In this thesis we deal with the problem of low speed modeling and control of an electric NTV vehicle (Narrow Tilting Vehicle), using di erential torque provided by two independent motors. In fact this vehicle has an innovative structure, with four wheels, tilting with the body, and two independent inwheel electric motors. The aim of this work is to characterize the vehicle behavior from standstill and at low speed, to keep it in vertical position thanks to two di erent values of torque from the motors. This is an innovative control solution for this kind of tilting vehicle, not requiring additional actuators dedicated to roll block. A multibody model is developed, starting from the rear vehicle structure. This model allows us to study the direct e ffects of di erential torque on vehicle roll dynamics. Other dynamics don't appear, due to the fact we are considering a standstill, or low speed situation. The model considers also the driver on the vehicle, and his movements with respect to the vertical axis. An autonomous control is dedicated to this speci c target. A stability control is designed for the vehicle, to stabilize the roll dynamics using the di erential torque to maintain a roll angle set point equal to zero. The performance of this control system is analyzed by simulations carried out in di erent situations, to evaluate pros and cons of this kind of actuations. We verify the model reliability by experimental tests; we test also an initial realization of this control system on a real vehicle, underlying which are the most signi cant limits for the overall performances. Saturation levels imposed by the motors are the greater limits for this kind of control and actuation. At the same time it is possible to control the vehicle roll dynamic by di erential torque, an innovative solution for this kind of tilting vehicle.
In questa tesi viene a rontato un problema di modellistica e controllo di un veicolo NTV (Narrow Tilting Vehicle) a bassa velocità, attraverso la coppia differenziale erogata dai motori. Il veicolo presenta infatti una ciclistica innovativa, con due ruote posteriori con motori in-wheel. Lo scopo è quello di caratterizzare il comportamento del veicolo da fermo e a basse velocità, con l'obiettivo di mantenerlo in posizione verticale, generando coppie differenti con i motori indipendenti. Viene sviluppato un modello multibody a partire dalla struttura posteriore del veicolo. Questo modello permette di studiare in maniera dettagliata come la coppia differenziale interviene direttamente sulla dinamica di rollio del veicolo. Il modello in questione tiene conto della presenza del pilota sul veicolo e dei suoi movimenti rispetto alla verticale. Un controllo autonomo e dedicato a questo scopo. Viene progettato un controllo di stabilità per il veicolo, al fine di stabilizzare la dinamica di rollio utilizzando la sola coppia differenziale, per mantenere l'angolo di rollio di riferimento nullo. Attraverso delle prove in simulazione vengono testate le prestazioni di tale controllo, analizzando i vantaggi e i limiti di questo tipo di attuazione. Con alcune prove sperimentali si veri ca la bontà del modello e una prima realizzazione di questo tipo di controllo sul veicolo reale, sottolineando quali sono i limiti maggiori alle prestazioni. I livelli di saturazione imposti dai motori rappresentano i limiti maggiori per questo tipo di controllo e di attuazione. Allo stesso tempo si è osservato che è possibile controllare la dinamica di rollio mediante la sola coppia differenziale, soluzione del tutto innovativa per questo tipo di veicoli.
Modellistica a basse velocità e controllo del rollio di un veicolo NTV
TABORELLI, CARLO
2012/2013
Abstract
In this thesis we deal with the problem of low speed modeling and control of an electric NTV vehicle (Narrow Tilting Vehicle), using di erential torque provided by two independent motors. In fact this vehicle has an innovative structure, with four wheels, tilting with the body, and two independent inwheel electric motors. The aim of this work is to characterize the vehicle behavior from standstill and at low speed, to keep it in vertical position thanks to two di erent values of torque from the motors. This is an innovative control solution for this kind of tilting vehicle, not requiring additional actuators dedicated to roll block. A multibody model is developed, starting from the rear vehicle structure. This model allows us to study the direct e ffects of di erential torque on vehicle roll dynamics. Other dynamics don't appear, due to the fact we are considering a standstill, or low speed situation. The model considers also the driver on the vehicle, and his movements with respect to the vertical axis. An autonomous control is dedicated to this speci c target. A stability control is designed for the vehicle, to stabilize the roll dynamics using the di erential torque to maintain a roll angle set point equal to zero. The performance of this control system is analyzed by simulations carried out in di erent situations, to evaluate pros and cons of this kind of actuations. We verify the model reliability by experimental tests; we test also an initial realization of this control system on a real vehicle, underlying which are the most signi cant limits for the overall performances. Saturation levels imposed by the motors are the greater limits for this kind of control and actuation. At the same time it is possible to control the vehicle roll dynamic by di erential torque, an innovative solution for this kind of tilting vehicle.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2013_12_Taborelli.pdf
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Descrizione: Testo della tesi
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/88643