This thesis examines how firms pursue resilience in Global Value Chains under heightened uncertainty by combining three levers – relocation decisions, sustainability, and digital technologies – while placing managerial evaluation at the center of the analysis. It develops a cognition-based perspective showing how managers' experience, skills, and interpretive frames shape de-risking, global sourcing, and the use of emerging technologies. The dissertation encompasses four studies. The first investigates how managers evaluate de-risking through relocation choices and digital technologies adoption, showing that de-risking does not necessarily imply retreat from globalization: Information Management Technologies tend to support the preservation or strengthening of global commitment, whereas Digital Production Technologies, especially Additive Manufacturing, can facilitate selective proximity relocation. The second study explores how procurement managers balance resilience and environmental sustainability, revealing that this relationship is neither uniformly synergistic nor conflictual, but contingent on career stage, industry logic, cost sensitivity, and cognitive biases. The third study adopts a configurational perspective on global sourcing, identifying combinations of location strategy, supplier redundancy, inventory buffer, green certification, and sustainability premium through which firms can balance resilience and sustainability, while also revealing three managerial archetypes - Integrators, Resilience-first, and Cost-only. The fourth study focuses on Generative AI and shows that middle managers switch between automation and augmentation depending on task codifiability and contextual stakes, especially volatility and accountability. Methodologically, the dissertation combines Factorial Survey experimental design, fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis, Q-methodology, and qualitative interviews. Overall, it offers an integrated account of resilience as a bundle-based and cognition-dependent outcome, contributing to International Business and Supply Chain Management research while providing actionable insights for firms and managers navigating uncertainty.
Questa tesi esamina come le imprese perseguano la resilienza nelle Catene Globali del Valore in condizioni di incertezza, combinando tre leve – rilocalizzazione, sostenibilità e tecnologie digitali – e ponendo al centro la valutazione manageriale. Adotta una prospettiva cognitiva che mostra come esperienza, competenze e schemi interpretativi dei manager plasmino il de-risking, il global sourcing e l’uso di tecnologie emergenti. La tesi si articola in quattro studi. Il primo analizza come i manager valutino il de-risking attraverso scelte di rilocalizzazione e adozione di tecnologie digitali, mostrando che esso non implica un arretramento della globalizzazione: le tecnologie per la gestione delle informazioni tendono a sostenere il mantenimento o il rafforzamento dell’impegno globale, mentre le tecnologie di produzione, in particolare l’Additive Manufacturing, possono agevolare rilocalizzazioni selettive verso contesti più prossimi. Il secondo studio esplora come i responsabili degli approvvigionamenti bilancino resilienza e sostenibilità ambientale, evidenziando che tale relazione non è né sinergica né conflittuale in modo uniforme, ma dipende da fase di carriera, logiche di settore, sensibilità ai costi e bias cognitivi. Il terzo studio adotta una prospettiva configurazionale sul global sourcing, individuando combinazioni di strategia di localizzazione, ridondanza dei fornitori, scorte di sicurezza, certificazione ambientale e premio di sostenibilità attraverso cui le imprese possono bilanciare resilienza e sostenibilità, facendo emergere tre archetipi manageriali: Integrators, Resilience-first e Cost-only. Il quarto studio si concentra sull’IA generativa e mostra che i manager modulano il ricorso ad automazione e supporto al giudizio umano secondo la codificabilità dei compiti e l’intensità delle pressioni contestuali, soprattutto legate a volatilità e responsabilità. Sul piano metodologico, la tesi combina Factorial Survey, fsQCA, Q-methodology e interviste qualitative. Nel complesso, offre una lettura integrata della resilienza come esito configurazionale e cognitivo e contribuisce alla ricerca in International Business e Supply Chain Management.
Beyond trade-offs: building firm resilience via relocation, sustainability, and digital transformation
GRASSI, GIACOMO
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis examines how firms pursue resilience in Global Value Chains under heightened uncertainty by combining three levers – relocation decisions, sustainability, and digital technologies – while placing managerial evaluation at the center of the analysis. It develops a cognition-based perspective showing how managers' experience, skills, and interpretive frames shape de-risking, global sourcing, and the use of emerging technologies. The dissertation encompasses four studies. The first investigates how managers evaluate de-risking through relocation choices and digital technologies adoption, showing that de-risking does not necessarily imply retreat from globalization: Information Management Technologies tend to support the preservation or strengthening of global commitment, whereas Digital Production Technologies, especially Additive Manufacturing, can facilitate selective proximity relocation. The second study explores how procurement managers balance resilience and environmental sustainability, revealing that this relationship is neither uniformly synergistic nor conflictual, but contingent on career stage, industry logic, cost sensitivity, and cognitive biases. The third study adopts a configurational perspective on global sourcing, identifying combinations of location strategy, supplier redundancy, inventory buffer, green certification, and sustainability premium through which firms can balance resilience and sustainability, while also revealing three managerial archetypes - Integrators, Resilience-first, and Cost-only. The fourth study focuses on Generative AI and shows that middle managers switch between automation and augmentation depending on task codifiability and contextual stakes, especially volatility and accountability. Methodologically, the dissertation combines Factorial Survey experimental design, fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis, Q-methodology, and qualitative interviews. Overall, it offers an integrated account of resilience as a bundle-based and cognition-dependent outcome, contributing to International Business and Supply Chain Management research while providing actionable insights for firms and managers navigating uncertainty.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: PhD Thesis - Giacomo Grassi
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/255137