Hydrogen is considered as a key energy vector for the transition to low-emission energy systems. However, its storage and transport still present important challenges. Methanol is seen as a solution to those issues: MeOH is liquid at ambient conditions and can be converted into hydrogen through different reforming processes. Hence, the main object of this thesis is the analysis of a dual-purpose plant, able to operate alternatively the methanol synthesis or its conversion to hydrogen. In particular, H2 can be produced by Methanol Steam Reforming, Partial Oxidation and Autothermal Reforming. Initially, the processes are simulated in MATLAB using a one-dimensional pseudo-homogeneous Plug Flow Reactor model. The optimal operating conditions identified from the MATLAB simulations are then implemented in Aspen HYSYS to develop more detailed layouts, in multistep and recycle modes. Each process is then analysed and compared in terms of conversion, selectivity, yield and product flow rate. The results show that both multistep and recycle configurations allow higher reactant exploitation compared to the single-pass operation. An energy optimization based on pinch analysis is performed to reduce the external heat utilities and so recover higher amount of heat coming by the processes themselves. Capital and operating costs are then calculated for the main process units such as reactors, heat exchangers, pumps, compressors and separation units. Finally, a cash flow analysis is carried out to estimate the minimum hydrogen selling price required to recover all the investments is the chosen payback period. From the results, ATR multistep configuration coupled with the MeOH multistep layout revealed to be the best dual-purpose process in terms of economic feasibility and good hydrogen production.
L’idrogeno è considerato un vettore energetico di notevole importanza nella transizione verso sistemi energetici a basse emissioni nonostante il trasporto e lo stoccaggio di tale elemento rappresentino ancora sfide importanti. Il metanolo può rappresentare una possibile soluzione a questi problemi: MeOH si presenta sotto forma liquida a condizioni ambientali e può essere convertito in idrogeno mediante diversi processi di reforming. L’obiettivo di questa tesi è l’analisi e la simulazione di un impianto con duplice scopo, capace di operare alternativamente per la sintesi del metanolo e per la produzione di idrogeno, mediante Methanol Steam Reforming (MSR), Ossidazione Parziale (POX) e Reforming autotermico (ATR). Inizialmente i processi sono simulati in MATLAB applicando un modello monodimensionale di un reattore a flusso pistone (PFR) pseudo-omogeneo. Successivamente i processi sono simulati in Aspen HYSYS secondo configurazioni multistadio e con riciclo, considerando le condizioni operative ottimali stabilite nella prima parte. Ogni processo è poi analizzato e confrontato con gli altri in termini di conversione, selettività, resa e produttività. Dai risultati emerge che entrambe le configurazioni multistadio e con riciclo permettono di sfruttare al meglio i reagenti rispetto ai casi a singolo stadio. In una fase successiva è stata eseguita la pinch analysis per poi procedere con l’ottimizzazione dei processi riducendo la quantità di energia proveniente da fonti ausiliarie esterne e quindi recuperando parte dell’energia interna agli impianti. Sono stati poi calcolati i costi di investimento e i costi operativi per le unità principali come reattori, scambiatori, pompe, compressori e unità di separazione. Infine è stata eseguita un’analisi di cash flow per stimare il prezzo minimo dell’idrogeno per recuperare l’investimento nel periodo di payback stabilito. Dai risultati, la configurazione ATR multistadio accoppiata alla configurazione multistadio per la sintesi del metanolo risulta la configurazione a duplice scopo migliore in termini di fattibilità economica e produttività di idrogeno.
Dual-purpose plant for the production of methanol and green hydrogen: process design and techno-economical assessment
PANZARIELLO, CHIARA
2025/2026
Abstract
Hydrogen is considered as a key energy vector for the transition to low-emission energy systems. However, its storage and transport still present important challenges. Methanol is seen as a solution to those issues: MeOH is liquid at ambient conditions and can be converted into hydrogen through different reforming processes. Hence, the main object of this thesis is the analysis of a dual-purpose plant, able to operate alternatively the methanol synthesis or its conversion to hydrogen. In particular, H2 can be produced by Methanol Steam Reforming, Partial Oxidation and Autothermal Reforming. Initially, the processes are simulated in MATLAB using a one-dimensional pseudo-homogeneous Plug Flow Reactor model. The optimal operating conditions identified from the MATLAB simulations are then implemented in Aspen HYSYS to develop more detailed layouts, in multistep and recycle modes. Each process is then analysed and compared in terms of conversion, selectivity, yield and product flow rate. The results show that both multistep and recycle configurations allow higher reactant exploitation compared to the single-pass operation. An energy optimization based on pinch analysis is performed to reduce the external heat utilities and so recover higher amount of heat coming by the processes themselves. Capital and operating costs are then calculated for the main process units such as reactors, heat exchangers, pumps, compressors and separation units. Finally, a cash flow analysis is carried out to estimate the minimum hydrogen selling price required to recover all the investments is the chosen payback period. From the results, ATR multistep configuration coupled with the MeOH multistep layout revealed to be the best dual-purpose process in terms of economic feasibility and good hydrogen production.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2026_07_Panzariello_Tesi.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/260257