The Municipality of Oulx has increasingly become a transit point for people on the move. The coexistence of migrants and local residents in public space provides a context in which internal re-bordering processes within the Schengen area can be observed. This thesis investigates the border as a spatial device through which migratory crossing processes modify the surrounding space. The methodology follows a multi-level design combining a theoretical review of border studies, an analysis of immigration policies enacted by the EU, UNHCR and IOM, critical cartography, and ethnographic fieldwork in Oulx and Bardonecchia. Beyond its geopolitical and legal dimensions, the border can also be understood as a spatial phenomenon associated with specific forms of space that can be inhabited and designed. The first establishes the theoretical framework, analysing the border as a site where relations of power, protection and exclusion are produced (Paasi, 1998; van Houtum and van Naerssen, 2002), and as a produced and inhabited space resulting from human practices (Bourdieu, 1977). The second examines border policies, particularly the New Pact on Migration and Asylum, applicable since 12 June 2026, and their spatial implica- tions. The third investigates how restrictive policies may contribute to the rerouting of migratory crossings, analysing irregular flows and informal smuggling economies as ur- ban structures that shape node-cities and humanitarian hubs. The final phase presents fieldwork at the Upper Susa Valley frontier with France, focusing on Oulx and the Fra- ternità Massi Shelter. A complex border situation emerges, analysed in relation to scarce project funding, national and regional disinvestment, and a lack of dialogue and strategic planning with France. Closure policies may contribute to the reconfiguration of migration pathways and to the emergence of informal geographies and new routes.
Il Comune di Oulx è progressivamente divenuto un punto di transito per le persone in movimento. La coesistenza tra migranti e residenti nello spazio pubblico offre un contesto nel quale è possibile osservare i processi di ri-borderizzazione interna all’area Schengen. Questa tesi indaga la frontiera come dispositivo spaziale attraverso cui i processi di attraversamento migratorio modificano lo spazio circostante. La metodologia segue un approccio multilivello che combina una revisione teorica dei border studies, un’analisi delle politiche migratorie adottate dall’UE, dall’UNHCR e dall’IOM, la cartografia critica e il lavoro etnografico sul campo a Oulx e Bardonecchia. Oltre alle sue dimensioni geopolitiche e giuridiche, la frontiera può essere interpretata come un fenomeno spaziale associato a specifiche forme di spazio che possono essere abitate e progettate. L’argomentazione si sviluppa in quattro fasi. La prima definisce il quadro teorico, analizzando la frontiera come luogo in cui si producono relazioni di potere, protezione ed esclusione (Paasi, 1998; van Houtum e van Naerssen, 2002), e come spazio prodotto e abitato risultante dalle pratiche umane (Bourdieu, 1977). La seconda esamina le politiche di frontiera, in particolare il Nuovo Patto sulla Migrazione e l’Asilo, in vigore dal 12 giugno 2026, e le sue implicazioni spaziali. La terza indaga come le politiche restrittive possano contribuire alla riconfigurazione delle rotte migratorie, analizzando i flussi irregolari e le economie informali del passaggio come strutture urbane che modellano città-nodo e hub umanitari. L’ultima fase presenta il lavoro sul campo alla frontiera dell’Alta Valle di Susa con la Francia, concentrandosi su Oulx e sul Rifugio Fraternità Massi. Emergono dinamiche di frontiera complesse, analizzate in relazione alla scarsità di finanziamenti progettuali, al disinvestimento nazionale e regionale e alla mancanza di dialogo e pianificazione strategica con la Francia. Le politiche di chiusura possono contribuire alla riconfigurazione dei percorsi migratori e all’emergere di geografie informali e di nuove rotte.
Borders create space : closure policies, informal geographies, and planning the reorganization of the Alta Valle di Susa frontier
Grasso, Annalisa
2025/2026
Abstract
The Municipality of Oulx has increasingly become a transit point for people on the move. The coexistence of migrants and local residents in public space provides a context in which internal re-bordering processes within the Schengen area can be observed. This thesis investigates the border as a spatial device through which migratory crossing processes modify the surrounding space. The methodology follows a multi-level design combining a theoretical review of border studies, an analysis of immigration policies enacted by the EU, UNHCR and IOM, critical cartography, and ethnographic fieldwork in Oulx and Bardonecchia. Beyond its geopolitical and legal dimensions, the border can also be understood as a spatial phenomenon associated with specific forms of space that can be inhabited and designed. The first establishes the theoretical framework, analysing the border as a site where relations of power, protection and exclusion are produced (Paasi, 1998; van Houtum and van Naerssen, 2002), and as a produced and inhabited space resulting from human practices (Bourdieu, 1977). The second examines border policies, particularly the New Pact on Migration and Asylum, applicable since 12 June 2026, and their spatial implica- tions. The third investigates how restrictive policies may contribute to the rerouting of migratory crossings, analysing irregular flows and informal smuggling economies as ur- ban structures that shape node-cities and humanitarian hubs. The final phase presents fieldwork at the Upper Susa Valley frontier with France, focusing on Oulx and the Fra- ternità Massi Shelter. A complex border situation emerges, analysed in relation to scarce project funding, national and regional disinvestment, and a lack of dialogue and strategic planning with France. Closure policies may contribute to the reconfiguration of migration pathways and to the emergence of informal geographies and new routes.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/261391