Strategic design of the global supply chain : identification of supply chain configurations and enablers

In this thesis we review how the global supply chain design problem is addressed in literature by means of deep analysis and classification of the research papers according to the main topics discussed and methodologies adopted. The review is divided into four sections: qualitative (overview, strategy definition, conceptual models), quantitative (mathematical problem solving with a specific objective), integrated models and empirical research. Summary tables that describe the main characteristics of reviewed articles are also presented. We conclude that although there is clear evidence of the growing interest to the analyzed problem both among academics and practitioners due to its increasing importance and arising management challenges, few research papers consider the global supply chain problem in its entirety. Special emphasis is placed on exploring two research questions: what are possible design configurations and which factors influence global supply chain design decisions. From a company`s perspective developing an optimal configuration plays a critical role in the strategic design of a supply chain network and is a source of competitive advantage. Summing all the above mentioned, this thesis aims to develop two models: (1) a taxonomy for classifying global supply chain configurations and (2) a drivers` matrix for analyzing the key enablers involved. The first proposed model is a two-dimensional matrix based on the location criterion that distinguishes 8 basic supply chain configurations. The configuration choice depends on the level of integration and centralization a company is willing to adopt aligned with its overall strategy. It also discusses the main characteristics of each configuration and possible application areas. We identify 36 enablers, which support the decision-making process involved in strategic supply chain planning. Consequently we synthesize a drivers` matrix clustering all the factors in five categories: product, service, demand, supply and environment. Furthermore, allocating the drivers with the logistics costs (e.g. transportation, handling, inventory carrying costs, etc.) and assessment within the time frame (i.e. operational, tactical and strategic) are also presented. The paper is closed with the recommendations for future research opportunities in global supply chain modeling.