This thesis investigates Alexandria’s urban identity through water and time. Instead of treating identity as a fixed architectural style, it reads the city as a layered coastal system shaped by the Mediterranean seafront, the double-harbor structure, and the inland corridor of the Mahmoudiyyah Canal, with Lake Mariout as a secondary but persistent limit. It asks how water has guided settlement, growth, contraction, and reinvention across periods, and which spatial traces still steer the city beneath changing surfaces. The study uses a two-directional timeline method. Timeline A works backward from 2025-2026 to ancient reconstructions, using 23 historical plates to peel layers and expose structural continuities. Timeline B moves forward from foundation to the present through 10 schematic maps, linking observed spatial shifts to internal drivers (policy, governance, economy, demography) and external drivers (imperial dynamics, trade, conflict, migration, technology, environment). Across both timelines, the analysis tracks recurring identity carriers that connect water to urban form: the Heptastadion hinge and two harbors; the Silsila (Ras Lokias) promontory; the Canopic Road and Street of the Soma; the Kibotos as a sea-to-inland transfer node; the Mahmoudiyyah Canal as reconnection infrastructure; and the Serapeum area (Pompey’s Pillar) as an inland archaeological anchor. Methodologically, the thesis is documentary and map-based. Plates and texts are translated into comparable schematics using a consistent graphic code for water, urbanized fabric, services and industry, transport, and archaeological markers. The result is a coherent narrative of continuity and rupture, where continuity is the persistence of organizing water structures, corridors, and edges, and rupture is their redirection, weakening, or replacement. The thesis argues that Alexandria’s identity is best understood as a repeating settlement logic negotiated between seaborne and landborn systems, and that current corridor-led projects risk altering the legibility of this long water-formed frame.
Questa tesi indaga l'identità urbana di Alessandria attraverso l'acqua e il tempo. Anziché considerare l'identità come uno stile architettonico fisso, interpreta la città come un sistema costiero stratificato modellato dal fronte marittimo mediterraneo, dalla struttura a doppio porto e dal corridoio interno del canale Mahmoudiyyah, con il lago Mariout come limite secondario ma persistente. Si interroga su come l'acqua abbia guidato l'insediamento, la crescita, la contrazione e la reinvenzione nel corso dei secoli e quali tracce spaziali continuino a guidare la città sotto le superfici mutevoli. Lo studio utilizza un metodo cronologico bidirezionale. La linea temporale A parte dal 2025-2026 e risale alle ricostruzioni antiche, utilizzando 23 tavole storiche per rimuovere gli strati ed esporre le continuità strutturali. La linea temporale B va dalla fondazione al presente attraverso 10 mappe schematiche, collegando i cambiamenti spaziali osservati a fattori interni (politica, governance, economia, demografia) ed esterni (dinamiche imperiali, commercio, conflitti, migrazioni, tecnologia, ambiente). In entrambe le linee temporali, l'analisi traccia i vettori identitari ricorrenti che collegano l'acqua alla forma urbana: il perno dell'Heptastadion e i due porti; il promontorio di Silsila (Ras Lokias); la Strada Canopica e la Via del Soma; i Kibotos come nodo di trasferimento dal mare all'entroterra; il Canale Mahmoudiyyah come infrastruttura di ricongiungimento; e l'area del Serapeo (Colonna di Pompeo) come punto di riferimento archeologico nell'entroterra. Dal punto di vista metodologico, la tesi è documentaria e basata su mappe. Le tavole e i testi sono tradotti in schemi comparabili utilizzando un codice grafico coerente per l'acqua, il tessuto urbano, i servizi e l'industria, i trasporti e i marcatori archeologici. Il risultato è una narrazione coerente di continuità e rottura, dove la continuità è la persistenza delle strutture idriche, dei corridoi e dei confini, mentre la rottura è il loro reindirizzamento, indebolimento o sostituzione. La tesi sostiene che l'identità di Alessandria sia meglio comprensibile come una logica di insediamento ripetitiva negoziata tra sistemi marittimi e terrestri, e che gli attuali progetti basati sui corridoi rischino di alterare la leggibilità di questo quadro formato dall'acqua nel corso del tempo.
In search of Alexandria's identity: following water through the city's layers
Galal, Tarek Ehab Moustafa
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis investigates Alexandria’s urban identity through water and time. Instead of treating identity as a fixed architectural style, it reads the city as a layered coastal system shaped by the Mediterranean seafront, the double-harbor structure, and the inland corridor of the Mahmoudiyyah Canal, with Lake Mariout as a secondary but persistent limit. It asks how water has guided settlement, growth, contraction, and reinvention across periods, and which spatial traces still steer the city beneath changing surfaces. The study uses a two-directional timeline method. Timeline A works backward from 2025-2026 to ancient reconstructions, using 23 historical plates to peel layers and expose structural continuities. Timeline B moves forward from foundation to the present through 10 schematic maps, linking observed spatial shifts to internal drivers (policy, governance, economy, demography) and external drivers (imperial dynamics, trade, conflict, migration, technology, environment). Across both timelines, the analysis tracks recurring identity carriers that connect water to urban form: the Heptastadion hinge and two harbors; the Silsila (Ras Lokias) promontory; the Canopic Road and Street of the Soma; the Kibotos as a sea-to-inland transfer node; the Mahmoudiyyah Canal as reconnection infrastructure; and the Serapeum area (Pompey’s Pillar) as an inland archaeological anchor. Methodologically, the thesis is documentary and map-based. Plates and texts are translated into comparable schematics using a consistent graphic code for water, urbanized fabric, services and industry, transport, and archaeological markers. The result is a coherent narrative of continuity and rupture, where continuity is the persistence of organizing water structures, corridors, and edges, and rupture is their redirection, weakening, or replacement. The thesis argues that Alexandria’s identity is best understood as a repeating settlement logic negotiated between seaborne and landborn systems, and that current corridor-led projects risk altering the legibility of this long water-formed frame.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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In search of Alexandria_s identity Following water through the city_s layers.pdf
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Maps Atlas_In search of Alexandria_s identity Following water through the city_s layers.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/253669