The building sector faces increasing environmental and social challenges, requiring reductions in carbon emissions, improved resource efficiency, and adaptation of the existing building stock to changing societal needs. Among the available strategies, adaptive reuse has emerged as an effective approach to preserve architectural heritage, enhance environmental performance, and extend building service life. At the same time, cities such as Milan face growing demand for affordable student housing alongside an ageing population, highlighting the need for more inclusive residential models. This thesis investigates the adaptive reuse of a former 1920s school building in Via Zama, Milan, proposing its transformation into an intergenerational housing community for university students and independent older adults. The project preserves the architectural identity of the existing building while promoting social interaction, accessibility, and long-term sustainability. The design combines architectural development with environmental performance assessment to define a comprehensive retrofit strategy. Passive and active design measures are integrated with circular economy principles to improve building performance and support future embodied carbon assessment through Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs). Environmental performance was evaluated using dynamic energy simulations. Rather than considering adaptive reuse solely as a conservation strategy, this research demonstrates its potential as an integrated design approach capable of addressing environmental, technical, and social objectives simultaneously. The proposed methodology shows how existing educational buildings can be transformed into high-performance residential environments while preserving their cultural value and contributing to a more sustainable and inclusive urban future.
Il settore delle costruzioni è chiamato ad affrontare importanti sfide ambientali e sociali, legate alla riduzione delle emissioni di carbonio, all’uso efficiente delle risorse e alla riqualificazione del patrimonio edilizio esistente. In questo contesto, il riuso adattivo rappresenta una strategia efficace per preservare il valore architettonico degli edifici, migliorarne le prestazioni ambientali ed estenderne il ciclo di vita. Parallelamente, città come Milano registrano una crescente domanda di alloggi accessibili per studenti universitari e un progressivo invecchiamento della popolazione, evidenziando la necessità di modelli abitativi più inclusivi. La presente tesi analizza il riuso adattivo di un ex edificio scolastico degli anni Venti situato in Via Zama, a Milano, proponendone la trasformazione in una residenza intergenerazionale destinata a studenti universitari e anziani autosufficienti. Il progetto mira a preservare l’identità architettonica dell’edificio esistente, favorendo l’interazione sociale, l’accessibilità e la sostenibilità nel lungo periodo. Il percorso progettuale integra la progettazione architettonica con la valutazione delle prestazioni ambientali per definire una strategia complessiva di riqualificazione. Le prestazioni dell’edificio sono migliorate mediante strategie passive e attive integrate con i principi dell’economia circolare, mentre le prestazioni energetiche sono state valutate attraverso simulazioni dinamiche. La strategia materica è stata sviluppata per supportare future valutazioni del carbonio incorporato mediante l’impiego delle Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs). La ricerca dimostra come il riuso adattivo possa rappresentare un approccio progettuale integrato capace di rispondere simultaneamente a obiettivi ambientali, tecnici e sociali, trasformando edifici scolastici esistenti in residenze ad alte prestazioni ambientali e contribuendo a uno sviluppo urbano più sostenibile e inclusivo.
Zama 23: a circular regeneration strategy for intergenerational housing
Pereira De Melo Lazaro, Gabriela Yasmin
2025/2026
Abstract
The building sector faces increasing environmental and social challenges, requiring reductions in carbon emissions, improved resource efficiency, and adaptation of the existing building stock to changing societal needs. Among the available strategies, adaptive reuse has emerged as an effective approach to preserve architectural heritage, enhance environmental performance, and extend building service life. At the same time, cities such as Milan face growing demand for affordable student housing alongside an ageing population, highlighting the need for more inclusive residential models. This thesis investigates the adaptive reuse of a former 1920s school building in Via Zama, Milan, proposing its transformation into an intergenerational housing community for university students and independent older adults. The project preserves the architectural identity of the existing building while promoting social interaction, accessibility, and long-term sustainability. The design combines architectural development with environmental performance assessment to define a comprehensive retrofit strategy. Passive and active design measures are integrated with circular economy principles to improve building performance and support future embodied carbon assessment through Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs). Environmental performance was evaluated using dynamic energy simulations. Rather than considering adaptive reuse solely as a conservation strategy, this research demonstrates its potential as an integrated design approach capable of addressing environmental, technical, and social objectives simultaneously. The proposed methodology shows how existing educational buildings can be transformed into high-performance residential environments while preserving their cultural value and contributing to a more sustainable and inclusive urban future.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/261002