This thesis project examines the evolution of public housing policies starting from the Italian case, with a particular focus on the INA-Casa plan and on how the concept of public housing has evolved from the post-World War II period to the present day. The aim is to understand how the role of the State in the construction and management of social housing has changed over time, highlighting its challenges, achievements, and probable future perspectives. Beginning with the emergence of Italian social housing policies after the Second World War, the research focuses on the INA-Casa plan, emphasizing the contribution of Amintore Fanfani. Through the analysis of historical data and reports from the period, the study illustrates the results achieved by the plan, both in terms of housing construction and employment generation, while also examining the architectural and artistic value of public housing projects. This section of the thesis additionally analyses four case studies located in north-eastern Italy, ranging from the smallest and least known example to the largest and most renowned one. The phenomenon of public housing in the post-war period was not exclusively Italian; for this reason, the experiences of Belgium, the United Kingdom, Austria, and Germany are also taken into consideration. Following this first analytical section, the second chapter discusses how national housing policies were progressively reduced from the late 1970s onwards, when the management of public housing was increasingly delegated to local and regional authorities. In this context, it becomes essential to analyse how the very concept of “public housing” changed because of the social, economic, and demographic transformations affecting contemporary European society. Through the presentation of several recent case studies, the thesis demonstrates how housing policies shifted from a national to a local dimension. Subsequently, new tools that can be employed to address the housing issue are examined, together with the evolving concept of social housing and the role it can play today. Over more than seventy years of history, the paradigms have changed, as have the population and the challenges it faces. In this context, the guidelines adopted by various international institutions and organizations provide the foundation for a large-scale revitalization of social policies. Finally, a critical reflection on the current state of housing policies in Italy is presented. By comparing the Italian experience with those of other European countries, strategies are identified for rethinking public housing from a contemporary perspective, integrating political, economic, and social dimensions.
Questo progetto di tesi esamina come sono cambiate le politiche abitative pubbliche partendo dal caso italiano, con particolare focus sul piano INA-Casa e su come il concetto di edilizia popolare si sia evoluto dal secondo dopoguerra a oggi. Si vuole capire come il ruolo dello Stato nella costruzione e gestione delle case popolari sia cambiato nel tempo, evidenziando problemi, risultati e possibili prospettive future. Partendo della nascita delle politiche sociali abitative italiane dopo la Seconda Guerra Mondiale, ci si è concentrati sul piano INA-Casa ponendo l’accento sul contributo di Amintore Fanfani. Analizzando i dati dell'epoca, viene mostrato cosa ha raggiunto il piano, sia in termini di costruzione di case che di occupazione, non dimenticando di trattare il valore architettonico e artistico delle abitazioni popolari. In questa parte del progetto vengono, inoltre, analizzati quattro casi studio nel nord-est italiano, dal caso più piccolo e sconosciuto a quello più grande e noto. Il fenomeno dell’edilizia popolare nel secondo dopoguerra non è un caso solo italiano; per tale motivo vengono presi in considerazione anche le esperienze di Belgio, Regno Unito, Austria e Germania. Dopo questa prima parte di analisi, il secondo capitolo tratta di come le politiche abitative nazionali siano state ridimensionate con la fine dagli anni Settanta, quando la gestione dell'edilizia popolare è stata affidata agli enti locali e regionali. Qui risulta fondamentale analizzare come il concetto di “casa popolare” sia cambiato a causa dei cambiamenti sociali, economici e demografici della società europea contemporanea. Presentando alcuni casi studio recenti, viene mostrato come le politiche abitative siano passate dalla nazionalità alla località. Successivamente vengono presi in considerazione nuovi strumenti che possono essere utilizzati per affrontare il problema abitativo, i mutamenti del concetto di edilizia sociale e il ruolo che questa può rappresentare oggi. I paradigmi in oltre Settant’anni di storia sono mutati, così come la popolazione e i problemi che essa si ritrova a fronteggiare. In questo contesto il ruolo delle linee guida varate dalle varie potenze internazionali rappresenta la base per un rilancio delle politiche sociali a grande scala. In fine, viene proposta una riflessione critica sull’attuale stato di fatto delle politiche abitative in Italia. Confrontando l'esperienza italiana con quelle europee vengono individuate possibili strategie per ripensare il tema della casa popolare in chiave contemporanea, integrando aspetti politici, economici e sociali.
Edilizia popolare 1945-2026 : una storia da riattualizzare
Casati, Claudia;Pellegrini, Davide
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis project examines the evolution of public housing policies starting from the Italian case, with a particular focus on the INA-Casa plan and on how the concept of public housing has evolved from the post-World War II period to the present day. The aim is to understand how the role of the State in the construction and management of social housing has changed over time, highlighting its challenges, achievements, and probable future perspectives. Beginning with the emergence of Italian social housing policies after the Second World War, the research focuses on the INA-Casa plan, emphasizing the contribution of Amintore Fanfani. Through the analysis of historical data and reports from the period, the study illustrates the results achieved by the plan, both in terms of housing construction and employment generation, while also examining the architectural and artistic value of public housing projects. This section of the thesis additionally analyses four case studies located in north-eastern Italy, ranging from the smallest and least known example to the largest and most renowned one. The phenomenon of public housing in the post-war period was not exclusively Italian; for this reason, the experiences of Belgium, the United Kingdom, Austria, and Germany are also taken into consideration. Following this first analytical section, the second chapter discusses how national housing policies were progressively reduced from the late 1970s onwards, when the management of public housing was increasingly delegated to local and regional authorities. In this context, it becomes essential to analyse how the very concept of “public housing” changed because of the social, economic, and demographic transformations affecting contemporary European society. Through the presentation of several recent case studies, the thesis demonstrates how housing policies shifted from a national to a local dimension. Subsequently, new tools that can be employed to address the housing issue are examined, together with the evolving concept of social housing and the role it can play today. Over more than seventy years of history, the paradigms have changed, as have the population and the challenges it faces. In this context, the guidelines adopted by various international institutions and organizations provide the foundation for a large-scale revitalization of social policies. Finally, a critical reflection on the current state of housing policies in Italy is presented. By comparing the Italian experience with those of other European countries, strategies are identified for rethinking public housing from a contemporary perspective, integrating political, economic, and social dimensions.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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EDILIZIA POPOLARE 1945-2026. Una storia da riattualizzare - Claudia Casati - Davide Pellegrini.pdf
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Descrizione: Tesi di Laurea Magistrale. Scuola di Architettura, Urbanistica, Ingegneria delle costruzioni. EDILIZIA POPOLARE 1945-2026. Una storia da riuattualizzare
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/260961