Darkness is a multifaceted and fundamental element that, in human experience, transcends its purely physical and natural dimension to take on deeper cultural and symbolic meanings. In Northern Europe — a region defined by extreme climatic conditions and prolonged periods of winter darkness — the dark is not simply a natural phenomenon to be passively endured, but becomes a structural component of collective identity and aesthetic imagination, giving rise to an authentic and intense connection with obscurity. This singular relationship has generated specific ways of inhabiting the territory, perceiving the surrounding world, and constructing cultural narratives that are clearly reflected in both past and present design practices. Starting from this premise, the thesis sets out to analyze the cultural and symbolic role of darkness in the Nordic context and its influence on the region's contemporary communication design. The research stems from the need to understand how a seemingly limiting territorial phenomenon such as prolonged obscurity — regarded for centuries as an affliction to be avoided and overcome — can transform into a creative and identity-forming resource, giving rise to a recognizable and internationally influential visual language. The work begins with an analysis of darkness as a complex phenomenon that intersects natural, social, and anthropological dimensions, observing how Northern light conditions have contributed over time to the development of a unique aesthetic sensibility. Through a multidisciplinary approach integrating cultural, anthropological, and perceptual studies, various areas of Nordic communication design are examined — characterized by restrained chromatic choices, somber atmospheres, and a functional minimalism that reflects a balanced coexistence with darkness. The methodology adopted combines theoretical research with the qualitative analysis of significant case studies in order to identify recurring patterns and specific design strategies, ultimately defining a Nordic model for the creative use of darkness. The investigation focuses on how elements such as contrast, negative space, artificial light management, and the use of color are employed as expressive tools that translate darkness — along with all its meanings and symbolism — into visual language. The thesis finally explores the limits and potential of this model when applied to different contexts, considering how the Nordic experience of darkness might become a transferable and adaptable design resource for diverse geographical and cultural realities. The aim is to demonstrate how aesthetic principles born from specific territorial conditions can evolve into global communicative strategies, maintaining symbolic and functional coherence even beyond their original context. The research findings highlight how Nordic communication design represents a paradigmatic case of transforming an environmental constraint into an expressive and identity-defining opportunity, while simultaneously offering a methodological model for rethinking the relationship between contextual conditions and design practices from a contemporary perspective.
Il buio è un elemento poliedrico fondamentale che, nell'esperienza umana, trascende la sua dimensione puramente fisica e naturale per assumere significati culturali e simbolici più profondi. Nel Nord Europa, una regione caratterizzata da condizioni climatiche estreme e periodi invernali di oscurità prolungata, il buio non costituisce semplicemente un fenomeno naturale da subire passivamente, ma diventa una componente strutturale dell'identità collettiva e dell'immaginario estetico, che ha portato a sviluppare una connessione autentica e intensa con l’oscurità. Questa relazione singolare ha generato modalità specifiche di abitare il territorio, di percepire il mondo circostante e di costruire narrazioni culturali che si riflettono in modo evidente nelle pratiche progettuali passate e attuali. A partire da questa premessa, la tesi si propone di analizzare il ruolo culturale e simbolico del buio nel contesto nordico, e la sua influenza sul design della comunicazione contemporaneo della regione. La ricerca nasce dalla necessità di comprendere come un fenomeno del territorio apparentemente limitante come l'oscurità prolungata, per secoli reputato un male da evitare e sconfiggere, possa trasformarsi in risorsa creativa e identitaria, dando origine ad un linguaggio visivo riconoscibile e influente a livello internazionale. Il lavoro parte dall'analisi del buio come fenomeno complesso che interseca dimensioni naturali, sociali e antropologiche, osservando come le condizioni di luce del Nord abbiano contribuito nel tempo a sviluppare una sensibilità estetica unica. Attraverso un approccio multidisciplinare che integra studi culturali, antropologici e percettivi, vengono esaminati diversi ambiti del design della comunicazione nordico, caratterizzato da scelte cromatiche sobrie, atmosfere cupe e un minimalismo funzionale che riflette una convivenza equilibrata con il buio. La metodologia adottata combina la ricerca teorica con l'analisi qualitativa di casi studio significativi per identificare pattern ricorrenti e strategie progettuali specifiche, definendo un modello nordico di uso creativo del buio. L'indagine si concentra su come elementi quali il contrasto, lo spazio negativo, la gestione della luce artificiale e l'uso del colore vengono impiegati come strumenti espressivi che traducono in linguaggio visivo l'oscurità e tutti i suoi significati e simbologie. La tesi indaga infine i limiti e le potenzialità di questo modello quando applicato a contesti differenti, considerando come l'esperienza nordica del buio possa diventare una risorsa progettuale trasferibile e adattabile a diverse realtà geografiche e culturali. L'obiettivo è quello di dimostrare come principi estetici nati da specifiche condizioni territoriali possano evolvere in strategie comunicative globali, mantenendo coerenza simbolica e funzionale anche al di fuori del loro contesto originario. I risultati della ricerca evidenziano come il design della comunicazione nordico rappresenti un caso paradigmatico di trasformazione di un limite ambientale in opportunità espressiva e identitaria, offrendo al contempo un modello metodologico per ripensare il rapporto tra condizioni contestuali e pratiche progettuali in chiave contemporanea.
Obscured : il buio come matrice progettuale nel design, tra patrimonio culturale e identità territoriale del Nord Europa
Gaulli, Carola
2024/2025
Abstract
Darkness is a multifaceted and fundamental element that, in human experience, transcends its purely physical and natural dimension to take on deeper cultural and symbolic meanings. In Northern Europe — a region defined by extreme climatic conditions and prolonged periods of winter darkness — the dark is not simply a natural phenomenon to be passively endured, but becomes a structural component of collective identity and aesthetic imagination, giving rise to an authentic and intense connection with obscurity. This singular relationship has generated specific ways of inhabiting the territory, perceiving the surrounding world, and constructing cultural narratives that are clearly reflected in both past and present design practices. Starting from this premise, the thesis sets out to analyze the cultural and symbolic role of darkness in the Nordic context and its influence on the region's contemporary communication design. The research stems from the need to understand how a seemingly limiting territorial phenomenon such as prolonged obscurity — regarded for centuries as an affliction to be avoided and overcome — can transform into a creative and identity-forming resource, giving rise to a recognizable and internationally influential visual language. The work begins with an analysis of darkness as a complex phenomenon that intersects natural, social, and anthropological dimensions, observing how Northern light conditions have contributed over time to the development of a unique aesthetic sensibility. Through a multidisciplinary approach integrating cultural, anthropological, and perceptual studies, various areas of Nordic communication design are examined — characterized by restrained chromatic choices, somber atmospheres, and a functional minimalism that reflects a balanced coexistence with darkness. The methodology adopted combines theoretical research with the qualitative analysis of significant case studies in order to identify recurring patterns and specific design strategies, ultimately defining a Nordic model for the creative use of darkness. The investigation focuses on how elements such as contrast, negative space, artificial light management, and the use of color are employed as expressive tools that translate darkness — along with all its meanings and symbolism — into visual language. The thesis finally explores the limits and potential of this model when applied to different contexts, considering how the Nordic experience of darkness might become a transferable and adaptable design resource for diverse geographical and cultural realities. The aim is to demonstrate how aesthetic principles born from specific territorial conditions can evolve into global communicative strategies, maintaining symbolic and functional coherence even beyond their original context. The research findings highlight how Nordic communication design represents a paradigmatic case of transforming an environmental constraint into an expressive and identity-defining opportunity, while simultaneously offering a methodological model for rethinking the relationship between contextual conditions and design practices from a contemporary perspective.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/253262