The transition toward Industry 5.0 has renewed attention on the human-centered dimension of digital transformation, particularly in labor-intensive and highly regulated, multi-stage sectors such as the food industry. This study investigates the relationship between digital exposure and workers’ wellbeing within the Italian food industry, focusing on both physical and psychological dimensions. Using survey data collected from 127 industry professionals, the study combines descriptive statistics, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), multi-group analysis, and qualitative insights. The results indicate a positive and statistically significant relationship between digital exposure and perceived physical wellbeing, suggesting that digital technologies are primarily associated with reduced physical workload and improved ergonomic conditions. By contrast, no statistically significant direct relationship emerges between digital exposure and psychological wellbeing. Acceptance of Industry 5.0 human-centered organizational principles is consistently high across the sample, although it appears weakly related to actual technological exposure, indicating a strong normative orientation toward these models. Multi-group analysis further highlights the context-dependent nature of technological impacts, with differences emerging across exposure levels, organizational size, and operational roles. Overall, the findings suggest that within the Italian food industry, digital technologies are not perceived as a systemic psychological threat, while their physical benefits are more clearly recognized. The study contributes empirical evidence to the emerging Food Industry 5.0 literature and highlights the importance of organizational readiness, training, and people-oriented implementation strategies to translate technological innovation into tangible wellbeing outcomes.
La transizione verso l’Industria 5.0 ha rinnovato l’interesse per la dimensione umana della trasformazione digitale, in particolare nei settori ad alta intensità di lavoro e fortemente regolamentati e articolati in più fasi, come l’industria alimentare. Questo studio indaga la relazione tra esposizione digitale e benessere dei lavoratori all’interno dell’industria alimentare italiana, concentrandosi sia sulle dimensioni fisiche sia su quelle psicologiche. Utilizzando dati di indagine raccolti da 127 professionisti del settore, lo studio combina statistiche descrittive, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), analisi multi-gruppo e approfondimenti qualitativi. I risultati indicano una relazione positiva e statisticamente significativa tra esposizione digitale e benessere fisico percepito, suggerendo che le tecnologie digitali sono principalmente associate a una riduzione del carico di lavoro fisico e a un miglioramento delle condizioni ergonomiche. Al contrario, non emerge alcuna relazione diretta statisticamente significativa tra esposizione digitale e benessere psicologico. L’accettazione dei principi organizzativi centrati sulla persona dell’Industria 5.0 risulta costantemente elevata in tutto il campione, sebbene appaia debolmente correlata all’effettiva esposizione tecnologica, indicando un forte orientamento normativo verso questi modelli. L’analisi multi-gruppo evidenzia inoltre la natura contestuale degli impatti tecnologici, con differenze che emergono in base ai livelli di esposizione, alla dimensione organizzativa e ai ruoli operativi. Nel complesso, i risultati suggeriscono che, all’interno dell’industria alimentare italiana, le tecnologie digitali non sono percepite come una minaccia psicologica sistemica, mentre i loro benefici fisici risultano più chiaramente riconosciuti. Lo studio fornisce evidenze empiriche alla letteratura emergente sull’Industria Alimentare 5.0 e sottolinea l’importanza della prontezza organizzativa, della formazione e di strategie di implementazione orientate alle persone per tradurre l’innovazione tecnologica in risultati tangibili di benessere.
Assessing worker well-being in Italy's food industry 5.0: the impact of digital technologies
LEONE, EDOARDO
2024/2025
Abstract
The transition toward Industry 5.0 has renewed attention on the human-centered dimension of digital transformation, particularly in labor-intensive and highly regulated, multi-stage sectors such as the food industry. This study investigates the relationship between digital exposure and workers’ wellbeing within the Italian food industry, focusing on both physical and psychological dimensions. Using survey data collected from 127 industry professionals, the study combines descriptive statistics, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), multi-group analysis, and qualitative insights. The results indicate a positive and statistically significant relationship between digital exposure and perceived physical wellbeing, suggesting that digital technologies are primarily associated with reduced physical workload and improved ergonomic conditions. By contrast, no statistically significant direct relationship emerges between digital exposure and psychological wellbeing. Acceptance of Industry 5.0 human-centered organizational principles is consistently high across the sample, although it appears weakly related to actual technological exposure, indicating a strong normative orientation toward these models. Multi-group analysis further highlights the context-dependent nature of technological impacts, with differences emerging across exposure levels, organizational size, and operational roles. Overall, the findings suggest that within the Italian food industry, digital technologies are not perceived as a systemic psychological threat, while their physical benefits are more clearly recognized. The study contributes empirical evidence to the emerging Food Industry 5.0 literature and highlights the importance of organizational readiness, training, and people-oriented implementation strategies to translate technological innovation into tangible wellbeing outcomes.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/253067