Actually we admit that earthquake is a random, periodical event, driven by natural forces due to the evolutionary process of the planet we live on. Since the Eighteenth century, we have become aware of the ecological meaning of the world: the need for maintaining the well-being balance between humans, species and the whole world. Currently public awareness of worldwide population growth has increased. This worrisome demographic phenomenon leads to an equally worrying growth of the size and number of villages, towns and cities. Such an alarming situation draws attention to the necessity of taking care of environmental condition, building heritage and human life and last but not least reducing the losses due to earthquakes. Moreover a dramatic lack of suitable tools and strategies to deal with an efficient preventive intervention against seismic hazard affecting constructions and to face the emergency has been pointed out. Environment, building heritage and human life and losses due to natural disasters are relevant topics. Therefore nowadays problems related with Defence Against Earthquakes have to be evaluated in terms of decisions, management and predictions. Whenever natural catastrophes strike abroad, some questions turn out to be critical: can a natural disaster be predicted in advance? Which preventive actions can be planned in order to successfully withstand almost stronger effects? Why hasn’t any preventive action been performed? Who should make decisions on preventive interventions? Approaching decisions, past experiences make the cognitive process more effective, working and accurate. As buildings age, they become unique, as buildings are simply no longer made the same way, and time provides them with characteristics that could never be designed into a new building. Knowing and understanding buildings is necessary for properly evaluating current preventive strategies and choosing adequate rehabilitation, reconstruction, upgrading, improvement and local interventions. Considering building heritage, a multi-level combined approach for risk mitigation and emergency management results in defining efficient operating strategies, which comply with design provisions of the National Building Code and optimise the decision-making. This thesis focuses on life cycle management as the heart of intervention and design strategies on both new and existing buildings in order to preserve their architectural identity, ensure them a long life and deal with strategic policies for handling emergencies. To explain the general combined approach, it has been directly applied to a case study in San Pio di Fontecchio (L’Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy) stroke by the April-6th-2009 earthquake occurred in Italy. Improving and sharing the knowledge of such a combined method should finally foster the development of an international networking.
Un terremoto è generalmente considerato un evento periodico, casuale, attribuito alle forze naturali che dominano il processo evolutivo della Terra. Il concetto di sostenibilità, già noto in epoca Illuminista, pone l’attenzione sul rapporto tra uomo e natura, tra società e ambiente, da cui può, e deve, prendere forma una grande trasformazione in direzione di uno sviluppo, gestione e salvaguardia del patrimonio universale. La crescita demografica rapida ed incontrollata che coinvolge in modo sempre più preoccupante la popolazione mondiale ed il sovraffollamento urbano che ne deriva, hanno grandi responsabilità nel determinare ed aggravare le conseguenze catastrofiche di eventi naturali improvvisi. Simili condizioni allarmanti sottolineano l’impellente necessità di definire ed attuare strategie decisionali rivolte a preservare il patrimonio ambientale e costruito, salvaguardare le vite umane e ridurre le perdite al sopraggiungere, improvviso, di un evento potenzialmente disastroso, come un terremoto. L’assenza di strumenti e strategie efficaci di prevenzione e gestione delle emergenze è altresì motivo di preoccupazione. Al fine di provvedere agli attuali problemi che riguardano la Difesa dai Terremoti, pertanto, è indispensabile porre particolare attenzione al processo decisionale in fase di emergenza, alla gestione e prevenzione degli eventi calamitosi. Al verificarsi improvviso di una catastrofe naturale, emergono alcune questioni critiche: è possibile prevedere in anticipo un disastro naturale? Quali azioni preventive possono essere pianificate per contrastare almeno le conseguenze più catastrofiche in modo efficace? Perché non sono state adottate simili precauzioni? Chi dovrebbe gestire e guidare la fase decisionale per la definizione delle strategie d’intervento? Gli eventi sismici che si sono succeduti nel passato hanno segnato in modo indelebile i contesti architettonici e paesaggistici. La conoscenza e la comprensione approfondita di tali dinamiche sono strategicamente indispensabili per definire ed attuare decisioni in materia di prevenzione, recupero, ricostruzione, adeguamento e miglioramento efficaci, accorte e rispettose dell’originale identità del sistema urbano e territoriale e della sua memoria storica. Si propone, pertanto, un approccio multidisciplinare integrato per la mitigazione del rischio e la gestione dell’emergenza. Tale metodologia consentirebbe di valutare ed attuare operazioni strategiche ottimali a salvaguardia del patrimonio costruito esistente e in ottemperanza delle disposizioni previste dalla normative vigente. Nell’ambito di questa tesi, assicurare il perdurare negli anni di edifici sicuri, preservando l’identità architettonica e urbana, emerge quale obiettivo cardine delle politiche strategiche per la gestione delle emergenze. Per una maggiore chiarezza dei principi generali sottesi, il procedimento è stato applicato ad un caso studio situato in San Pio di Fontecchio (L’Aquila, Abruzzo, Italia), località interessata dal terremoto dell’aprile 2009. Il prosieguo della ricerca potrà promuovere la divulgazione delle conoscenze acquisite per sviluppare una rete internazionale di gestione della mitigazione del rischio sismico.
Life cycle management. Development of a risk mitigation and maintenance rehabilitation planning approach for seismic prone regions
BASSO, NOEMI
Abstract
Actually we admit that earthquake is a random, periodical event, driven by natural forces due to the evolutionary process of the planet we live on. Since the Eighteenth century, we have become aware of the ecological meaning of the world: the need for maintaining the well-being balance between humans, species and the whole world. Currently public awareness of worldwide population growth has increased. This worrisome demographic phenomenon leads to an equally worrying growth of the size and number of villages, towns and cities. Such an alarming situation draws attention to the necessity of taking care of environmental condition, building heritage and human life and last but not least reducing the losses due to earthquakes. Moreover a dramatic lack of suitable tools and strategies to deal with an efficient preventive intervention against seismic hazard affecting constructions and to face the emergency has been pointed out. Environment, building heritage and human life and losses due to natural disasters are relevant topics. Therefore nowadays problems related with Defence Against Earthquakes have to be evaluated in terms of decisions, management and predictions. Whenever natural catastrophes strike abroad, some questions turn out to be critical: can a natural disaster be predicted in advance? Which preventive actions can be planned in order to successfully withstand almost stronger effects? Why hasn’t any preventive action been performed? Who should make decisions on preventive interventions? Approaching decisions, past experiences make the cognitive process more effective, working and accurate. As buildings age, they become unique, as buildings are simply no longer made the same way, and time provides them with characteristics that could never be designed into a new building. Knowing and understanding buildings is necessary for properly evaluating current preventive strategies and choosing adequate rehabilitation, reconstruction, upgrading, improvement and local interventions. Considering building heritage, a multi-level combined approach for risk mitigation and emergency management results in defining efficient operating strategies, which comply with design provisions of the National Building Code and optimise the decision-making. This thesis focuses on life cycle management as the heart of intervention and design strategies on both new and existing buildings in order to preserve their architectural identity, ensure them a long life and deal with strategic policies for handling emergencies. To explain the general combined approach, it has been directly applied to a case study in San Pio di Fontecchio (L’Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy) stroke by the April-6th-2009 earthquake occurred in Italy. Improving and sharing the knowledge of such a combined method should finally foster the development of an international networking.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/74122