Technologies utilised for flue gas cleaning. A survey of the current emission levels and the calculation of the emission factors from different sources (waste to energy plants, biomass combustion plants, fossil fuel powered plants)

Over the years fossil fuel maintains its importance in the energy sector. For this reason, greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) have been increasing and the thermal equilibrium of the earth have began to change. For some decades there is a tendency through no-emission or low-emission energy types/sources as renewable energy. The tendency through sustainable and low emission fuels as biomass and waste, and the development of alternative air pollution control techniques has started because the growing air pollution of fossil fuels is a significant negative impact on the environment and human health. In this study, current emission factors from fossil/biomass/waste fueled power plants around the world and their comparison, emission assessments, air pollution control techniques, prospects of the governments for air pollution and limitations are represented. Companies / organizations / commissions which work on the limitation of GHG emissions, make evaluations, improve air pollution control techniques and minimize the emissions. Governments set goals in order to limit the air pollution as specifying the limit emission values for flue gases and filtration efficiencies. They aim at GHG decrease with these regulations year by year. Experimental works/case studies which are demonstrated or being practised, implemented by several organizations or in theoretical part, are tried to be shown in this study.