The research investigates the relationship between childhood and public space in the contemporary city, questioning how the urban environment can be redesigned starting from the needs, practices and rights of children, citizens not only of the future but also, and above all, of the present. Precisely, in an urban context increasingly marked by the centrality of the car, functional fragmentation and the progressive reduction of spontaneous social spaces, children are today among the categories most excluded from the autonomous experience of the city. The thesis, therefore, assumes the child not as the recipient of specialized and separate spaces, but as an interpretative key through which to critically observe the overall urban quality. In this perspective, a city accessible to children also becomes a more inclusive, safe and livable city for the entire population. Therefore, the work explores and critically redefines concepts such as “educating city”, “learning cities” and “educational public space”, interpreting them not as slogans or abstract models, but as urban approaches capable of concretely affecting the ways of inhabiting, crossing and experiencing the city. Through an interdisciplinary approach that intertwines urban planning, pedagogy, urban sociology and studies on public space, the research also builds a theoretical and design framework on another central theme, namely that of the “city of children”, concept developed in different eras and disciplinary approaches. The roots of it, in fact, can be traced back to the Amsterdam playgrounds designed by Aldo van Eyck in the Fifties and Sixties, in the studies, from the Sixties, of Jan Gehl on the city on a human scale in Northern Europe, and in the project La Città dei Bambini developed by Francesco Tonucci in Fano since the Nineties. These experiences have helped to redefine the role of children and public space in contemporary urban policies. The thesis develops a comparative analysis of five European case studies (Milan, Bologna, Turin, Barcelona and Copenhagen) whose selection responds to the desire to investigate five different interpretations of the relationship between childhood and urban transformation. The analysis, therefore, focuses on the different approaches and interpretations that the public administration has initiated, approaching the theme of childhood in a lateral way, to change cities. This selection, therefore, is based on the different operations of public actions, differentiated policies and physical transformations, which contribute to the creation of more livable spaces for children. Milan is interpreted through the theme of mobility and the reconquest of road space; Bologna through the green and the environmental dimension; Turin through the role of the school as an urban educational infrastructure; Barcelona through widespread play and the network of playgrounds; Copenhagen through movement, autonomy and active mobility, starting from the assumption that a city that moves is automatically an healthy urban environment. The comparison between the case studies does not only aim to highlight international good practices, but in particular they propose points of reflection that represent real takeaways to be applied to the Italian context, in order to implement it. Through this comparison, the research identifies strategies, tools and transferable approaches useful for critically rethinking the Piazze Aperte (Open Squares) program in Milan, with the aim of understanding its potential, limits and possible future evolutions from a more child-oriented perspective. The final part of the thesis focuses on the Piazze Aperte report and proposes an operational framework for public action, designed to support the planning, implementation and evaluation of child-friendly public spaces. Conceived as a replicable and adaptable tool, the framework aims to be applicable not only in Milan but also in other urban contexts facing similar challenges in creating more inclusive, accessible and child-oriented public spaces.
La ricerca indaga il rapporto tra infanzia e spazio pubblico nella città contemporanea, interrogandosi su come l’ambiente urbano possa essere riprogettato a partire dai bisogni, dalle pratiche e dai diritti dei bambini, cittadini non soltanto del futuro ma anche, e soprattutto, del presente. In un contesto urbano sempre più segnato dalla centralità dell’automobile, dalla frammentazione funzionale e dalla progressiva riduzione degli spazi spontanei di socialità, i bambini rappresentano oggi una delle categorie maggiormente escluse dall’esperienza autonoma della città. La tesi assume quindi il bambino non come destinatario di spazi specializzati e separati, ma come chiave interpretativa attraverso cui osservare criticamente la qualità urbana complessiva. In questa prospettiva, una città accessibile ai bambini diventa anche una città più inclusiva, sicura e vivibile per l’intera popolazione. Il lavoro esplora e ridefinisce criticamente concetti quali “città educante”, “learning cities” e “spazio pubblico educativo”, interpretandoli non come slogan o modelli astratti, ma come approcci urbanistici capaci di incidere concretamente sulle modalità di abitare, attraversare e vivere la città. Attraverso un approccio interdisciplinare che intreccia urbanistica, pedagogia, sociologia urbana e studi sullo spazio pubblico, la ricerca costruisce inoltre un quadro teorico e progettuale attorno a un altro tema centrale, quello della “città dei bambini”, concetto sviluppato in epoche e ambiti disciplinari differenti. Le sue radici possono essere rintracciate nei playground di Amsterdam progettati da Aldo van Eyck negli anni Cinquanta e Sessanta, negli studi avviati dagli anni Sessanta da Jan Gehl sulla città a misura d’uomo nel Nord Europa e nel progetto La Città dei Bambini sviluppato da Francesco Tonucci a Fano a partire dagli anni Novanta. Queste esperienze hanno contribuito a ridefinire il ruolo dell’infanzia e dello spazio pubblico nelle politiche urbane contemporanee. La tesi sviluppa un’analisi comparativa di cinque casi studio europei (Milano, Bologna, Torino, Barcellona e Copenaghen), la cui selezione risponde alla volontà di indagare cinque differenti interpretazioni del rapporto tra infanzia e trasformazione urbana. L’analisi si concentra quindi sui diversi approcci e sulle differenti interpretazioni che le amministrazioni pubbliche hanno adottato, affrontando il tema dell’infanzia in modo laterale come strumento per trasformare la città. La scelta dei casi studio si fonda pertanto sulla varietà delle azioni pubbliche, delle politiche adottate e delle trasformazioni fisiche realizzate, che contribuiscono alla creazione di spazi più vivibili per i bambini. Milano viene interpretata attraverso il tema della mobilità e della riconquista dello spazio stradale; Bologna attraverso il verde e la dimensione ambientale; Torino attraverso il ruolo della scuola come infrastruttura educativa urbana; Barcellona attraverso il gioco diffuso e la rete degli spazi ludici; Copenaghen attraverso il movimento, l’autonomia e la mobilità attiva, partendo dal presupposto che una città che si muove sia, per definizione, un ambiente urbano più sano. Il confronto tra i casi studio non mira soltanto a evidenziare buone pratiche internazionali, ma soprattutto a individuare spunti di riflessione e insegnamenti trasferibili al contesto italiano, al fine di rafforzarne e implementarne le politiche urbane. Attraverso questo confronto, la ricerca identifica strategie, strumenti e approcci trasferibili utili a ripensare criticamente il programma Piazze Aperte di Milano, con l’obiettivo di comprenderne potenzialità, limiti e possibili evoluzioni future da una prospettiva maggiormente orientata all’infanzia. La parte conclusiva della tesi si concentra sull’analisi del programma Piazze Aperte e propone un quadro operativo per l’azione pubblica, concepito per supportare la progettazione, l’attuazione e la valutazione di spazi pubblici a misura di bambino. Pensato come uno strumento replicabile e adattabile, tale quadro mira a essere applicabile non solo a Milano, ma anche in altri contesti urbani che si confrontano con sfide analoghe nella creazione di spazi pubblici più inclusivi, accessibili e orientati all’infanzia.
Reframing cities through childhood : five interpretative keys for an urban operational model
Mantione, Giada
2025/2026
Abstract
The research investigates the relationship between childhood and public space in the contemporary city, questioning how the urban environment can be redesigned starting from the needs, practices and rights of children, citizens not only of the future but also, and above all, of the present. Precisely, in an urban context increasingly marked by the centrality of the car, functional fragmentation and the progressive reduction of spontaneous social spaces, children are today among the categories most excluded from the autonomous experience of the city. The thesis, therefore, assumes the child not as the recipient of specialized and separate spaces, but as an interpretative key through which to critically observe the overall urban quality. In this perspective, a city accessible to children also becomes a more inclusive, safe and livable city for the entire population. Therefore, the work explores and critically redefines concepts such as “educating city”, “learning cities” and “educational public space”, interpreting them not as slogans or abstract models, but as urban approaches capable of concretely affecting the ways of inhabiting, crossing and experiencing the city. Through an interdisciplinary approach that intertwines urban planning, pedagogy, urban sociology and studies on public space, the research also builds a theoretical and design framework on another central theme, namely that of the “city of children”, concept developed in different eras and disciplinary approaches. The roots of it, in fact, can be traced back to the Amsterdam playgrounds designed by Aldo van Eyck in the Fifties and Sixties, in the studies, from the Sixties, of Jan Gehl on the city on a human scale in Northern Europe, and in the project La Città dei Bambini developed by Francesco Tonucci in Fano since the Nineties. These experiences have helped to redefine the role of children and public space in contemporary urban policies. The thesis develops a comparative analysis of five European case studies (Milan, Bologna, Turin, Barcelona and Copenhagen) whose selection responds to the desire to investigate five different interpretations of the relationship between childhood and urban transformation. The analysis, therefore, focuses on the different approaches and interpretations that the public administration has initiated, approaching the theme of childhood in a lateral way, to change cities. This selection, therefore, is based on the different operations of public actions, differentiated policies and physical transformations, which contribute to the creation of more livable spaces for children. Milan is interpreted through the theme of mobility and the reconquest of road space; Bologna through the green and the environmental dimension; Turin through the role of the school as an urban educational infrastructure; Barcelona through widespread play and the network of playgrounds; Copenhagen through movement, autonomy and active mobility, starting from the assumption that a city that moves is automatically an healthy urban environment. The comparison between the case studies does not only aim to highlight international good practices, but in particular they propose points of reflection that represent real takeaways to be applied to the Italian context, in order to implement it. Through this comparison, the research identifies strategies, tools and transferable approaches useful for critically rethinking the Piazze Aperte (Open Squares) program in Milan, with the aim of understanding its potential, limits and possible future evolutions from a more child-oriented perspective. The final part of the thesis focuses on the Piazze Aperte report and proposes an operational framework for public action, designed to support the planning, implementation and evaluation of child-friendly public spaces. Conceived as a replicable and adaptable tool, the framework aims to be applicable not only in Milan but also in other urban contexts facing similar challenges in creating more inclusive, accessible and child-oriented public spaces.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2026_07_Mantione_Thesis.pdf
accessibile in internet solo dagli utenti autorizzati
Descrizione: Testo della tesi
Dimensione
256.31 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
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256.31 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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2026_07_Mantione_Piazze Aperte.pdf
accessibile in internet solo dagli utenti autorizzati
Descrizione: Elaborato extra_riscrittura del programma Piazze Aperte per ogni scuola (Milano)
Dimensione
30.43 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
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30.43 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/260772