The earthquakes of February 2023 exposed profound ecological, social, and spatial vulnerabilities within the city of İskenderun, Hatay. Beyond the immediate destruction of buildings and infrastructure, the disaster revealed deeper systemic fragilities rooted in decades of coastal expansion, ecological degradation, centralized urban development, and risk-insensitive planning. Phenomena such as soil liquefaction, the occupation of public open spaces by temporary settlements, the degradation of natural waterways, and the displacement of communities highlighted the complex relationship between environmental conditions and urban form. This thesis investigates how these fragilities can be transformed into catalysts for an antifragile urban system—one that is capable not only of withstanding disturbances but of adapting and improving through them. Through historical analysis, territorial mapping, and multi-layered risk assessment, the research identifies the ecological and social conditions that amplified the impacts of the earthquake. Based on these findings, the thesis proposes a framework of interconnected strategies including risk-based zoning, the restoration of the Aşkarbeyli Stream (Feyezan Kanali), and targeted urban densification. Together, these interventions address both ecological and social fragilities by guiding development away from high-risk areas, restoring environmental systems, and enabling displaced populations to return to existing urban neighbourhoods. Drawing on the cultural structure of the Turkish mahalle, the proposal prioritises social continuity and community networks while reclaiming open spaces currently occupied by temporary settlements. Rather than addressing ecological and social challenges independently, the project treats them as components of a single urban system. The restoration of ecological corridors, the reintegration of displaced populations into the existing urban fabric, and the recovery of public open spaces work collectively to strengthen the city’s capacity to respond to future shocks while improving everyday urban life.
I terremoti del febbraio 2023 hanno messo in luce profonde vulnerabilità ecologiche, sociali e spaziali nella città di İskenderun, nella provincia di Hatay. Oltre alla distruzione immediata di edifici e infrastrutture, il disastro ha rivelato fragilità sistemiche radicate in decenni di espansione costiera, degrado ecologico, sviluppo urbano centralizzato e pianificazione non sensibile al rischio. Fenomeni come la liquefazione del suolo, l’occupazione degli spazi aperti pubblici da parte di insediamenti temporanei, il degrado dei corsi d’acqua naturali e lo sfollamento delle comunità hanno evidenziato la complessa relazione tra condizioni ambientali e forma urbana. Questa tesi indaga come tali fragilità possano essere trasformate in catalizzatori di un sistema urbano antifragile, capace non solo di resistere alle perturbazioni, ma anche di adattarsi e migliorarsi attraverso di esse. Attraverso analisi storiche, mappature territoriali e una valutazione multilivello del rischio, la ricerca identifica le condizioni ecologiche e sociali che hanno amplificato gli effetti del terremoto. Sulla base di queste analisi, la tesi propone un quadro integrato di strategie che comprende la zonizzazione basata sul rischio, la riqualificazione del torrente Aşkarbeyli (Feyezan Kanali) una densificazione urbana mirata. Insieme, questi interventi affrontano le fragilità ecologiche e sociali guidando lo sviluppo lontano dalle aree ad alto rischio, ripristinando i sistemi ambientali e consentendo alle popolazioni sfollate di ritornare nei quartieri urbani esistenti. Facendo riferimento alla struttura culturale del mahalle turco, la proposta valorizza la continuità sociale e le reti comunitarie, recuperando al contempo gli spazi aperti attualmente occupati da insediamenti temporanei. Piuttosto che affrontare separatamente le problematiche ecologiche e sociali, il progetto le considera come componenti di un unico sistema urbano. Il ripristino dei corridoi ecologici, il reinserimento delle popolazioni sfollate nel tessuto urbano esistente e il recupero degli spazi pubblici aperti contribuiscono congiuntamente a rafforzare la capacità della città di rispondere a futuri shock, migliorando al tempo stesso la qualità della vita quotidiana.
Fragile grounds, antifragile futures: towards a post-disaster urban design framework
Garipoglu, Ilknur;Li, Yuqun;Marathe, Pranjali
2025/2026
Abstract
The earthquakes of February 2023 exposed profound ecological, social, and spatial vulnerabilities within the city of İskenderun, Hatay. Beyond the immediate destruction of buildings and infrastructure, the disaster revealed deeper systemic fragilities rooted in decades of coastal expansion, ecological degradation, centralized urban development, and risk-insensitive planning. Phenomena such as soil liquefaction, the occupation of public open spaces by temporary settlements, the degradation of natural waterways, and the displacement of communities highlighted the complex relationship between environmental conditions and urban form. This thesis investigates how these fragilities can be transformed into catalysts for an antifragile urban system—one that is capable not only of withstanding disturbances but of adapting and improving through them. Through historical analysis, territorial mapping, and multi-layered risk assessment, the research identifies the ecological and social conditions that amplified the impacts of the earthquake. Based on these findings, the thesis proposes a framework of interconnected strategies including risk-based zoning, the restoration of the Aşkarbeyli Stream (Feyezan Kanali), and targeted urban densification. Together, these interventions address both ecological and social fragilities by guiding development away from high-risk areas, restoring environmental systems, and enabling displaced populations to return to existing urban neighbourhoods. Drawing on the cultural structure of the Turkish mahalle, the proposal prioritises social continuity and community networks while reclaiming open spaces currently occupied by temporary settlements. Rather than addressing ecological and social challenges independently, the project treats them as components of a single urban system. The restoration of ecological corridors, the reintegration of displaced populations into the existing urban fabric, and the recovery of public open spaces work collectively to strengthen the city’s capacity to respond to future shocks while improving everyday urban life.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
2026_07_Garipoglu_Marathe_Li.pdf
accessibile in internet per tutti a partire dal 30/06/2027
Descrizione: Thesis-Booklet
Dimensione
55.96 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
55.96 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/260970