Despite the preponderance of service companies on the gross domestic product and total number of employees, their productivity shows a less growth respect manufacturing companies. For this reason there are interesting opportunities to review the operations of service companies to improve efficiency through tools and methodologies used in manufacturing sector. Nevertheless, financial services and manufacturing sector are in some respects different; in fact, the first ones manage a big variability and uncertainty than the manufacturing sector as well as having aspects of back office and customer interaction certainly less relevant in the industry sector. It was therefore decided to analyze in the specific an insurance company reality with typical features of a front office service in order to improve operational performance. Through interviews with various players in the sector has tried to understand how the process was structured and then develop a mapping of this and play it through the use of a simulation software. Starting from the data collected in the company it was possible to understand if the model created was performing like analyzed reality, identifying opportunities for improvement that would allow the resolution of major issues. Some interviews were conducted both in the “case study company” that in two outside companies with a double purpose: to validate the “as is” process and suggested improvements. The purpose of this phase is essentially to ensure that the process followed by the two outside companies presents the same steps of the company case study, identifying possibly differences with this addition over to understand the real problems of implementability and possible problems of proposed actions. Guidelines used for the definition of the interventions are part of the management operations and in particular are represented by lean principles. The introduced improvements are so different from each other and provide the elimination of time divisions, the demand flattening, the ability of different actors, management of each resource queue with FIFO system, scheduling with the smaller time windows and decrease of the variability both of input that of the processing times of individual actors. Thanks to these measures have greatly improved the main performance of the company as like mean and time variance of the throughput time and number of practices that exceed 30 days. In particular, for clarity, the proposed activities have been grouped into simple actions and advanced interventions because some are easy to apply as the first three above described, while the rest require a greater effort of involved resources. Already implementing easier solutions, a company could improve the lead time of a subscription of 26%, as well as a decrease in the variance of this performance by 91 percentage points. In addition to these benefits, can be improved of 80% the number of practices that exceed 30 days, very important indicator in insurance sector because if a company has practices that exceed this dead line, is forced to pay penalties. With the second type of intervention, however, the benefits are even better: the crossing time of the subscription increases of 45% while the renew decrease of 55 percentage points of the same performance, the lead time variance improves of 97% for the first practice and of 95% for the second, coming then to finally eliminate the number of cases greater than 30 days both to renew than for subscription. The obtained results were then confirmed also by the different interviewed actors who did not identify any particular problems which could prevent the implementation of the proposed improvements to the reality, exception for FIFO management of the the Head of the Department queue. This action would complicate a lot the current situation, forcing employees to perform additional tasks as recall customer to confirm the date of the referral and the Head of the Department to continually update his organizer to align the day out proposed to each collaborator with the willingness of customers. For this reason was introduced an additional scenario in which is deleted the FIFO queue head of sector management, logical maintained for the other players of the supply chain. In this case too, looking at the achieved results in the implementation of this new combined intervention with the elimination of time divisions and leveling the capacity of actors, is possible to see how above mentioned improvements are still existing: improvement of 23% of the time of crossing the issue and 18% for the renewal with a decrease in the variance of the respective performance of 48% for the first practice and 24.35% for the second. Therefore we can conclude that, although with little changes in the implementation phase, the application of tools and methodologies normally used for scope management in manufacturing sector and of processes characterized by high volumes and low variability allow to obtain significant benefits even in service businesses company where the variability is very high, providing substantial input for research.
Sebbene la preponderanza delle aziende di servizio sul prodotto interno lordo e sul numero di impiegati totali, la produttività di queste mostra una crescita inferiore a quanto accade nelle aziende manifatturiere. Per questo motivo si presentano interessanti opportunità di revisione delle operations delle aziende di servizio al fine di migliorarne l’efficienza tramite strumenti e metodologie utilizzate nel manifatturiero. Tuttavia, i servizi ed il manifatturiero sono per alcuni aspetti diversi; i primi infatti si trovano a gestire una variabilità ed incertezza maggiore rispetto al manifatturiero, oltre ad avere aspetti di back office ed interazione con il cliente, sicuramente meno rilevanti nel comparto industriale. Si è pertanto deciso di analizzare nello specifico una realtà aziendale assicurativa, con tipiche caratteristiche di un servizio di front office al fine di migliorarne le prestazioni operative. Tramite diverse interviste agli attori della filiera si è cercato di comprendere come fosse strutturato il processo per poi sviluppare una mappatura di questo e riprodurlo tramite l’utilizzo di un software di simulazione. Partendo dai dati raccolti in azienda è stato possibile comprendere se il modello creato performasse come la realtà analizzata, individuando delle opportunità di miglioramento che consentissero la risoluzione delle principali problematiche. Sono state poi condotte alcune interviste, sia nella case study company che in due aziende esterne con un duplice fine: validare il processo “as – is” e i miglioramenti suggeriti. Lo scopo di questa fase consiste essenzialmente nel verificare che il processo seguito dalle due aziende esterne presenti i medesimi passi dell’azienda caso di studio, individuando eventuali diversità con questa oltre a comprendere l’effettiva implementabilità e le eventuali problematiche degli interventi proposti. Le linee guida utilizzate per la definizione degli interventi si trovano nell’ambito delle operations management e più in particolare sono rappresentate dai principi lean. I miglioramenti introdotti risultano così diversi l’uno dall’altro e prevedono l’eliminazione di lottizzazioni di tempo, il livellamento della domanda, dei carichi e della capacità dei diversi attori, la gestione della coda di ciascuna risorsa con logica FIFO, la schedulazione con finestre temporali più piccole e la diminuzione della variabilità sia dell’input che dei tempi di lavorazione dei singoli attori. Grazie a questi interventi si sono migliorate notevolmente le performance principali dell’azienda come media e varianza del tempo di attraversamento e numero di pratiche che superano i 30 giorni. In particolare, per una maggior chiarezza, le attività proposte sono state raggruppate in interventi semplici ed interventi avanzati in quanto alcuni risultano di facile applicabilità come i primi tre sopra descritti, mentre i restanti richiedono uno sforzo maggiore delle risorse coinvolte. Già implementando le soluzioni più facili, un’azienda potrebbe arrivare a migliorare il lead time di una sottoscrizione del 26%, oltre ad una diminuzione della varianza di questa performance di 91 punti percentuali. In aggiunta a questi benefici, si riesce a migliorare dell’ 80% il numero di pratiche che superano i 30 giorni, indicatore molto importante in ambito assicurativo poiché qualora un’azienda presenti pratiche che superano questa dead line, è costretta a pagare delle penali. Con il secondo tipo di intervento, invece, i benefici sono ancora migliori: il tempo di attraversamento della sottoscrizione migliora del 45% mentre il rinnovo registra una diminuzione di 55 punti percentuali della medesima performance, la varianza del lead time migliora del 97% per la prima pratica e del 95% per la seconda, arrivando poi ad eliminare del tutto il numero di pratiche superiori ai 30 giorni sia per il rinnovo che per la sottoscrizione. I risultati ottenuti sono poi stati confermati anche dai diversi attori intervistati i quali non hanno individuato problematiche particolari che impedissero l’implementazione dei miglioramenti proposti alla realtà, ad eccezione della gestione con logica FIFO della coda del caposettore. Difatti, questo intervento complicherebbe non poco la situazione attuale, costringendo i collaboratori a svolgere attività aggiuntive come richiamare il cliente per confermare la data del rimando ed il caposettore ad aggiornare continuamente la sua agenda per allineare il giorno d’uscita proposto a ciascun collaboratore con la disponibilità dei clienti. Per questo motivo è stato introdotto uno scenario aggiuntivo in cui appunto viene eliminata la gestione FIFO della coda del caposettore, logica mantenuta per gli altri attori della supply chain. Anche in questo caso, guardando i risultati ottenuti dall’implementazione combinata di questo nuovo intervento con l’eliminazione di lottizzazioni di tempo e livellamento della capacità degli attori, si può notare come i miglioramenti di cui sopra si è parlato sussistano ancora: miglioramento del 23% del tempo di attraversamento della sottoscrizione e del 18% per quanto riguarda il rinnovo con una diminuzione della varianza della rispettiva performance del 48 % per la prima pratica e del 24,35% per la seconda. Si può pertanto concludere che, sebbene con delle piccole modifiche in fase di implementazione, l’applicazione di strumenti e metodologie utilizzate normalmente per la gestione dell’ambito manifatturiero e di processi caratterizzati da alti volumi e bassa variabilità permetta di ottenere benefici rilevanti anche in aziende di servizio dove la variabilità è molto elevata, fornendo quindi notevoli spunti per la ricerca.
Analisi e sviluppo di soluzioni in ottica lean per il miglioramento della gestione del processo di sottoscrizione di polizze assicurative per il ramo vita
CASTELNUOVO, CHIARA
2010/2011
Abstract
Despite the preponderance of service companies on the gross domestic product and total number of employees, their productivity shows a less growth respect manufacturing companies. For this reason there are interesting opportunities to review the operations of service companies to improve efficiency through tools and methodologies used in manufacturing sector. Nevertheless, financial services and manufacturing sector are in some respects different; in fact, the first ones manage a big variability and uncertainty than the manufacturing sector as well as having aspects of back office and customer interaction certainly less relevant in the industry sector. It was therefore decided to analyze in the specific an insurance company reality with typical features of a front office service in order to improve operational performance. Through interviews with various players in the sector has tried to understand how the process was structured and then develop a mapping of this and play it through the use of a simulation software. Starting from the data collected in the company it was possible to understand if the model created was performing like analyzed reality, identifying opportunities for improvement that would allow the resolution of major issues. Some interviews were conducted both in the “case study company” that in two outside companies with a double purpose: to validate the “as is” process and suggested improvements. The purpose of this phase is essentially to ensure that the process followed by the two outside companies presents the same steps of the company case study, identifying possibly differences with this addition over to understand the real problems of implementability and possible problems of proposed actions. Guidelines used for the definition of the interventions are part of the management operations and in particular are represented by lean principles. The introduced improvements are so different from each other and provide the elimination of time divisions, the demand flattening, the ability of different actors, management of each resource queue with FIFO system, scheduling with the smaller time windows and decrease of the variability both of input that of the processing times of individual actors. Thanks to these measures have greatly improved the main performance of the company as like mean and time variance of the throughput time and number of practices that exceed 30 days. In particular, for clarity, the proposed activities have been grouped into simple actions and advanced interventions because some are easy to apply as the first three above described, while the rest require a greater effort of involved resources. Already implementing easier solutions, a company could improve the lead time of a subscription of 26%, as well as a decrease in the variance of this performance by 91 percentage points. In addition to these benefits, can be improved of 80% the number of practices that exceed 30 days, very important indicator in insurance sector because if a company has practices that exceed this dead line, is forced to pay penalties. With the second type of intervention, however, the benefits are even better: the crossing time of the subscription increases of 45% while the renew decrease of 55 percentage points of the same performance, the lead time variance improves of 97% for the first practice and of 95% for the second, coming then to finally eliminate the number of cases greater than 30 days both to renew than for subscription. The obtained results were then confirmed also by the different interviewed actors who did not identify any particular problems which could prevent the implementation of the proposed improvements to the reality, exception for FIFO management of the the Head of the Department queue. This action would complicate a lot the current situation, forcing employees to perform additional tasks as recall customer to confirm the date of the referral and the Head of the Department to continually update his organizer to align the day out proposed to each collaborator with the willingness of customers. For this reason was introduced an additional scenario in which is deleted the FIFO queue head of sector management, logical maintained for the other players of the supply chain. In this case too, looking at the achieved results in the implementation of this new combined intervention with the elimination of time divisions and leveling the capacity of actors, is possible to see how above mentioned improvements are still existing: improvement of 23% of the time of crossing the issue and 18% for the renewal with a decrease in the variance of the respective performance of 48% for the first practice and 24.35% for the second. Therefore we can conclude that, although with little changes in the implementation phase, the application of tools and methodologies normally used for scope management in manufacturing sector and of processes characterized by high volumes and low variability allow to obtain significant benefits even in service businesses company where the variability is very high, providing substantial input for research.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/39102