Waste generation and waste management remain major environmental challenges. In Malta, the issue is particularly significant due to the country’s strong reliance on landfill disposal. According to Eurostat data from 2022, Malta recorded the highest municipal waste landfill rate among European Union countries. Previous analyses also indicated relatively low levels of environmental awareness and a shortage of accessible green and recreational spaces, limiting opportunities for social interaction. This thesis investigates how the architectural design of a Waste-to-Energy facility can extend beyond its technological function and work as a tool for promoting environmental awareness and public engagement. The research methodology combines a literature review, analysis of waste history, examination of existing waste treatment facilities, and investigation of Malta’s environmental, social, cultural, and spatial context. The design proposal explores architectural strategies that strengthen interaction between society and waste management processes. Rather than functioning solely as industrial infrastructure, the proposed Waste-to-Energy facility integrates educational, recreational, and community-oriented programmes with the technological process. The project incorporates educational spaces, a visitor path alongside the technological process, workshop areas, and publicly accessible indoor and outdoor recreational environments intended to encourage social interaction and public engagement. Within the project, Waste-to-Energy process is considered a transitional response to current waste challenges rather than a permanent solution, while acknowledging the importance of future development toward circular economy principles. The research demonstrates that industrial infrastructure can become an active public environment rather than a hidden technical facility. The project suggests that transparency, education, recreation, and adaptability can strengthen public engagement and reduce the social stigma associated with waste treatment facilities.
La produzione e la gestione dei rifiuti continuano a rappresentare importanti sfide ambientali. A Malta, tale problematica assume una particolare rilevanza a causa della forte dipendenza del Paese dallo smaltimento in discarica. Secondo i dati di Eurostat del 2022, Malta ha registrato il più alto tasso di conferimento in discarica dei rifiuti urbani tra i Paesi dell’Unione Europea. Analisi precedenti hanno inoltre evidenziato livelli relativamente bassi di consapevolezza ambientale e una carenza di spazi verdi e ricreativi accessibili, limitando le opportunità di interazione sociale. La presente tesi indaga come la progettazione architettonica di un impianto Waste-to-Energy possa andare oltre la sua funzione tecnologica e operare come strumento per promuovere la consapevolezza ambientale e il coinvolgimento pubblico. La metodologia di ricerca combina una revisione della letteratura, l’analisi della storia della gestione dei rifiuti, l’esame di impianti esistenti per il trattamento dei rifiuti e l’indagine del contesto ambientale, sociale, culturale e spaziale di Malta. La proposta progettuale esplora strategie architettoniche volte a rafforzare l’interazione tra la società e i processi di gestione dei rifiuti. Piuttosto che funzionare esclusivamente come infrastruttura industriale, l’impianto Waste-to-Energy proposto integra programmi educativi, ricreativi e orientati alla comunità con il processo tecnologico. Il progetto include spazi didattici, un percorso visitatori affiancato al processo tecnologico, aree dedicate a laboratori e ambienti ricreativi accessibili al pubblico, sia interni che esterni, concepiti per favorire l’interazione sociale e la partecipazione della comunità. All’interno del progetto, il processo Waste-to-Energy viene considerato una risposta transitoria alle attuali sfide legate ai rifiuti piuttosto che una soluzione permanente, riconoscendo al contempo l’importanza di una futura evoluzione verso i principi dell’economia circolare. La ricerca dimostra che le infrastrutture industriali possono trasformarsi in spazi pubblici attivi anziché rimanere strutture tecniche nascoste. Il progetto suggerisce che trasparenza, educazione, ricreazione e adattabilità possano rafforzare il coinvolgimento pubblico e ridurre lo stigma sociale associato agli impianti di trattamento dei rifiuti.
Learning from waste: a Waste-to-Energy plant in Malta as a tool for raising environmental awareness
Hetmaniuk, Julia Beata
2025/2026
Abstract
Waste generation and waste management remain major environmental challenges. In Malta, the issue is particularly significant due to the country’s strong reliance on landfill disposal. According to Eurostat data from 2022, Malta recorded the highest municipal waste landfill rate among European Union countries. Previous analyses also indicated relatively low levels of environmental awareness and a shortage of accessible green and recreational spaces, limiting opportunities for social interaction. This thesis investigates how the architectural design of a Waste-to-Energy facility can extend beyond its technological function and work as a tool for promoting environmental awareness and public engagement. The research methodology combines a literature review, analysis of waste history, examination of existing waste treatment facilities, and investigation of Malta’s environmental, social, cultural, and spatial context. The design proposal explores architectural strategies that strengthen interaction between society and waste management processes. Rather than functioning solely as industrial infrastructure, the proposed Waste-to-Energy facility integrates educational, recreational, and community-oriented programmes with the technological process. The project incorporates educational spaces, a visitor path alongside the technological process, workshop areas, and publicly accessible indoor and outdoor recreational environments intended to encourage social interaction and public engagement. Within the project, Waste-to-Energy process is considered a transitional response to current waste challenges rather than a permanent solution, while acknowledging the importance of future development toward circular economy principles. The research demonstrates that industrial infrastructure can become an active public environment rather than a hidden technical facility. The project suggests that transparency, education, recreation, and adaptability can strengthen public engagement and reduce the social stigma associated with waste treatment facilities.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2026_07_Hetmaniuk_Thesis.pdf
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Descrizione: Text of the thesis
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2026_07_Hetmaniuk_Tables_01.pdf
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Descrizione: Tables 12-15
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/260199