This thesis presents the work carried out during an internship period within an Earth observation mission analysis team, focused on the development of a software tool for the optimisation of station-keeping maneuvers of geosynchronous satellites. The objective of the tool is to maintain the spacecraft in a prescribed narrow slot in the presence of perturbations, while minimising propellant consumption under operational constraints. Building the tool first needs the choice of the software framework, because the framework limits the quality the tool can reach. The problem is therefore twofold: first, to evaluate and select between the two identified frameworks, CasADi and GODOT, according to the team's needs; and second, to design and implement a tool that satisfies both team's objectives and software quality expectations. The team's quality preferences were organised, according to the ISO software quality standard, into evaluation criteria, embracing both qualitative and experimental aspects. The experimental assessment consisted of a campaign over three sets of representative scenarios. The final decision was obtained using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A sensitivity analysis measured how stable the decision was against changes in the criteria weights. The comparison led to the selection of GODOT, and the tool, called GEOSKiDOT, was built on top of it. GEOSKiDOT formulates the station-keeping problem as a nonlinear program compatible with GODOT, drives its usage and returns the optimised trajectory, for both chemical and electric propulsion systems. The tool is based on a layered architecture employing a strategy design that follows the components of a generic optimisation problem, ensuring ease of modification and flexibility. The comparative analysis also showed that, under the tested conditions, CasADi was, on average, about 35 times faster than GODOT. Despite this, GODOT was preferred due to its overall alignment with the team’s requirements. The tool is current in a prototype stage but has been designed as a robust and extensible foundation. It already implements the core functionalities equired to support the team's ongoing activities.
Questa tesi presenta il lavoro svolto durante un tirocinio all'interno di un team di analisi di missione per l'osservazione della Terra, incentrato sullo sviluppo di un software per l'ottimizzazione delle manovre di station-keeping per satelliti geosincroni. L'obiettivo dello strumento è mantenere il satellite in una finestra predefinita in presenza di perturbazioni, minimizzando il consumo di propellente e rispettando i vincoli operativi. La creazione del tool richiede innanzitutto la scelta del framework software, poiché quest'ultimo definisce i limiti di qualità raggiungibili. Il problema è quindi duplice: in primo luogo, valutare e scegliere tra i due framework individuati, CasADi e GODOT, in base alle esigenze del team; in secondo luogo, progettare e implementare uno strumento che soddisfi sia gli obiettivi operativi che le aspettative di qualità. Le preferenze di qualità del team sono state organizzate, secondo gli standard ISO, in criteri di valutazione qualitativi e sperimentali. La valutazione sperimentale è consistita in una campagna su tre set di scenari rappresentativi. La decisione finale è stata presa tramite l'Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Un'analisi di sensibilità ha poi misurato la stabilità della scelta al variare dei pesi dei criteri. Il confronto ha portato alla selezione di GODOT, su cui è stato sviluppato il tool GEOSKiDOT. Questo formula il problema di station-keeping come un programma non lineare compatibile con GODOT, ne gestisce l'uso e restituisce la traiettoria ottimizzata, sia per propulsioni chimiche che elettriche. Lo strumento sfrutta un'architettura a livelli con un design costruito su strategie basate sui componenti di un generico problema di ottimizzazione, garantendo flessibilità e facilità di modifica. L'analisi comparativa ha inoltre rivelato che, nelle condizioni di test, CasADi è risultato in media 35 volte più veloce di GODOT. Nonostante ciò, GODOT è stato preferito per il suo allineamento complessivo ai requisiti del team. Attualmente in fase prototipale, lo strumento è stato progettato come base solida ed estensibile, e implementa già le funzionalità chiave necessarie per supportare le attività in corso del team.
GEOSKiDOT: towards the development of a geosynchronous station-keeping optimisation tool
Siviero, Lorenzo
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis presents the work carried out during an internship period within an Earth observation mission analysis team, focused on the development of a software tool for the optimisation of station-keeping maneuvers of geosynchronous satellites. The objective of the tool is to maintain the spacecraft in a prescribed narrow slot in the presence of perturbations, while minimising propellant consumption under operational constraints. Building the tool first needs the choice of the software framework, because the framework limits the quality the tool can reach. The problem is therefore twofold: first, to evaluate and select between the two identified frameworks, CasADi and GODOT, according to the team's needs; and second, to design and implement a tool that satisfies both team's objectives and software quality expectations. The team's quality preferences were organised, according to the ISO software quality standard, into evaluation criteria, embracing both qualitative and experimental aspects. The experimental assessment consisted of a campaign over three sets of representative scenarios. The final decision was obtained using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A sensitivity analysis measured how stable the decision was against changes in the criteria weights. The comparison led to the selection of GODOT, and the tool, called GEOSKiDOT, was built on top of it. GEOSKiDOT formulates the station-keeping problem as a nonlinear program compatible with GODOT, drives its usage and returns the optimised trajectory, for both chemical and electric propulsion systems. The tool is based on a layered architecture employing a strategy design that follows the components of a generic optimisation problem, ensuring ease of modification and flexibility. The comparative analysis also showed that, under the tested conditions, CasADi was, on average, about 35 times faster than GODOT. Despite this, GODOT was preferred due to its overall alignment with the team’s requirements. The tool is current in a prototype stage but has been designed as a robust and extensible foundation. It already implements the core functionalities equired to support the team's ongoing activities.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2026_06_Siviero_Tesi.pdf
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Descrizione: Testo della tesi
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2026_06_Siviero_Executive Summary.pdf
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Descrizione: Executive Summary
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/260911