This study originated from reflecting on Anthony D. King’s seminal dual city model of colonial urbanization, which theorizes rigid spatial segregation enforced by infrastructure as a physical barrier. Given the author’s professional background in railway infrastructure analysis, this research addresses an empirical perplexity of why Taiwanese cities, despite undergoing radical modernization under Japanese rule, did not exhibit such polarized territorial separation. To understand the mechanism, this thesis investigates to what extent and in what ways the implementation of the colonial railway system restructured the urban morphology of Taiwanese cities, establishing a diverted modality of socio-spatial separation. This thesis adopts a historical urban morphology framework grounded in map redrawing and synthesis. Focusing on Chiayi City, a mid-sized Han Chinese fortress town reconstructed during the colonial era, the study cross-examines the precolonial vernacular streetscapes against the orthogonal grid plans established under Japanese rule, supplemented by administrative zoning and demographic census data. The empirical analysis reveals that the colonial railway network functioned not as an ethnic divider, but as a tool that worked as an "urban anchor" and a "spatial filter". The implantation of the trunk line railway, private sugar railway, and forestry railway stations deconstructed the centripetal logic of the historical core, reorienting the urban gravity into a polycentric "industrial triangle". This rational geometric matrix operated as a stratification machine; with the uneven distribution of infrastructure proximity and invisible accessibility thresholds, the colonial regime generated a dynamic of relational hierarchy and ethnic gradient filtering, rather than territorial exclusion. By demonstrating how colonial power rewrote urban space through infrastructural intervention, this research corroborates with other Southeast Asian contexts like the Indonesian Kampungs to manifest a different structure in colonial urbanism in the Global South.
Questo studio nasce da una riflessione sul modello seminale della "città duale" di Anthony D. King sull'urbanizzazione coloniale, il quale teorizza una rigida segregazione spaziale imposta dalle infrastrutture come barriera fisica. Dato il background professionale dell'autrice nell'analisi delle infrastrutture ferroviarie, questa ricerca affronta una perplessità empirica: il motivo per cui le città taiwanesi, nonostante abbiano subìto una radicale modernizzazione sotto il dominio giapponese, non abbiano mostrato una separazione territoriale così polarizzata. Per comprenderne il meccanismo, questa tesi indaga in quale misura e in quali modi l'implementazione del sistema ferroviario coloniale abbia ristrutturato la morfologia urbana delle città taiwanesi, stabilendo una peculiare modalità di separazione socio-spaziale. Questa tesi adotta un quadro di morfologia urbana storica basato sul ridisegno e sulla sintesi cartografica. Concentrandosi sulla città di Chiayi, una città-fortezza Han di medie dimensioni ristrutturata durante l'era coloniale, lo studio analizza comparativamente la trama viaria vernacolare precoloniale e i piani a griglia ortogonale stabiliti sotto il dominio giapponese, integrati da dati sulla zonizzazione amministrativa e sul censimento demografico. L'analisi empirica rivela che la rete ferroviaria coloniale non ha funzionato come un divisore etnico, ma come uno strumento che ha agito da "ancora urbana" e da "filtro spaziale". L'impianto della linea ferroviaria principale, della ferrovia privata dello zucchero e delle stazioni ferroviarie forestali ha decostruito la logica centripeta del nucleo storico, riorientando la gravità urbana in un "triangolo industriale" policentrico. Questa matrice geometrica razionale operava come una macchina di stratificazione; con la distribuzione ineguale della prossimità infrastrutturale e delle soglie invisibili di accessibilità, il regime coloniale ha generato una dinamica di gerarchia relazionale e di filtraggio a gradiente etnico, piuttosto che un'esclusione territoriale. Dimostrando come il potere coloniale abbia riscritto lo spazio urbano attraverso l'intervento infrastrutturale, questa ricerca trova riscontro in altri contesti del sud-est asiatico, come i Kampung indonesiani, per manifestare una struttura diversa nell'urbanesimo coloniale del Sud del mondo.
Urban morphology on the rails: Colonial infrastructure and the urban palimpsest of chiayi city, taiwan
Hsu, Ming Hsuan
2025/2026
Abstract
This study originated from reflecting on Anthony D. King’s seminal dual city model of colonial urbanization, which theorizes rigid spatial segregation enforced by infrastructure as a physical barrier. Given the author’s professional background in railway infrastructure analysis, this research addresses an empirical perplexity of why Taiwanese cities, despite undergoing radical modernization under Japanese rule, did not exhibit such polarized territorial separation. To understand the mechanism, this thesis investigates to what extent and in what ways the implementation of the colonial railway system restructured the urban morphology of Taiwanese cities, establishing a diverted modality of socio-spatial separation. This thesis adopts a historical urban morphology framework grounded in map redrawing and synthesis. Focusing on Chiayi City, a mid-sized Han Chinese fortress town reconstructed during the colonial era, the study cross-examines the precolonial vernacular streetscapes against the orthogonal grid plans established under Japanese rule, supplemented by administrative zoning and demographic census data. The empirical analysis reveals that the colonial railway network functioned not as an ethnic divider, but as a tool that worked as an "urban anchor" and a "spatial filter". The implantation of the trunk line railway, private sugar railway, and forestry railway stations deconstructed the centripetal logic of the historical core, reorienting the urban gravity into a polycentric "industrial triangle". This rational geometric matrix operated as a stratification machine; with the uneven distribution of infrastructure proximity and invisible accessibility thresholds, the colonial regime generated a dynamic of relational hierarchy and ethnic gradient filtering, rather than territorial exclusion. By demonstrating how colonial power rewrote urban space through infrastructural intervention, this research corroborates with other Southeast Asian contexts like the Indonesian Kampungs to manifest a different structure in colonial urbanism in the Global South.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/260796