In recent years, the energy transition has been evolving into a new phase in which, alongside sustainability and decarbonization goals, increasing importance is being given to energy security and supply. Attention has therefore shifted not only to how energy is produced, but also to how it is managed, to the integration of renewable energy sources into existing infrastructures, and to accessibility for end users. In this context, the European Union is promoting decentralized and participatory models, including Renewable Energy Communities (RECs). Building on the professional experience gained at Sinergies S.r.l., a techno-economic model was developed in Excel to simulate the operation of a REC configuration. This model was applied to the case study of the Municipality of Baradili (Sardinia), a rural area characterized by low population density and hosting one of the first active REC configurations in Italy. The consumption data used are real, collected directly from users through a local initiative, and were integrated with photovoltaic production estimates based on representative meteorological data. The model enables an hourly simulation of the energy flows that characterize the system’s operation. Based on this tool, the study addresses three main research questions: the evaluation of the energy and economic performance of a real REC, the identification of the main factors limiting its effectiveness, and the assessment of potential improvements achievable through optimization strategies and the integration of energy storage systems. Overall, the thesis demonstrates that RECs represent an effective tool to support the energy transition at the local level, while highlighting the need for careful technical design, a balanced composition of users, and a regulatory framework capable of adequately valuing the services provided by such configurations, particularly those related to flexibility and energy storage systems.
Negli ultimi anni, la transizione energetica sta evolvendo verso una nuova fase in cui, accanto agli obiettivi di sostenibilità e decarbonizzazione, assumono crescente rilevanza i temi della sicurezza e dell’approvvigionamento energetico. L’attenzione si è quindi concentrata non solo sulle modalità di produzione dell’energia, ma anche sulla gestione della stessa, sull’integrazione delle fonti rinnovabili nelle infrastrutture esistenti e sull’accessibilità per gli utenti. In questo contesto, l’Unione Europea sta promuovendo modelli decentralizzati e partecipativi, tra cui le Comunità Energetiche Rinnovabili (CER). Sulla base dell’esperienza lavorativa maturata presso l’azienda Sinergies S.r.l., è stato sviluppato un modello tecnico‑economico in ambiente Excel che consente di simulare il funzionamento di una configurazione CER. Tale modello è stato applicato al caso studio del Comune di Baradili (Sardegna), un contesto rurale a bassa densità abitativa che ospita una delle prime configurazioni CER attive in Italia. I dati di consumo utilizzati sono reali, raccolti direttamente dagli utenti tramite una manifestazione di interesse sul territorio, e integrati con stime di produzione fotovoltaica basate su dati meteorologici rappresentativi. Il modello consente la simulazione oraria dei flussi energetici che caratterizzano il funzionamento del sistema. A partire da questo strumento, il presente studio si propone di affrontare tre quesiti principali: la valutazione delle prestazioni energetiche ed economiche di una CER reale, l’identificazione dei principali fattori che ne limitano l’efficacia e l’analisi del potenziale miglioramento ottenibile tramite strategie di ottimizzazione e l’integrazione di sistemi di accumulo. Nel complesso, la tesi evidenzia come le CER rappresentino uno strumento efficace per supportare la transizione energetica su scala locale, sottolineando tuttavia la necessità di una progettazione accurata, di una composizione equilibrata degli utenti e di un quadro normativo capace di valorizzare adeguatamente i servizi offerti da tali configurazioni, in particolare quelli legati alla flessibilità dei sistemi di accumulo.
Techno-economic assessment and optimization of a renewable energy community in a rural municipality: the Baradili case study
Rossetti, Joshua
2025/2026
Abstract
In recent years, the energy transition has been evolving into a new phase in which, alongside sustainability and decarbonization goals, increasing importance is being given to energy security and supply. Attention has therefore shifted not only to how energy is produced, but also to how it is managed, to the integration of renewable energy sources into existing infrastructures, and to accessibility for end users. In this context, the European Union is promoting decentralized and participatory models, including Renewable Energy Communities (RECs). Building on the professional experience gained at Sinergies S.r.l., a techno-economic model was developed in Excel to simulate the operation of a REC configuration. This model was applied to the case study of the Municipality of Baradili (Sardinia), a rural area characterized by low population density and hosting one of the first active REC configurations in Italy. The consumption data used are real, collected directly from users through a local initiative, and were integrated with photovoltaic production estimates based on representative meteorological data. The model enables an hourly simulation of the energy flows that characterize the system’s operation. Based on this tool, the study addresses three main research questions: the evaluation of the energy and economic performance of a real REC, the identification of the main factors limiting its effectiveness, and the assessment of potential improvements achievable through optimization strategies and the integration of energy storage systems. Overall, the thesis demonstrates that RECs represent an effective tool to support the energy transition at the local level, while highlighting the need for careful technical design, a balanced composition of users, and a regulatory framework capable of adequately valuing the services provided by such configurations, particularly those related to flexibility and energy storage systems.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2026_07_Rossetti.pdf
solo utenti autorizzati a partire dal 03/07/2027
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3.51 MB
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2026_07_Rossetti_Executive Summary.pdf
solo utenti autorizzati a partire dal 03/07/2027
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Adobe PDF
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1.07 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/260601