In low and middle-income countries, particularly in the African continent, lower-limb amputations represent a major health and social challenge. The high incidence of trauma, diabetic complications and infections, combined with limited healthcare infrastructure and restricted availability of prosthetic devices, leads to widespread functional and occupational exclusion among amputees. In such contexts, access to reliable and high-performing prostheses is often hindered by high costs, frequently influenced by import dependency and by the limited availability of technically adequate but economically sustainable solutions. In light of these critical issues, this thesis aims to develop and optimize a K2-level prosthetic foot inspired by the SACH (Solid Ankle Cushion Heel) model, with the objective of improving its biomechanical performance while maintaining the product within a medium–low price range (50–100€). The design activity was preceded by an analysis of the anatomy and biomechanics of the foot–ankle complex, with particular attention to the gait cycle and to energy absorption and return mechanisms. A market analysis was also conducted to gain insight into currently available technologies. The concept was developed through CAD modeling in SolidWorks, followed by topological optimization in nTopology, resulting in a structure designed to ensure appropriate stress distribution and efficient material usage. The model was validated through finite element analysis (FEM), in compliance with ISO 10328:2016, in order to assess its structural behavior under the most severe loading conditions. The results obtained support the feasibility of producing the prosthetic foot using additive manufacturing technologies, with the aim of delivering a lightweight, robust and economically accessible device.
Nei paesi a basso e medio reddito, in particolare nel continente africano, le amputazioni degli arti inferiori rappresentano una problematica sanitaria e sociale di grande rilevanza. L’elevata incidenza di traumi, complicanze diabetiche e infezioni, unita alla limitata disponibilità di infrastrutture sanitarie e dispositivi protesici, determina una condizione diffusa di esclusione funzionale e lavorativa per molti soggetti amputati. In tali contesti, l’accesso a protesi affidabili e performanti è spesso ostacolato da costi elevati influenzati dall’importazione e carenza di soluzioni tecnicamente adeguate ma economicamente sostenibili. Alla luce di queste criticità, il presente elaborato si propone di sviluppare e ottimizzare un piede protesico di livello di mobilità K2, ispirato al modello SACH (Solid Ankle Cushion Heel), con l’obiettivo di migliorarne le prestazioni biomeccaniche mantenendo al contempo il prodotto all’interno di una fascia di prezzo medio-bassa (50–100 €). L’attività progettuale è stata preceduta da un’analisi dell’anatomia e della biomeccanica del complesso piede–caviglia, con particolare attenzione al ciclo del passo e ai meccanismi di assorbimento e restituzione di energia, nonché anche all’analisi di mercato per entrare a conoscenza delle tecnologie presenti in commercio. Il concept è stato sviluppato mediante modellazione CAD in SolidWorks e successiva ottimizzazione topologica del modello in nTopology, ottenendo come risultato una struttura progettata per garantire una corretta distribuzione delle tensioni e un impiego efficiente del materiale. La validazione del modello è stata eseguita tramite analisi degli elementi finiti (FEM), in conformità con la normativa ISO 10328:2016, al fine di accertarne il comportamento strutturale nelle condizioni di carico più gravose. I risultati ottenuti consentono di procedere alla produzione del piede protesico mediante tecnologie di additive manufacturing, con l’obiettivo di realizzare un dispositivo leggero, robusto ed economicamente accessibile.
Design of a prosthetic foot based on additive manufacturing and topology optimization
Tonoli, Elisa
2024/2025
Abstract
In low and middle-income countries, particularly in the African continent, lower-limb amputations represent a major health and social challenge. The high incidence of trauma, diabetic complications and infections, combined with limited healthcare infrastructure and restricted availability of prosthetic devices, leads to widespread functional and occupational exclusion among amputees. In such contexts, access to reliable and high-performing prostheses is often hindered by high costs, frequently influenced by import dependency and by the limited availability of technically adequate but economically sustainable solutions. In light of these critical issues, this thesis aims to develop and optimize a K2-level prosthetic foot inspired by the SACH (Solid Ankle Cushion Heel) model, with the objective of improving its biomechanical performance while maintaining the product within a medium–low price range (50–100€). The design activity was preceded by an analysis of the anatomy and biomechanics of the foot–ankle complex, with particular attention to the gait cycle and to energy absorption and return mechanisms. A market analysis was also conducted to gain insight into currently available technologies. The concept was developed through CAD modeling in SolidWorks, followed by topological optimization in nTopology, resulting in a structure designed to ensure appropriate stress distribution and efficient material usage. The model was validated through finite element analysis (FEM), in compliance with ISO 10328:2016, in order to assess its structural behavior under the most severe loading conditions. The results obtained support the feasibility of producing the prosthetic foot using additive manufacturing technologies, with the aim of delivering a lightweight, robust and economically accessible device.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Design of a Prosthetic Foot based on Additive Manufacturing and Topology Optimization - Tonoli Elisa.pdf
solo utenti autorizzati a partire dal 02/03/2029
Descrizione: Thesis
Dimensione
21.13 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
21.13 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/253370