This thesis examines the design of sustainable and self sufficient habitat systems that can support long term human life on Mars. The study focuses on architectural strategies that can be developed to address environmental conditions on Mars that directly impact human life, such as high radiation levels, extreme temperature variations, dust storms, and limited resources. The aim is to develop a safe, habitable, and operationally sustainable settlement model under these constraints. The research consists of environmental analog studies between the Earth and Mars, site selection evaluations, and architectural design development processes. In this context, the topographic and geological features of Mars were analysed to determine a suitable area for settlement. Furthermore, the potential physical, psychological, and social impacts of long term isolation on astronauts were evaluated, and spatial and operational requirements for establishing a sustainable life cycle with limited resources were defined. Based on the data obtained, a modular and expandable habitat system adaptable to environmental conditions was developed. The proposed model integrates living, working, research, and food production functions within a unified structure. The system aims to provide structural integrity, environmental protection, and operational continuity through kinetic domes that can adapt to changing environmental conditions. During the design process, the physiological needs of users, as well as their psychological well being, social interaction, physical activity, and privacy needs, were considered. In conclusion, the study proposes an architectural solution for a scalable and autonomous habitat system adapted to extreme Martian conditions. By integrating environmental analysis, human factors, and modular building components, the thesis presents a feasible methodology for the design of extraterrestrial settlements and contributes to architectural research and development of human centred habitat systems in extreme environmental conditions.
Questa tesi esamina la progettazione di sistemi abitativi sostenibili e autosufficienti in grado di supportare la vita umana a lungo termine su Marte. Lo studio si concentra su strategie architettoniche sviluppate per affrontare le condizioni ambientali marziane che incidono direttamente sulla vita umana, come gli elevati livelli di radiazione, le estreme variazioni di temperatura, le tempeste di polvere e la limitatezza delle risorse. L’obiettivo è sviluppare un modello di insediamento sicuro, abitabile e sostenibile dal punto di vista operativo entro tali vincoli. La ricerca comprende studi comparativi degli ambienti terrestri e marziani, valutazioni per la selezione del sito e processi di sviluppo della progettazione architettonica. In questo contesto, sono state analizzate le caratteristiche topografiche e geologiche di Marte per individuare un’area idonea all’insediamento. Inoltre, sono stati valutati i potenziali impatti fisici, psicologici e sociali dell’isolamento prolungato sugli astronauti e sono stati definiti i requisiti spaziali e operativi necessari per stabilire un ciclo di vita sostenibile con risorse limitate. Sulla base dei dati raccolti, è stato sviluppato un sistema abitativo modulare ed espandibile, adattabile alle condizioni ambientali. Il modello proposto integra funzioni abitative, lavorative, di ricerca e di produzione alimentare all’interno di una struttura unificata. Il sistema mira a garantire integrità strutturale, protezione ambientale e continuità operativa attraverso cupole cinetiche capaci di adattarsi alle mutevoli condizioni ambientali. Durante il processo di progettazione sono state considerate non solo le esigenze fisiologiche degli utenti, ma anche il loro benessere psicologico, l’interazione sociale, l’attività fisica e il bisogno di privacy. In conclusione, lo studio propone una soluzione architettonica per un sistema abitativo scalabile e autonomo, adattato alle estreme condizioni marziane. Integrando analisi ambientali, fattori umani e componenti costruttivi modulari, la tesi presenta una metodologia concreta per la progettazione di insediamenti extraterrestri e contribuisce alla ricerca architettonica e allo sviluppo di sistemi abitativi incentrati sull’essere umano in condizioni ambientali estreme.
Designing a self-sufficient habitat for long-term Mars settlements
Erkus, Mustafa
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis examines the design of sustainable and self sufficient habitat systems that can support long term human life on Mars. The study focuses on architectural strategies that can be developed to address environmental conditions on Mars that directly impact human life, such as high radiation levels, extreme temperature variations, dust storms, and limited resources. The aim is to develop a safe, habitable, and operationally sustainable settlement model under these constraints. The research consists of environmental analog studies between the Earth and Mars, site selection evaluations, and architectural design development processes. In this context, the topographic and geological features of Mars were analysed to determine a suitable area for settlement. Furthermore, the potential physical, psychological, and social impacts of long term isolation on astronauts were evaluated, and spatial and operational requirements for establishing a sustainable life cycle with limited resources were defined. Based on the data obtained, a modular and expandable habitat system adaptable to environmental conditions was developed. The proposed model integrates living, working, research, and food production functions within a unified structure. The system aims to provide structural integrity, environmental protection, and operational continuity through kinetic domes that can adapt to changing environmental conditions. During the design process, the physiological needs of users, as well as their psychological well being, social interaction, physical activity, and privacy needs, were considered. In conclusion, the study proposes an architectural solution for a scalable and autonomous habitat system adapted to extreme Martian conditions. By integrating environmental analysis, human factors, and modular building components, the thesis presents a feasible methodology for the design of extraterrestrial settlements and contributes to architectural research and development of human centred habitat systems in extreme environmental conditions.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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DESIGNING A SELF-SUFFICIENT HABITAT FOR LONG-TERM MARS SETTLEMENTS.pdf
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Descrizione: This paper investigates the design of a sustainable, self-sufficient habitat system for long-term human settlement on Mars. The research focuses on the environmental challenges of the Martian surface, including high radiation levels, extreme temperature changes, dust storms, and limited natural resources. Through environmental analysis, site evaluation, and architectural design, a suitable settlement location is identified while addressing the physical, psychological, and social needs of future astronauts. The concept design is influenced by the form and function of the 'Eye' for the habitat's organisation and responsive kinetic domes. The proposed design consists of interconnected modules that accommodate living, research, work, and food production while providing protection from the harsh Martian environment. By combining environmental research with human-centred design and modular architecture, the thesis offers a practical approach to developing resilient and expandable habitats for future missions to Mars.
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/260878