlm 01 a Stoccolma e Gioia 22 a Milano. L'analisi si basa su sette indicatori di valutazione raggruppati nelle fasi di traduzione, integrazione e verifica. I risultati rivelano che, sebbene entrambe le aziende riducano significativamente il divario di implementazione, esse affrontano aspetti diversi in base al loro ruolo nella catena del valore. Skanska si concentra sulla traduzione tecnica upstream, integrando obiettivi quantificati di riduzione delle emissioni di carbonio nella remunerazione dei dirigenti e dando priorità a standard di costruzione allineati con la EU Taxonomy. Al contrario, COIMA enfatizza la traduzione finanziaria downstream, utilizzando le classificazioni SFDR, le green lease clauses e le piattaforme Digital Twin per supportare il valore a lungo termine degli asset. Lo studio conclude che colmare efficacemente il divario di implementazione richiede l'integrazione di questi approcci complementari per stabilire un closed-loop lifecycle framework.
From green policies to corporate strategies: implementing EU sustainability framework in the Real Estate sector
Fan, Pengxiu
2024/2025
Abstract
As the European Union intensifies its regulatory focus on climate neutrality through the Green Deal, the real estate and construction sectors face increasing pressure to align corporate strategies with complex frameworks such as the EU Taxonomy, CSRD, and SFDR. Despite these strong regulations, a persistent implementation gap exists between high-level policy objectives and operational practice. This research investigates how leading European real estate players translate EU sustainability policies into corporate strategy and project operations to bridge the implementation gap. Adopting a qualitative comparative case study approach, the study applies a Multi Level Analysis (MLA) framework to examine two distinct business models, represented by Skanska AB and COIMA SGR. Data were collected from corporate reports (2023–2025) and from two flagship office projects, Sthlm 01 in Stockholm and Gioia 22 in Milan. The analysis is based on seven assessment indicators grouped into translation, integration, and verification phases. The findings reveal that while both firms significantly narrow the implementation gap, they address different aspects based on their roles in the value chain. Skanska focuses on upstream technical translation, embedding quantified carbon targets into executive remuneration and prioritizing construction standards aligned with the EU Taxonomy. In contrast, COIMA emphasizes downstream financial translation, using SFDR classifications, green lease clauses, and Digital Twin platforms to support long-term asset value. The study concludes that effectively closing the implementation gap requires the integration of these complementary approaches to establish a closed-loop lifecycle framework.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2026_03_Fan.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/252856