This work involved the study of the operating parameters of MWNTs liquid-phase purification process. MWNTs were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition of ethylene over iron-supported Al2O3 catalyst in a fluidized bed reactor. The as-prepared MWNTs contain a certain amount of catalytic material that lowers the purity to about 70%. The aim of purification treatment is the catalyst removal using a sulphuric acid solution; in particular it was studied the acid concentration and the treatment duration effects on MWNTs final purity, that usually exceed 92%. Purified carbon nanotubes were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and plasma optical emission spectrometry to evaluate the amount of catalyst after the oxidative treatment and by Scanning Electron Microscopy, particle size distribution measurement and acid-base titration for the evaluation of morphological changes and surface modifications incurred after the acid treatment. This work has also provided a study of the next steps of the process: washing with water to dissolve the salts of iron and aluminum and remove the acid and drying to evaporate the remaining water adsorbed on the nanotubes as a result of the previous step. The entire process is conducted in a single device, which consists of a Slurry Bubble Column reactor in which the fluidization of the slurry is ensured by a stream of N2.
Il presente lavoro di tesi ha riguardato lo studio dei parametri operativi del processo di purificazione in fase liquida dei nanotubi di carbonio multiparete sintetizzati mediante CVD in un reattore a letto fluido. Per la produzione dei nanotubi si utilizzano etilene come precursore idrocarburico ed un catalizzatore a base di Fe supportato su Al2O3. Tale catalizzatore rimane inglobato negli agglomerati di nanotubi e all’interno dei nanotubi stessi (Ferro), abbassandone la purezza a valori di circa il 70%. Scopo del trattamento di purificazione è la rimozione del catalizzatore mediante un trattamento ossidativo in presenza di una soluzione di H2SO4; in particolare sono stati studiati gli effetti della concentrazione dell’acido in soluzione e della durata del trattamento sulla purezza finale raggiunta dai nanotubi, che supera valori del 92%. I nanotubi purificati sono stati caratterizzati mediante analisi TGA-DTA e ICP per la stima del residuo catalitico e tramite SEM, analisi granulometriche e titolazione acido-base per la valutazione di eventuali modifiche morfologiche e superficiali subite a seguito del trattamento acido. Il lavoro ha previsto uno studio anche delle fasi del processo successive al trattamento acido: lavaggio con acqua per solubilizzare i sali di ferro e di alluminio formatisi e rimuovere l’acido ed essiccamento per evaporare l’acqua rimasta adsorbita sui nanotubi a seguito dello step precedente. L’intero processo è condotto in un’unica apparecchiatura, che consiste in un reattore SBC in cui la movimentazione dello slurry è garantita da un flusso di N2.
Studio dei parametri operativi del processo di purificazione dei nanotubi di carbonio multiparete
PAPALEO, DOMENICA
2010/2011
Abstract
This work involved the study of the operating parameters of MWNTs liquid-phase purification process. MWNTs were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition of ethylene over iron-supported Al2O3 catalyst in a fluidized bed reactor. The as-prepared MWNTs contain a certain amount of catalytic material that lowers the purity to about 70%. The aim of purification treatment is the catalyst removal using a sulphuric acid solution; in particular it was studied the acid concentration and the treatment duration effects on MWNTs final purity, that usually exceed 92%. Purified carbon nanotubes were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and plasma optical emission spectrometry to evaluate the amount of catalyst after the oxidative treatment and by Scanning Electron Microscopy, particle size distribution measurement and acid-base titration for the evaluation of morphological changes and surface modifications incurred after the acid treatment. This work has also provided a study of the next steps of the process: washing with water to dissolve the salts of iron and aluminum and remove the acid and drying to evaporate the remaining water adsorbed on the nanotubes as a result of the previous step. The entire process is conducted in a single device, which consists of a Slurry Bubble Column reactor in which the fluidization of the slurry is ensured by a stream of N2.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/26822