The issue of youth unemployment has been a constant problem in Europe. In August 2025, the number of unemployed young people under the age of 25 in the European Union reached 2.819 million, which corresponds to a youth unemployment rate of 14.6%, whereas Italy showed much higher figures, at 21.6% in May 2025, among people aged 15 to 24 (Eurostat, 2025; Sergi et al., 2018 n Cuzzocrea et al., 2020). Meanwhile, many young people are NEETs, meaning they are neither in employment nor in education or training; in Italy, this phenomenon involves many individuals aged 15 to 29. This indicates social exclusion and a more precarious path towards a stable position in the labour market. This thesis develops BRIDGE, an integrated model of employment guidance services in Milan, based on the integration of a digital platform with a network of physical sites called Career Spots. This initiative aims to improve guidance services in terms of orientation, skills development, and continuity by incorporating personalised pathways, micro-credentials, and networking with potential employers. One distinctive aspect of this proposal is its connection between skills training and community participation, whereby young people are able to earn credits through structured volunteering activities, thus developing their employability skills as well as their community links. In methodological terms, the study adopts a human-centred approach to service and system design, including desk research on policies and services, analysis of the Milan youth employment ecosystem, comparative case studies, and concept generation based on stakeholder engagement and co-design. This thesis makes two contributions: first, an integrated reading of the Milan youth employment ecosystem, together with its access barriers; and second, a hybrid service proposal through which digital and physical infrastructures can work together to overcome fragmentation in youth employment transition pathways.
La disoccupazione giovanile rappresenta da tempo un problema costante in Europa. Nell’agosto 2025, il numero di giovani disoccupati sotto i 25 anni nell’Unione Europea ha raggiunto i 2,819 milioni, corrispondenti a un tasso di disoccupazione giovanile del 14,6%, mentre l’Italia ha mostrato valori molto più alti, pari al 21,6% nel maggio 2025 tra le persone di età compresa tra i 15 e i 24 anni (Eurostat, 2025; Sergi et al., 2018 n Cuzzocrea et al., 2020). Allo stesso tempo, molti giovani si trovano in condizione di NEET, cioè non occupati, né inseriti in percorsi di istruzione o formazione; in Italia questo fenomeno coinvolge una quota significativa di persone – tra i 15 e i 29 anni. Questa situazione indica un rischio di esclusione sociale e un percorso più precario verso una posizione stabile nel mercato del lavoro. Questa tesi sviluppa BRIDGE, un modello integrato di servizi di orientamento al lavoro a Milano, basato sull’integrazione di una piattaforma digitale con una rete di punti fisici chiamati Career Spots. L’iniziativa mira a migliorare i servizi di orientamento in termini di direzione, sviluppo delle competenze e continuità del supporto, attraverso percorsi personalizzati, micro-credenziali e connessioni con potenziali datori di lavoro. Un aspetto distintivo della proposta è il legame tra sviluppo delle competenze e partecipazione alla comunità, attraverso il quale i giovani possono ottenere crediti prendendo parte ad attività di volontariato strutturato, sviluppando così sia la propria occupabilità sia il proprio legame con la comunità. Dal punto di vista metodologico, lo studio adotta un approccio human-centred al service e system design, includendo desk research su politiche e servizi, analisi dell’ecosistema milanese del supporto all’occupazione giovanile, comparative case studies e sviluppo del concept basato sul coinvolgimento degli stakeholder e sul co-design. Questa tesi offre due contributi principali: primo, una lettura integrata dell’ecosistema milanese del supporto all’occupazione giovanile, insieme alle sue barriere di accesso; secondo, una proposta di servizio ibrida attraverso cui infrastrutture digitali e fisiche possono lavorare insieme per ridurre la frammentazione nei percorsi di transizione verso il lavoro. Abstract (ITA)
Designing a hybrid service ecosystem for youth employment support: the BRIDGE platform
Khoramabadi, Marzieh
2025/2026
Abstract
The issue of youth unemployment has been a constant problem in Europe. In August 2025, the number of unemployed young people under the age of 25 in the European Union reached 2.819 million, which corresponds to a youth unemployment rate of 14.6%, whereas Italy showed much higher figures, at 21.6% in May 2025, among people aged 15 to 24 (Eurostat, 2025; Sergi et al., 2018 n Cuzzocrea et al., 2020). Meanwhile, many young people are NEETs, meaning they are neither in employment nor in education or training; in Italy, this phenomenon involves many individuals aged 15 to 29. This indicates social exclusion and a more precarious path towards a stable position in the labour market. This thesis develops BRIDGE, an integrated model of employment guidance services in Milan, based on the integration of a digital platform with a network of physical sites called Career Spots. This initiative aims to improve guidance services in terms of orientation, skills development, and continuity by incorporating personalised pathways, micro-credentials, and networking with potential employers. One distinctive aspect of this proposal is its connection between skills training and community participation, whereby young people are able to earn credits through structured volunteering activities, thus developing their employability skills as well as their community links. In methodological terms, the study adopts a human-centred approach to service and system design, including desk research on policies and services, analysis of the Milan youth employment ecosystem, comparative case studies, and concept generation based on stakeholder engagement and co-design. This thesis makes two contributions: first, an integrated reading of the Milan youth employment ecosystem, together with its access barriers; and second, a hybrid service proposal through which digital and physical infrastructures can work together to overcome fragmentation in youth employment transition pathways.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/261141