The aim of the present work is to analyze the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete existing buildings, designed to stand in an area originally classified as non-seismic. A response-spectrum analysis of the building Torre Velasca, in Milan, has been performed as a case-study. Nowadays, in Italy it is estimated that about 60% of existing buildings were constructed without any reference to seismic prescription of design codes. Furthermore, most buildings have exceeded their life-time; this entails problems due to the degradation of the concrete, corrosion of reinforcement steel bars and loss of mechanical properties for structural materials. In the present work, we have analyzed the building codes that these structures were referring to (which date back to the ‘30s), the materials that were used at the time, the most developed construction practices and the loss of mechanical properties due to degradation and aging. Subsequently, with the aid of a FEM software, a model was created in order to investigate Torre Velasca’s behavior under different load cases. This building represents a perfect example of application of the typical construction techniques of the ‘60s. In the construction of the model, original elements’ sections and materials were used; unfortunately, due to inability of finding the original drawings, the construction of the model requested sometimes some sham simplification, although almost always justifiable. The model was developed according to the Italian design code NTC-2008, and it has been subjected to a response-spectrum modal analysis. Earthquake and wind-related actions were applied to the model and corresponding reactions and displacements were compared. Due to the inherent drawings’ incompleteness, the present model has to be considered as a pure theoretical, and as such qualitative, study, and it is therefore not able to be assumed as a safety check for the Torre Velasca’s structure.
L’oggetto del presente lavoro è l’analisi del comportamento sismico di edifici esistenti in c.a., progettati e costruiti in assenza di riferimenti a normative di tipo sismico; come caso di studio particolare è stata svolta un’analisi modale con spettro di risposta sul noto edificio milanese Torre Velasca. Attualmente in Italia si stima che circa il 60% degli edifici esistenti siano stati costruiti in zone all’epoca classificate come non sismiche. Inoltre gran parte degli edifici, che risalgono per lo più al trentennio post-bellico, hanno raggiunto e superato la loro vita utile di servizio; ciò comporta il frequente insorgere di problemi di degrado e decadimento delle proprietà meccaniche degli elementi strutturali. Nel lavoro in esame sono state analizzate le normative di riferimento per tali edifici (risalenti agli anni ’30), le tipologie e le caratteristiche prestazionali dei materiali utilizzati all’epoca, le prassi costruttive del tempo e le conseguenze del degrado e dell’invecchiamento su tali strutture. Successivamente, con l’ausilio di un programma di calcolo ad elementi finiti è stato creato un modello della struttura di Torre Velasca, che può essere considerato un vero e proprio paradigma degli edifici degli anni ’50-’70. Nella costruzione del modello sono state adoperate le sezioni geometriche ed i materiali originali, reperiti da documentazione storica. Tuttavia, a causa dell’incompletezza degli elaborati reperibili in bibliografia, la modellazione ha reso necessarie alcune semplificazioni ed ipotesi, peraltro sempre giustificabili. Il modello è stato poi sottoposto ad un’analisi modale con spettro di risposta effettuata seguendo le prescrizioni delle NTC-2008. Le azioni causate dal sisma e dal vento sono state applicate alla struttura, e sono stati registrati e comparati gli spostamenti e le reazioni conseguenti. Data l’incompletezza degli elaborati grafici reperibili riguardanti la struttura di Torre Velasca, il modello proposto ha puramente un valore di studio; non è pertanto da ritenersi paragonabile o assimilabile ad una verifica di sicurezza per la struttura.
Comportamento strutturale di edifici in c.a. pre-normativa sismica : un esempio dalla Torre Velasca di Milano
MARINI, CARLO;MAGGIO, ELISA
2012/2013
Abstract
The aim of the present work is to analyze the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete existing buildings, designed to stand in an area originally classified as non-seismic. A response-spectrum analysis of the building Torre Velasca, in Milan, has been performed as a case-study. Nowadays, in Italy it is estimated that about 60% of existing buildings were constructed without any reference to seismic prescription of design codes. Furthermore, most buildings have exceeded their life-time; this entails problems due to the degradation of the concrete, corrosion of reinforcement steel bars and loss of mechanical properties for structural materials. In the present work, we have analyzed the building codes that these structures were referring to (which date back to the ‘30s), the materials that were used at the time, the most developed construction practices and the loss of mechanical properties due to degradation and aging. Subsequently, with the aid of a FEM software, a model was created in order to investigate Torre Velasca’s behavior under different load cases. This building represents a perfect example of application of the typical construction techniques of the ‘60s. In the construction of the model, original elements’ sections and materials were used; unfortunately, due to inability of finding the original drawings, the construction of the model requested sometimes some sham simplification, although almost always justifiable. The model was developed according to the Italian design code NTC-2008, and it has been subjected to a response-spectrum modal analysis. Earthquake and wind-related actions were applied to the model and corresponding reactions and displacements were compared. Due to the inherent drawings’ incompleteness, the present model has to be considered as a pure theoretical, and as such qualitative, study, and it is therefore not able to be assumed as a safety check for the Torre Velasca’s structure.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/80041