Personal digital task management applications have become widespread tools for coping with multitasking, time pressure, and increasing organizational complexity. Although primarily designed to enhance productivity and efficiency, many of these tools are marketed as supporting stress reduction and enhancing wellbeing. This thesis investigates whether personal task managers effectively support wellbeing or whether their interaction models risk reinforcing cognitive load and performance pressure. Adopting a design-centered perspective, the research combines literature review on digital wellbeing, competitive benchmarking, digital ethnography, and expert heuristic evaluation. A key methodological contribution is the development of a hybrid evaluative framework that integrates usability heuristics with wellbeing-oriented requirements derived from academic research. This combined heuristic enables a structured assessment of selected task management applications from a wellbeing perspective. The findings reveal a structural tension between productivity-driven design logics and wellbeing-centered principles. While these tools can provide clarity and organizational support, they may also intensify sustained cognitive engagement and self-imposed performance expectations. In an increasingly digitized environment, where disengagement from digital systems is often neither feasible nor desirable, the question is not whether such tools should exist, but the responsibility lies in how they are designed. This thesis therefore explores how interdisciplinary knowledge can be translated into responsible design choices that support the effective management of personal resources while preserving autonomy and long-term wellbeing. It proposes a set of wellbeing-oriented design principles and analytical attention points to guide designers in mediating between productivity demands and users’ digital wellbeing.
Le applicazioni digitali personali per la gestione delle attività sono diventate strumenti ampiamente diffusi per affrontare il multitasking, la pressione temporale e la crescente complessità organizzativa. Sebbene siano progettate principalmente per migliorare produttività ed efficienza, molte di queste soluzioni sono promosse come strumenti in grado di ridurre lo stress e supportare il benessere. Questa tesi indaga se i task manager personali supportino effettivamente il benessere degli utenti o se, al contrario, i loro modelli di interazione rischino di rafforzare il carico cognitivo e la pressione performativa. Adottando una prospettiva centrata sul design, la ricerca combina una revisione della letteratura sul benessere digitale, benchmarking competitivo, etnografia digitale e valutazione euristica esperta. Un contributo metodologico centrale consiste nello sviluppo di un framework valutativo ibrido che integra euristiche di usabilità con requisiti orientati al benessere derivati dalla ricerca accademica, consentendo una valutazione strutturata delle applicazioni selezionate. I risultati evidenziano una tensione strutturale tra logiche di progettazione orientate alla produttività e principi centrati sul benessere. Se da un lato questi strumenti possono offrire chiarezza e supporto organizzativo, dall’altro possono intensificare l’impegno cognitivo prolungato e rafforzare aspettative di performance autoimposte. In un contesto sempre più digitalizzato, in cui il distacco dai sistemi digitali non è spesso praticabile né auspicabile, la questione riguarda le modalità di progettazione di tali strumenti. La tesi esplora pertanto come le conoscenze interdisciplinari possano essere tradotte in scelte progettuali responsabili che supportino la gestione delle risorse personali, preservando autonomia e benessere nel lungo periodo. Propone infine principi di design orientati al benessere e punti di attenzione analitici per guidare i progettisti nella mediazione tra produttività e benessere digitale.
Designing for digital wellbeing: cognitive load, technostress, and user autonomy in personal task management applications
Khoshbazan, Fatemeh
2025/2026
Abstract
Personal digital task management applications have become widespread tools for coping with multitasking, time pressure, and increasing organizational complexity. Although primarily designed to enhance productivity and efficiency, many of these tools are marketed as supporting stress reduction and enhancing wellbeing. This thesis investigates whether personal task managers effectively support wellbeing or whether their interaction models risk reinforcing cognitive load and performance pressure. Adopting a design-centered perspective, the research combines literature review on digital wellbeing, competitive benchmarking, digital ethnography, and expert heuristic evaluation. A key methodological contribution is the development of a hybrid evaluative framework that integrates usability heuristics with wellbeing-oriented requirements derived from academic research. This combined heuristic enables a structured assessment of selected task management applications from a wellbeing perspective. The findings reveal a structural tension between productivity-driven design logics and wellbeing-centered principles. While these tools can provide clarity and organizational support, they may also intensify sustained cognitive engagement and self-imposed performance expectations. In an increasingly digitized environment, where disengagement from digital systems is often neither feasible nor desirable, the question is not whether such tools should exist, but the responsibility lies in how they are designed. This thesis therefore explores how interdisciplinary knowledge can be translated into responsible design choices that support the effective management of personal resources while preserving autonomy and long-term wellbeing. It proposes a set of wellbeing-oriented design principles and analytical attention points to guide designers in mediating between productivity demands and users’ digital wellbeing.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/253838