Medical device new product development (NPD) operates in a regulated environment with strict compliance requirements which shape every decision. Throughout the development process, teams generate knowledge by solving technical problems and refining designs. However, this industry features high failure rates and long development cycles which suggest that organizations struggle to capture this knowledge and reuse it effectively. Knowledge management (KM) has been recognized as critical to innovation success, but research examining how knowledge is managed within medical device NPD remains limited. This thesis investigates how medical device companies manage knowledge during NPD, what challenges prevent effective knowledge management, and what practices can improve knowledge capture, sharing, and application. This research employs a qualitative approach, combining a literature review with semi-structured interviews of medical device NPD professionals. The literature review examines NPD processes, organizational learning theory, and knowledge management frameworks to establish theoretical foundations. Although these domains are well-developed independently, limited research addresses their integration within medical device contexts, particularly how stage-gate processes structure knowledge beyond regulatory compliance. A thematic analysis of the semi-structured interviews reveals the misalignment between stage-gate theory and KM practices, where gate serve compliance instead of learning. Based on these findings, the thesis proposes an integrated knowledge management framework embedded within medical device stage-gate processes. The conceptual framework serves to capture learning-oriented knowledge and provides actionable practices for improving KM in this industry. The research contributes evidence-based guidance that organizations can implement to reduce development failures and improve innovation outcomes in regulated environments.
Lo sviluppo di nuovi prodotti (NPD) nel settore dei dispositivi medici opera in un ambiente altamente regolamentato, caratterizzato da rigorosi requisiti di conformità che influenzano ogni decisione. Durante il processo di sviluppo, i team generano conoscenza risolvendo problemi tecnici e perfezionando i progetti. Tuttavia, l’elevato tasso di insuccesso e i lunghi cicli di sviluppo suggeriscono che le organizzazioni incontrino difficoltà nel catturare e riutilizzare efficacemente tale conoscenza. Il knowledge management (KM) è riconosciuto come fattore critico per il successo dell’innovazione, ma la ricerca su come la conoscenza venga gestita nell’NPD dei dispositivi medici rimane limitata. Questa tesi analizza come le aziende di dispositivi medici gestiscono la conoscenza durante l’NPD, quali ostacoli ne impediscano un’efficace gestione e quali pratiche possano migliorarne la cattura, la condivisione e l’applicazione. La ricerca adotta un approccio qualitativo, combinando revisione della letteratura e interviste semi-strutturate a professionisti del settore. La revisione esamina processi di NPD, teoria dell’apprendimento organizzativo e framework di KM per definire le basi teoriche. Sebbene tali ambiti siano ampiamente sviluppati, scarsa attenzione è stata dedicata alla loro integrazione nel contesto dei dispositivi medici, in particolare al modo in cui i processi stage-gate strutturano la conoscenza oltre la mera conformità normativa. L’analisi tematica evidenzia un disallineamento tra teoria stage-gate e pratiche di KM, con gate orientati prevalentemente alla conformità piuttosto che all’apprendimento. Sulla base dei risultati, la tesi propone un framework integrato di KM incorporato nei processi stage-gate, volto a valorizzare la conoscenza orientata all’apprendimento e a fornire indicazioni operative per migliorare l’innovazione in contesti regolamentati.
From compliance to learning: knowledge management in medical device development
RIDEOUT, SCHUYLER REED
2025/2026
Abstract
Medical device new product development (NPD) operates in a regulated environment with strict compliance requirements which shape every decision. Throughout the development process, teams generate knowledge by solving technical problems and refining designs. However, this industry features high failure rates and long development cycles which suggest that organizations struggle to capture this knowledge and reuse it effectively. Knowledge management (KM) has been recognized as critical to innovation success, but research examining how knowledge is managed within medical device NPD remains limited. This thesis investigates how medical device companies manage knowledge during NPD, what challenges prevent effective knowledge management, and what practices can improve knowledge capture, sharing, and application. This research employs a qualitative approach, combining a literature review with semi-structured interviews of medical device NPD professionals. The literature review examines NPD processes, organizational learning theory, and knowledge management frameworks to establish theoretical foundations. Although these domains are well-developed independently, limited research addresses their integration within medical device contexts, particularly how stage-gate processes structure knowledge beyond regulatory compliance. A thematic analysis of the semi-structured interviews reveals the misalignment between stage-gate theory and KM practices, where gate serve compliance instead of learning. Based on these findings, the thesis proposes an integrated knowledge management framework embedded within medical device stage-gate processes. The conceptual framework serves to capture learning-oriented knowledge and provides actionable practices for improving KM in this industry. The research contributes evidence-based guidance that organizations can implement to reduce development failures and improve innovation outcomes in regulated environments.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2026_03_Rideout.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/253494