When dealing with historical buildings it is very important to understand their structural behavior and present state in order to be able to predict their future performance and residual life. The assessment of this kind of buildings consists of many aspects such as historical investigation of the original design, evolution of construction and damage in time, monitoring, numerical models etc. The Cathedral of Milan (further in the text indicated as Duomo di Milano) was chosen as a case study for the present thesis for which the fatigue behavior of its iron ties due to the temperature change was assessed. Tie-rods in Duomo di Milano are active in bearing the lateral thrust from the vault and the arch above. Their stability is relevant for the overall performance of the structure, which makes their assessment of great importance. Since the ties are made of wrought iron, for which little information on the material properties is available in the literature, series of experiments were conducted on specimens, taken from the original tie – visual inspection, tensile test, magnetic particle examination, and toughness test. The data from previous studies, monitoring and investigations of the structure were used in order to create a simplified numerical model for assessing the influence of the daily and seasonal temperature variations on the elements. The aim of the thesis is to provide instructions for estimation of the residual fatigue life of the ties once a defect in them has been detected, using the results from the numerical model along with the principles of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM). Some remarks on further improvements of the models are given in the present work in order to improve the obtained results.
Lo stato attuale e la “risposta” strutturale degli edifici storici sono parametri fondamentali da comprendere se si vuole capire le loro “risposte” future e le loro vite residue. La valutazione di questi particolari edifici può essere effetuata considerando diversi aspetti come: la ricerca di documenti storici quali progetto originario,evoluzione delle fasi costruttive e dei eventuali danni nel tempo, il monitoraggio, analisi numeriche ed etc. Il caso studiato in questa tesi riguarda il Duomo di Milano, più nello specifico la risposta a fatica delle sue catene a diverse temperature. Le catene sono soggette ad una forza di trazione dovuta dalla spinta laterale delle volte e degli archi sopra di esse. La loro stabilità è essenziale al fine di garantire una buona risposta strutturale, per questo motivo la loro verifica è molto importante. Le catene sono in ferro battuto, a causa delle scarse informazioni dell’analisi storica riguardanti le loro proprietà (fisiche,chimiche e meccaniche), si è provveduto ad eseguire alcuni test su pezzi di esse come: ispezione visiva, prova a trazione, analisi con particelle magnetiche e prova di durezza. Il modello numerico usato per definire l’influenza del cambiamento di temperatura stagionale e giornaliero si basa su dati provenienti da studi effetuati in passato oltre che a quelli delle prove qui condotte. Lo scopo di questa tesi è quello di fornire informazioni sulla stima della resistenza residua a fatica delle catene con la presenza di un difetto individuate in esse usando un modello numerico basato sulla meccanica lineare elastica delle fratture. Nel presente lavoro vi sono anche alcuni suggerimenti per future approfondimenti, in maniera tale da migliorare l’analisi.
Fatigue behaviour of the historical wrought iron tie rods in the Duomo di Milano
STEFANOVA, ILINA GEORGIEVA
2013/2014
Abstract
When dealing with historical buildings it is very important to understand their structural behavior and present state in order to be able to predict their future performance and residual life. The assessment of this kind of buildings consists of many aspects such as historical investigation of the original design, evolution of construction and damage in time, monitoring, numerical models etc. The Cathedral of Milan (further in the text indicated as Duomo di Milano) was chosen as a case study for the present thesis for which the fatigue behavior of its iron ties due to the temperature change was assessed. Tie-rods in Duomo di Milano are active in bearing the lateral thrust from the vault and the arch above. Their stability is relevant for the overall performance of the structure, which makes their assessment of great importance. Since the ties are made of wrought iron, for which little information on the material properties is available in the literature, series of experiments were conducted on specimens, taken from the original tie – visual inspection, tensile test, magnetic particle examination, and toughness test. The data from previous studies, monitoring and investigations of the structure were used in order to create a simplified numerical model for assessing the influence of the daily and seasonal temperature variations on the elements. The aim of the thesis is to provide instructions for estimation of the residual fatigue life of the ties once a defect in them has been detected, using the results from the numerical model along with the principles of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM). Some remarks on further improvements of the models are given in the present work in order to improve the obtained results.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/95384